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Chromium

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Sichuan Province, China
© Thomas Witzke

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Formula:
Cr
System:IsometricColour:White
Lustre:MetallicHardness:9
Name:From the Greek chroma, color, since all chromium compounds are colored.
This page provides mineralogical data about Chromium.

Classification of Chromium

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:1/A.06-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:1.AE.05

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
E : Iron-chromium family
Dana 7th edition ID:1.1.15.1
Dana 8th edition ID:1.1.12.1

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
Hey's CIM Ref.:1.55

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
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Type Occurrence of Chromium

Type Locality:Anduo Cr deposit, Amdo (Anduo) Co., Nagchu (Naqu) Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
Geological Setting of type material:Heavy sands derived from contact metamorphic zone between siliceous marble and ultramafic rock.

Physical Properties of Chromium

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:White
Hardness (Mohs):9
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=1875 - 2000
Tenacity:Brittle
Comment:On synthetic material
Density (measured):7.17 g/cm3
Density (calculated):7.20 g/cm3

Crystallography of Chromium

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Im3m {I4/m 3 2/m}
Space Group Setting:Im3m
Cell Parameters:a = 2.8839Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 23.99 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Grains to 20 microns.
Comment:Synthetic

Optical Data of Chromium

Type:Isotropic
Colour in reflected light:White with yellow tint

Chemical Properties of Chromium

Formula:
Cr
Essential elements:Cr
All elements listed in formula:Cr

Relationship of Chromium to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
1.AE.05Molybdenum
Mo
1.AE.05Iron
Fe
1.AE.05Kamacite
(Fe,Ni)
1.AE.05Tungsten
W
1.AE.05UM2001-06-E:CrFeNi
Fe
 
7
Cr
 
2
Ni
1.AE.10Taenite
(Fe,Ni)
1.AE.10Tetrataenite
FeNi
1.AE.10Antitaenite
Fe
 
3
Ni
1.AE.15Chromferide
Fe
 
3
Cr
 
1-x
 (x=0.6)
1.AE.15Ferchromide
Cr
 
1.5
Fe
 
0.5-x
1.AE.15Wairauite
CoFe
1.AE.20Awaruite
Ni
 
3
Fe
1.AE.25Jedwabite
Fe
 
7
(Ta,Nb)
 
3
1.AE.30Manganese
Mn
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
1.1Copper
Cu
1.2Silver
Ag
1.5Gold
Au
1.6Auricupride
Cu
 
3
Au
1.7Tetra-auricupride
AuCu
1.8Zinc
Zn
1.9Cadmium
Cd
1.10Danbaite
CuZn
 
2
1.11Zhanghengite
CuZn
1.12Mercury
Hg
1.13Kolymite
Cu
 
7
Hg
 
6
1.14Moschellandsbergite
Ag
 
2
Hg
 
3
1.15Eugenite
Ag
 
11
Hg
 
2
1.16Schachnerite
Ag
 
1.1
Hg
 
0.9
1.17Paraschachnerite
Ag
 
3
Hg
 
2
1.18Luanheite
Ag
 
3
Hg
1.19Weishanite
(Au,Ag)
 
3
Hg
 
2
1.20Indium
In
1.21Aluminium
Al
1.22Khatyrkite
(Cu,Zn)Al
 
2
1.23Cupalite
(Cu,Zn)Al
1.24Diamond
C
1.25Graphite
C
1.26Chaoite
C
1.27Lonsdaleite
C
1.28Silicon
Si
1.29Tin
Sn
1.30Lead
Pb
1.31Anyuiite
Au(Pb,Sb)
 
2
1.31Novodneprite
AuPb
 
3
1.32Leadamalgam
HgPb
 
2
1.33Arsenic
As
1.34Arsenolamprite
As
1.35Paxite
CuAs
 
2
1.36Koutekite
Cu
 
5
As
 
2
1.37Domeykite
Cu
 
3
As
1.38Algodonite
(Cu
 
1-x
As
 
x
)
1.39Novakite
Cu
 
20
AgAs
 
10
1.40Kutinaite
Cu
 
2
AgAs
1.41Antimony
Sb
1.42Stibarsen
AsSb
1.43Paradocrasite
Sb
 
3
As
1.44Horsfordite
Cu, Sb
1.45Cuprostibite
Cu
 
2
(Sb,Tl)
1.46Allargentum
(Ag
 
1-x
Sb
 
x
)
1.47Aurostibite
AuSb
 
2
1.48Dyscrasite
Ag
 
3
Sb
1.49Bismuth
Bi
1.50Maldonite
Au
 
2
Bi
1.51Sulphur
S
 
8
1.52Rosickýite
S
1.53Selenium
Se
1.54Tellurium
Te
1.56Rhenium
Re
1.57Iron
Fe
1.58Chromferide
Fe
 
3
Cr
 
1-x
 (x=0.6)
1.59Ferchromide
Cr
 
1.5
Fe
 
0.5-x
1.60Wairauite
CoFe
1.61Nickel
Ni
1.62Kamacite
(Fe,Ni)
1.63Taenite
(Fe,Ni)
1.64Tetrataenite
FeNi
1.65Awaruite
Ni
 
3
Fe
1.66Palladium
(Pd,Pt)
1.67Potarite
PdHg
1.68Paolovite
Pd
 
2
Sn
1.69Stannopalladinite
(Pd,Cu)
 
3
Sn
 
2
1.70Cabriite
Pd
 
2
CuSn
1.71Taimyrite
(Pd,Cu,Pt)
 
3
Sn
1.72Atokite
(Pd,Pt)
 
3
Sn
1.73Rustenburgite
(Pt,Pd)
 
3
Sn
1.74Zvyagintsevite
(Pd,Pt,Au)
 
3
(Pb,Sn)
1.75Plumbopalladinite
Pd
 
3
Pb
 
2
1.76Osmium
(Os,Ir,Ru)
1.77Iridium
(Ir,Os,Ru)
1.82Platinum
Pt
1.83Hongshiite
PtCu
1.84Niggliite
PtSn
1.85Isoferroplatinum
Pt
 
3
Fe
1.86Tetraferroplatinum
PtFe
1.87Tulameenite
Pt
 
2
CuFe
1.88Ferronickelplatinum
Pt
 
2
FeNi
1.89Rhodium
(Rh,Pt)

Other Names for Chromium

Synonyms:
IMA1980-094
Other Languages:
Afrikaans:Chroom
Albanian:Kromi
Arabic:كروم
Armenian:Քրոմ
Asturian:Cromu
Azeri:Xrom
Basque:Kromo
Belarusian:Хром
Bengali:ক্রোমিয়াম
Bosnian (Latin Script):Hrom
Bulgarian:Хром
Catalan:Crom
Corsican:Cromu
Croatian:Krom
Czech:Chróm
Danish:Krom
Dutch:Chroom
Esperanto:Kromo
Estonian:Kroom
Finnish:Kromi
French:Chrome
Friulian:Crom
Galician:Cromo
German:Chrom
Greek:Χρώμιο
Haitian:Kwòm
Hebrew:כרום
Hindi:क्रोमियम
Hungarian:Króm
Icelandic:Króm
Ido:Kromio
Indonesian:Kromium
Italian:Cromo
Japanese:クロム
自然クロム
Kannada:ಕ್ರೋಮಿಯಮ್
Korean:크로뮴
Kurdish (Latin Script):Krom
Latin:Chromium
Latvian:Hroms
Lithuanian:Chromas
Lojban:rogjinme
Low Saxon:Chrom
Luxembourgish:Chrom
Macedonian:Хром
Malay:Kromium
Malayalam:ക്രോമിയം
Manx:Cromium
Maori:Konukita
Nahuatl:Tlapāltepoztli
Norwegian (Bokmål):Krom
Norwegian (Nynorsk):Krom
Occitan:Cròme
Persian:کروم
Polish:Chrom
Portuguese:Crômio
Quechua:Krumu
Romanian:Crom
Russian:Хром
Saterland Frisian:Chrom
Serbian (Cyrillic Script):Хром
Serbo-Croatian:Hrom
Sicilian:Cromu
Simplified Chinese:自然铬
Slovak:Chróm
Slovenian:Krom
Spanish:Cromo
Swahili:Chromi
Swedish:Krom
Tamil:குரோமியம்
Thai:โครเมียม
Turkish:Krom
Ukrainian:Хром
Uzbek (Latin Script):Xrom
Vietnamese:Crom

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Chromium

Reference List:

- +
Mingyu Zhu and Yunxiang Liu (1981): Discovery of native chromium in Xizang (Tibet). Chinese Science Bulletin 26(11), 1014-1017.

Yue Suqin, Wang Wenying, and Sun Suqiong (1981): A new mineral--Native chromium. Chinese Science Bulletin [Kexue Tongbao] 26(15), 959-60. - American Mineralogist (1982), 67, 854-55 (abstract).

Internet Links for Chromium

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  • Look for Chromium on Wikipedia
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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Chromium details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Specimens:The following Chromium specimens are currently listed for sale on minfind.com.
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    • Localities for Chromium

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Northern Territory
      • Illogwa Creek
    		Illogwa 1996
    China
     
    • Henan Province
      • Nanyang Prefecture
        • Tongbai Co.
    		Peixue Tian, Qingsong Fang, Keqiao Chen, and Zhizhong Peng (1983): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 3(4), 241-245
    • Jiangsu Province
      • Lianyungang Prefecture
        • Donghai Co.
          • Maobei
    		Jingsui Yang, Zhiqin Xu, Wenji Bai, Qingsong Fang, and Zhongming Zhang (2006): 3rd Annual Meeting of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS), July 10-14, 2006, Abstract 59-SE-A0643.
    • Shandong Province
      • Linyi Prefecture
        • Yimeng Mts (Yimeng Shan)
          • Mengyin Co.
            • Mengyin Kimberlite field
              • Changma Kimberlite belt
                • Wangcun deposit
    		Gorshkov, A.I., Titkov, S.V., Yan Nan Bao, Ryabchikov, I.D., and Magazina, L.O. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 326-334.
    • Sichuan Province
      • Garzê (Ganzi) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Danba Co.
          • Yangliuping Cu-Ni-PGE ore field
    		Yue Suqin, Wang Wenying, and Sun Suqiong (1981): Chinese Science Bulletin [Kexue Tongbao] 26(15), 959-960
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Nagchu (Naqu) Prefecture
        • Amdo (Anduo) Co.
    		Mingyu Zhu and Yunxiang Liu (1981): Chinese Science Bulletin 26(11), 1014-1017
      • Shannan (Lhokha; Lhoka) Prefecture
        • Qusum (Qusong) Co.
    		Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Bodaibo
            • Lena Gold District
              • Kropotkinsky ore cluster
    		http://www.igem.ru/igem/chem/pt/sukhloge.htm
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Daldyn-Alakit kimberlite field
          • Daldyn
    		[AmMin 84:993]
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Orenburgskaya Oblast'
          • Kumak ore field
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    The Moon
     
    • Mare Crisium
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2012. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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