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Galaxite

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Big Photo

Nordmark (Nordmarksberg), Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
© Kjell Gatedal

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Formula:
(Mn,Fe,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
O
 
4
System:IsometricColour:Red, brown
Hardness:7½
Member of:Spinel Group
Name:The type locality is near Galax, Alleghany Co., North Carolina, USA.


Spinel Group, Al series.

Classification of Galaxite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/B.01-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.BB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:7.2.1.2

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.19.5

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
19 : Oxides of Mn and Fe
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Type Occurrence of Galaxite

Type Locality:Bald Knob Deposit (Primary Ore Body; Crouse Knob Deposit), Bald Knob, Sparta, Alleghany Co., North Carolina, USA
Year of Discovery:1932

Physical Properties of Galaxite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Red, brown
Streak:Brownish red
Hardness (Mohs):7½
Tenacity:Brittle
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (calculated):4.03 g/cm3

Crystallography of Galaxite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Fd3m {F41/d 3 2/m}
Cell Parameters:a = 8.271Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 565.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Massive.

Optical Data of Galaxite

Type:Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Galaxite

Formula:
(Mn,Fe,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
O
 
4
Essential elements:Al, Mn, O
All elements listed in formula:Al, Fe, Mg, Mn, O

Relationship of Galaxite to other Species

Member of:Spinel Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Chromite
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
Franklinite
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Gahnite
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
Hercynite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
O
 
4
Jacobsite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Magnesiochromite
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
Magnesioferrite
MgFe
3+
2
O
 
4
Magnetite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
Spinel
MgAl
 
2
O
 
4
Trevorite
Ni
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.BB.05Brunogeierite
(Ge,Fe)Fe
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Chromite
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cochromite
(Co,Ni,Fe)(Cr,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Coulsonite
Fe
2+
 
V
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cuprospinel
Cu
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Filipstadite
(Mn,Mg)
 
2
(Sb
 
.5
Fe
 
.5
)O
 
4
4.BB.05Franklinite
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Gahnite
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Hercynite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Jacobsite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Manganochromite
(Mn,Fe)(Cr,V)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesiocoulsonite
MgV
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesiochromite
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesioferrite
MgFe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnetite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Nichromite
(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
4.BB.05Spinel
MgAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Trevorite
Ni
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Ulvöspinel
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
4
4.BB.05Vuorelainenite
(Mn,Fe)(V,Cr)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Zincochromite
ZnCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hausmannite
MnMn
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hydrohetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
4.BB.10Iwakiite
Mn(Fe,Mn)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.15Maghemite
Fe
3+
2
O
 
3
4.BB.15Titanomaghemite
Fe
3+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,◻)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.20Tegengrenite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Sb
5+
0.5
(Mn
3+
 
,Si,Ti)
 
0.5
O
 
4
4.BB.25Xieite
Fe
2+
 
Cr
 
2
O
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
7.19.1Bixbyite
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
3
7.19.2Janggunite
Mn
 
5-x
(Mn,Fe)
 
1+x
O
 
8
(OH)
 
6
7.19.3Jacobsite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
7.19.4Vernadite
(Mn
4+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Ca,Na)(O,OH)
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.19.6Filipstadite
(Mn,Mg)
 
2
(Sb
 
.5
Fe
 
.5
)O
 
4
7.19.7Manganochromite
(Mn,Fe)(Cr,V)
 
2
O
 
4
7.19.8Zenzénite
Pb
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
4
Mn
 
3
O
 
13

Other Names for Galaxite

Synonyms:
Manganspinel
Other Languages:
German:Galaxit
Russian:Галаксит
Spanish:Galaxita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Galaxite

Reference List:

- +
Krenner (1907), Zs. Kr.: 43: 471.

Ross and Kerr (1932), American Mineralogist (1932): 17: 1-8, 15.

Essene, E.J. and Peacor, D.R. (1983) Crystal chemistry and petrology of coexisting galaxite and jacobsite and other spinel solutions and solvi. American Mineralogist: 68: 449-455.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume I: 689-697.

European Journal of Mineralogy: 9: 31-42.

Internet Links for Galaxite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Galaxite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Galaxite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Maroldsweisach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Ghana
     
    • Western Region
      • Tarkwa
    		Mineralium Deposita Volume 34 Issue 3 (1999) pp 297-311
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi Prefecture
          • Kita-Shidara-gun
            • Shidara-cho
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.; Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
        • Fukui Prefecture
          • Mikata-kaminaka-gun
            • Wakasa-cho
    		Kato, A. (2010) Mumeikai Group meeting, No. 30.
        • Gifu Prefecture
    		Donald E. Lee (1955)
      • Chugoku Region
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
    		H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 61.
          • Iwakuni City
    		Lee, D. E. (1955)
          • Kudamatsu City
    		Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
    Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
    Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
      • Kanto Region
        • Gunma Prefecture
    		Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
    Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
        • Tochigi Prefecture
          • Kanuma City
    Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
    H. Yoshimura (1952)
      • Kinki Region
        • Kyoto Prefecture
          • Sohraku-gun
        • Shiga Prefecture
    		Katsu Kaneko (1956) Symposium del Manganeso, XX Congreso Geologico Internacional, Mexico D.F.
      • Tohoku Region
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Kuji City
            • Yamagata
    		Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
          • Noda
    		Katsu Kaneko (1956) Symposium del Manganeso, XX Congreso Geologico Internacional, Mexico D.F.
          • Shimohei-gun
            • Yamada
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Kyushu Region
      • Miyazaki Prefecture
    		Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
    Namibia
     
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Grootfontein District
        • Kombat
    		Mineralogical Record: 22: 421.
    Romania
     
    • Suceava Co.
      • Suceava district
    		http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    Russia
     
    World of Stones #10.
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
            • Sedel'nikovo
    		Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000) Rhodonite deposits of Middle Ural, - S.-Peterburg Univercity press, p. 200 (in Rus.).
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Kjell Gatedal
        • Nordmark (Nordmarksberg)
    		Min.Mag.(1978) 42, 133-136
    Kjell Gatedal
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Engadin
        • Piz Corvatsch
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 175-176.
      • Hinterrhein Valley
        • Rheinwald
          • Splügen
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 176.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Turtmann Valley
        • Pipjitälli
    		The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 44, pp. 000 (2006) page 205
      • Zermatt - Saas Fee area
        • Matt Valley
          • Täsch Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 30-31
    Thailand
     
    • Kanchanaburi Province
      • Bo Phloi
    United Arab Emirates
     
    • Fujayrah (Fujairah) Emirate
      • Semail Ophiolite
    		Gnos, E. and Peters, T. (1995) Tephroite-hausmannite-galaxite from a granulite-facies manganese rock of the United Arab Emirates. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 120: 372-377.
    USA
     
    • North Carolina
      • Alleghany Co.
        • Sparta
          • Bald Knob
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:130-135.
      • Clay Co.
    		Forsyth Gem and Mineral Club
    • Virginia
      • Carroll Co.
        • Southern Section-Blue Ridge Province
          • Gossan Lead District
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Pittsylvania Co.
        • James River-Roanoke River Mn-Fe-Ba District
    		AmMin 87:690-698 (2002)
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2011. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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