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Fluocerite-(Ce)

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Hundholmen, Tysfjord, Nordland, Norway
© Knut Eldjarn

Show Fluocerite-(Ce) Photos (14)
Formula:
(Ce,La)F
 
3
System:HexagonalColour:Light yellow; darkening ...
Hardness:4½ - 5
Name:In allusion to its composition containing FLUOrine and CERium, plus the "-(Ce)" suffix due to cerium being the dominant rare earth element (REE).


The cerium analogue of Fluocerite-(La).

Classification of Fluocerite-(Ce)

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:3/A.10-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:3.AC.15

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
C : M:X = 1:3
Dana 8th edition ID:9.3.4.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
3 : AX3
Hey's CIM Ref.:8.7.1

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
7 : Halides of the rare earth metals
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Type Occurrence of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Co-type Localities:Broddbo, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden
Finnbo (Finbo), Falun, Dalarna, Sweden

Physical Properties of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Light yellow; darkening to yellow- and red-brown; colourless to pale pink (transmitted light)
Streak:Off-white
Hardness (Mohs):4½ - 5
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
{0001} distinct; {11_20} indistinct.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Splintery, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):5.93 - 6.14 g/cm3

Crystallography of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 7.124Å, c = 7.28Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.022
Unit Cell Volume:V 319.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals prismatic [0001] or tabular {0001}. Massive, coarsely granular.

Optical Data of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.612 - 1.618 nε = 1.607 - 1.611
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.005 - 0.007

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Formula:
(Ce,La)F
 
3
Essential elements:Ce, F
All elements listed in formula:Ce, F, La

Relationship of Fluocerite-(Ce) to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
3.AC.05Zharchikhite
AlF(OH)
 
2
3.AC.10Molysite
FeCl
 
3
3.AC.15Fluocerite-(La)
(La,Ce)F
 
3
3.AC.20Gananite
BiF
 
3
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
8.7.2Fluocerite-(La)
(La,Ce)F
 
3
8.7.3Tveitite-(Y)
(Y, Na)
 
6
Ca
 
6
Ca
 
6
F
 
42
8.7.4Gagarinite-(Y)
NaCaY(F,Cl)
 
6

Other Names for Fluocerite-(Ce)

Other Languages:
German:Neutrales Fluorcerium
Russian:Флюоцерит-(Ce)
Swedish:Neutralt Fluss-spatsyrat Cerium

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in H2SO4 but virtually unaffected by HCl or HNO3.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Fluocerite-(Ce)

Reference List:Berzelius (1818): 6: 56 (as Neutralt flussspatssyradt).

Allen and Comstock (1880) American Journal of Science: 19: 390.

Hillebrand (1899) American Journal of Science: 7: 51.

Flink (1910) Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi, Stockholm: 3: 1.

Koechlin (1912) Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Vienna: 31: 528.

Geijer (1921) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 43: 19.

Oftedal (1931) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: Abteilung B: 13: 190.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 48.

Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994): 529.

Mineralogical Record (1990): 21: 429.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1997) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume III. Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 628pp.: 203.

American Mineralogist (1987): 72: 1031 (Appendix 2).

Internet Links for Fluocerite-(Ce)

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    Localities for Fluocerite-(Ce)

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Mt Babbage area (Inlier)
    		Wulser PA et al. U-Th-REE mobility in and around the Mt Painter & Mt Babbage inliers, Northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia. 2005, Abstracts Geol. Soc. Austra. Vol.78
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Ouro Preto
          • Dom Bosco (old Hargreaves)
    		Hussak and Prior (1900) Mineralogical Magazine: 12: 244.
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Zhangjiakou Prefecture
    		Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): \"Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China\", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp.
    Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): \"Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China\", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp.
    Finland
     
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
    		Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland (1988): 60(1): 45-53.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); KOLITSCH, U., GRÖBNER, J. & BAYERL, R. (1995): Die Mineralien der Silber-Antimon-Vererzungen der Grube Clara im Zeitraum 1993 bis 1995. - Erzgräber 9 (2), 61-77. ; KOLITSCH, U. & GÖTZINGER, M. (2000): Einige Neufunde aus der Grube Clara im mittleren Schwarzwald: Eulytin, Namibit, Volborthit, Gearksutit, Spertiniit, Monazit-(La), Protasit, Sainfeldit, Cyanotrichit und Vauquelinit. - Erzgräber 14, 33-47.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Altenberg
    		Mineralien-Welt, (2), 17-39.
    Nigeria
     
    • Nasarawa
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41-46.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Iveland
        • Birkeland
    		Neumann, H. & Bergstøl, S. (1963): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway No.17. Cerianite from cleavelandite pegmatite dykes in Iveland. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 43,247-255
    Frigstad, O. F. (1999): Amazonittpegmatitter i Iveland-Evje. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 15: 60-73.
        • Kåbuland
    		Neumann, H. & Bergstøl, S. (1963): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway No.17. Cerianite from cleavelandite pegmatite dykes in Iveland. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 43,247-255 + Neumann (1985, p. 51).
    • Nordland
      • Tysfjord
        • Drag
    		Neumann (1959, p. 233 and 1985, p. 51).
    D. Harries collection, analysed
    Neumann (1959, p. 233); G. Raade (1972, pers. com.); Neumann (1985, p. 51).
    • Telemark
      • Drangedal
        • Tørdal
    		Sverdrup, T.L., Sæbø,P.Chr. & Bryn, K.Ö. (1965): Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway No. 31. Tysonite (fluocerite), a new mineral for Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 45: 177-188
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
    		P.M. Karashov data
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Kromdraai 209 JR farm
    		S. Weinert (2006) Locality Data Sheet ML35 (South African Micromount Society); Rocks & Minerals 83:5 pp 410-421
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Kenhardt District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
    		Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 1, 119; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49; Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41. Kjellman (unpublished)
      • Säter
        • Gustavs
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49.
    USA
     
    • California
        • Ivanpah Mts
          • Ivanpah District (Copper World District)
            • Ivanpah
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Dailey District (Jones Pass District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • El Paso Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
        • Mount Rosa
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • South Platte Pegmatite District
    		Mineralogical Record: 21: 429; Rocks & Minerals: 64: 471.
      • Teller Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals: 63: 457.
    • New Hampshire
      • Carroll Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals (1990): 65: 295.
      • Grafton Co.
        • Bethlehem
    		Nashua Min. Soc. Disp. Cat., 1995
    • New York
    		John H. Betts (2009) \"The minerals of New York City\", Rocks & Minerals, 84, 204-240.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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