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Amblygonite

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Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA

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Formula:
LiAl(PO
 
4
)F
System:TriclinicColour:Milk-white, yellow, ...
Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy, PearlyHardness:5½ - 6
Member of:Amblygonite Group
Name:Named by August Breithaupt in 1817 from the Greek αμβλύς ("amvlys") for "blunt" and γωνία ("gonia") for "angle," referring to the fact that its cleavage angle slightly differs from 90°, distinguishing it from scapolite for which it was originally mistaken.
Isostructural with:Montebrasite


Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series. Fluorine analogue of Montebrasite.

Occurs chiefly in granite pegmatites of the lithium- and phosphate-rich type. Crystals may be enormous in size.
NOTE: Most "amblygonite" from granite pegmatites, especially from crystal pockets, are in fact montebrasite.

Classification of Amblygonite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.02-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BB.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.5.8.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.1.1

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
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Type Occurrence of Amblygonite

Type Locality:Chursdorf, Penig, Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:Massive
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany, 20336
Year of Discovery:1817
Geological Setting of type material:Granite pegmatite
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TourmalineTopaz

Occurrences of Amblygonite

Geological Setting:Zoned granite pegmatites, high-temperature tin veins, greisens.

Physical Properties of Amblygonite

Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Slightly pearly on well-developed cleavages.
Colour:Milk-white, yellow, beige, salmon-pink, pale green, light blue, grey; colourless in transmitted light.
Comment:Almost always white to slightly gray-white; yellow specimens may be montebrasite
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {100} perfect; {110} good; {011}, distinct; {001}, imperfect.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Comment:Breaks into blocky pieces and may superficially resemble beryl, petalite, and other species.
Density (measured):3.04 - 3.11 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.11 g/cm3
Comment:Amblygonite end-member value is ~ 3.11.

Crystallography of Amblygonite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Space Group Setting:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 6.644Å, b = 7.744Å, c = 6.91Å
α = 90.35°, β = 117.33°, γ = 91.01°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.858 : 1 : 0.892
Unit Cell Volume:V 315.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Crude crystals, typically equant to short prismatic [010], with complex form development, to 1.5 meters; also occurs as large cleavable masses; columnar; compact. Free-standing amblygonite crystals from crystal pockets are rare. Most pocket crystals are hydroxyl-rich montebrasite.
Twinning:On {111}, common, with composition plane {111} with the resulting twins commonly tabular parallel to {111} and the twinned individuals of about equal size; also tabular {110} and the twinned individuals of very unequal size. Also twins on {111}, rare; lamellar. Microscopic polysynthetic twinning is common.
Comment:Unit cell variability reported in Cerna, Cerrny, and Ferguson (1973)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
4.642 (80)
3.87 (80)
3.300 (50)
3.237 (60)
3.151 (100)
2.955 (80)
2.384 (50)
1.935 (60)
1.728 (50)
Comments:ICDD 22-1138. Sample from Chursdorf, Germany. Composition may be estimated +/- 5% of the weight percent F from position of diffraction peaks associated with d {101} (Cerna et al., 1973).

Optical Data of Amblygonite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.577 - 1.591 nβ = 1.592 - 1.605 nγ = 1.596 - 1.613
2V:Measured: 107° to 129.5°
Birefringence:0.020
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.019 - 0.022

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic
Comments:Refractive Index lowers with increased Fluorine substitution. (Greiner and Bloss, 1987).

Chemical Properties of Amblygonite

Formula:
LiAl(PO
 
4
)F
Essential elements:Al, F, Li, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Al, F, Li, O, P
Analytical Data:Sample from Chursdorf, Germany, by electron microprobe
P2O5 (48.44)
Al2O3 (33.90)
Li2O (10.12)
F (13.06)
H2O (0.00)
-O = F2 (5.50)
Empirical Formula:
Li
 
1.00
Al
 
0.98
[F
 
1.02
|(PO
 
4
)
 
1.01
]

Relationship of Amblygonite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Montebrasite (see here)
Member of:Amblygonite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Montebrasite
LiAl(PO
 
4
)(OH)
Tavorite
LiFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
Common Associates:
TriphyliteTourmalineTopazSpodumenePollucite
PetaliteMica GroupLithiophiliteLepidoliteFluorapatite
Cassiterite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BB.05Montebrasite
LiAl(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.05Tavorite
LiFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.10Triplite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
8.BB.10Zwieselite
Fe
2+
 
Mn
2+
 
(PO
 
4
)F
8.BB.15Sarkinite
Mn
2+
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Triploidite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Wagnerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
8.BB.15Wolfeite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Stanĕkite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Fe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)O
8.BB.15Joosteite
Mn
2+
 
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)(PO
 
4
)O
8.BB.15Hydroxylwagnerite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.20Holtedahlite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.20Satterlyite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH,O)
8.BB.25Althausite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
8.BB.30Adamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Eveite
Mn
2+
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Libethenite
Cu
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Olivenite
Cu
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Zincolibethenite
CuZn(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Zincolivenite
CuZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Auriacusite
Fe
3+
 
Cu
2+
 
(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BB.35Paradamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.35Tarbuttite
Zn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.40Barbosalite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Hentschelite
CuFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Lazulite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Scorzalite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Wilhelmkleinite
ZnFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.45Trolleite
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BB.50Namibite
Cu(BiO)
 
2
(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.55Phosphoellenbergerite
Mg
 
14
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(HPO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
8.BB.60Urusovite
CuAl(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BB.65Theoparacelsite
Cu
 
3
(As
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
8.BB.70Turanite
Cu
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.75Stoiberite
Cu
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
8.BB.80Fingerite
Cu
 
11
(VO
 
4
)
 
6
O
 
2
8.BB.85Averievite
Cu
 
6
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
Cl
 
2
8.BB.90Lipscombite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.90Richellite
CaFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
8.BB.90Zinclipscombite
ZnFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.1.2Lacroixite
NaAl(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.3Natrophosphate
Na
 
7
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
F · 19H
 
2
O
22.1.5Nacaphite
Na
 
2
Ca(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.6Arctite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.7Nefedovite
Na
 
5
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
F
22.1.9Fluorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.10Herderite
CaBePO
 
4
(F,OH)
22.1.11Isokite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.12Panasqueiraite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
22.1.13Babefphite
BaBePO
 
4
(F,OH)
22.1.14Fluellite
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)F
 
2
 · 7H
 
2
O
22.1.15Minyulite
KAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F) · 4H
 
2
O
22.1.16Morinite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
22.1.17Bøggildite
Na
 
2
Sr
 
2
Al
 
2
PO
 
4
F
 
9
22.1.18Fluorstrophite
SrCaSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.19Viitaniemiite
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
3
22.1.20Väyrynenite
Mn
2+
 
BePO
 
4
(OH,F)
22.1.21Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)F
22.1.22Wagnerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.23Triplite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
22.1.24Magniotriplite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
PO
 
4
F
22.1.25Zwieselite
Fe
2+
 
Mn
2+
 
(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.26Mcauslanite
HFe
2+
3
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
F · 18H
 
2
O
22.1.27Richellite
CaFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
22.1.28Svabite
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.29Tilasite
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)F
22.1.30Johnbaumite-M
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
OH
22.1.31Durangite
NaAl(AsO
 
4
)F

Other Names for Amblygonite

Other Languages:
Basque:Anbligonita
Czech:Amblygonit
Dutch:Amblygoniet
German:Amblygonit
Italian:Ambligonite
Polish:Ambligonit
Portuguese:Ambligonita
Russian:Амблигонит
Simplified Chinese:锂磷铝石
Spanish:Amblygonita
Swedish:Amblygonit
Ukrainian:Амблігоніт
Varieties:
Hebronite

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:May fluoresce faint to medium cream yellow in SW and LW. Often shows patchy response.
Other Information:Soluble with difficulty in acids. Colours a flame red.

Alters to mixtures of smectite or kaolinite and mica group, often as alterations rimming or surrounding rounded nodules of unaltered material. Also alters to lacroixite, Turquoise, Wavellite, Wardite, and Morinite.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Amblygonite

Reference List:

- +
Breithaupt, A. (1818): Amblygonit.- C.A.S. Hoffmann´s Handbuch der Mineralogie, Vol. 4.2.- Freiberg, Verl. Craz & Gerlach, p. 159-161.

Des Cloizeaux (1863) Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 57: 357.

Des Cloizeaux (1871) Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 73: 306 (as Montebrasite).

von Kobell (1872) Akademie der Wissenschaften, Munich, Sitzber.: 284 (as Hebronite).

Pisani (1873) Annales des mines: 29: 82.

Penfield (1879) American Journal of Science: 18: 295.

Lacroix, A. (1910) Minéralogie de la France et des ses colonies, Paris. 5 volumes: vol. 4: 416.

Backlund (1918) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 40: 757.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 76.

Hintze, Carl (1924) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [4A]: 626.

Landes, Kenneth K. (1925) On the Paragenesis of Granite Pegmatites in Central Maine, American Mineralogist: 10: 403, 410.

Winchell (1926) American Mineralogist: 11: 246.

Sekanina (1933) Spisy přiřo. fak. Masarykovy Univ., no. 180.

Quensel (1937) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 59: 455.

Strunz (1939) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 248.

Richmond (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 473.

Tengnér (1940) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 62: 332.

Palache, C., Richmond and Wolfe (1943) American Mineralogist: 28: 39.

Pehrman (1945) Acta Ac. Aboensis, math Phys.: 15, no. 2.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 823.

Moss, A.A., E.E. Fejer & P.G. Embrey (1969), On the X-ray identification of amblygonite and montebrasite: Mineral. Magazine: 37: 412-422.

Cerna, I, Cerny, P., and Ferguson, R., 1973, The Fluorine Content and Some Physical Properties of the Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series, American Mineralogist, v. 58, p. 291-301.

Greiner, D. and Bloss, F., 1987, Amblygonite-Montebrasite Optics: Response to (OH-) Orientation and Rapid Estimation of F from 2V, American Mineralogist, v 72:617-624.

American Mineralogist: 75: 992-1008.

King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, The Amblygonite/Montebrasite Controversy, Mineralogy of Maine, volume 1, p. 15-17, 240-244.

Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh & Nichols (2000), Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV.

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    • Localities for Amblygonite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Badakhshan Province (Badakshan Province; Badahsan Province)
      • Yaftali Sufla District
        • Koksha Valley (Kokscha Valley; Kokcha Valley)
          • Talbuzanak pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    • Nuristan Province (Nurestan Province; Nooristan Province; Nuristan)
      • Bargi Matal District
        • Pachigram (Pachighram) pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
      • Nuristan District
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Angola
     
    • Namibe Province
      • Giraul pegmatite field
    		Antonio Olimpio Gonçalves, Joan Carles Melgarejo, Pura Alfonso Abella (2009) SEQUENCE OF CRYSTALLISATION OF PEGMATITES: THE ANGOLA CASE. Estudos Geológicos v. 19 (2), pp 35-39
    Argentina
     
    • Catamarca
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:636-647
    Econ Geol (1995) 90:636-647
    • Córdoba
      • San Alberto Department
        • Pampa de Achala
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2006) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 2, p 428 (Asociación Mineralógica Argentina)
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Farnell Co.
        • Byjerkerno Parish
    		Lishmund, S.R., 1982. Non Metallic and Tin Deposits of the Broken Hill District. Geological Survey of New South Wales Bulletin No.28
    • Western Australia
      • Coolgardie Shire
    		Lapis 29(1), 7-9 (2004)
      • Greenbushes Tinfield
    		Am Min 90:1167-1176
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce valley
        • Divino das Laranjeiras
          • Linópolis
    		Cassedanne, J.P. (1983): Famous mineral localities: The Córrego Frio mine and vicinity, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 14 (4): 227-237 [ p.233-4]
        • Galiléia
          • Laranjeiras
    		[MinRec 12:69]
      • Jequitinhonha valley
        • Itinga
          • Monte Belo
    		[MinRec 12:74]
          • Taquaral
    		Van King
    Burma (Myanmar)
     
    • Mandalay Division
      • Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
        • Mogok Township
    		No reference listed
    American Mineralogist (2008) 93:1545-1549
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 439–450, 2009
      • Red Cross Lake
    		Xianjue Wang, Xiaolin Xiong, and Cerny, P. (2002): Geochimica 5, 481-486
    • Nova Scotia
      • Lunenburg Co.
        • New Ross
    		Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World
    http://is2.dal.ca/~dommelen/NewRoss.html.; Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Zhenghe Co.
          • Nanping pegmatite field
    		Can Rao, Rucheng Wang, and Huan Hu (2009): Geological Journal of China Universities 15(4), 496-505.
    • Henan Province
      • Sanmenxia Prefecture
        • Lushi Co.
          • Guanpo
    		Ruiling He and Enkui Cao (1985): Geology of Shaanxi 3(2), 39-46.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Yichun Prefecture
        • Yuanzhou District
          • Yichun complex (Yashan batholith)
    		Lin Yin, Pollard, P.J., Hu Shouxi, and Taylor, R.G. (1995): Economic Geology 90(3), 577-585; Xudong Che, Rucheng Wang, Huan Hu, Wenlan Zhang, and Xiaolong Huang (2007): Acta Petrologica Sinica 23(6), 1552-1560
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
    		Povondra, P., Pivec, E. (eds.) et al.: Přibyslavice peraluminuous granite. Acta universitatis carolinae, Geologica, 1987, no. 3, s . 183 – 283.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Aš (Asch)
    		Breiter K., Škoda R., Veselovský F.: Neobvyklý P-, Li- a Sn-bohatý pegmatit z Vernéřova u Aše, Česká republika. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 1, s. 41-59.
        • Lázně Kynžvart (Bad Königswart)
    		Černý, P., Veselovský, F.: Pegmatit Bílý kámen (Weisser Stein) u Kynžvartu. Minerál, 2000, roč. 8, č. 1, s. 10-16.
      • South Bohemia Region
        • Český Krumlov
    		Welser, P. et al.: Lithný pegmatit Nová Ves. Minerál, Special volume, 2007, roč. 15.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • South Moravia Region
        • Znojmo
    		Cech (1961) Occurrence of stokesite in Czechoslovakia. Mineralogical Magazine: 32: 673-675.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Jihlava (Iglau)
    		Staněk, J.: Příspěvky k mineralogii některých západomoravských pegmatitů. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, 1952, roč. 37, s. 112-125.
        • Velké Meziříčí
    		Novák, M., Staněk, J.: Lepidolitový pegmatit od Dobré Vody u Velkého Meziříčí, západní Morava. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 1999, roč. 84, s. 3 - 44.
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
          • Frysava
    		Kruťa, T.: Nový lithný pegmatit na západní Moravě. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1976, roč. 21, č. 2, s. 204.
    Novák, M.: Amblygonit a produkty jeho přeměny v Li pegmatitu z Rožné. Minerál, 2001, roč. 9, č. 5, s. 326-327
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Sud-Kivu
      • Lusungu River District
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
      • Kenticha pegmatite field
    		Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.
    Finland
     
    • Southwestern Finland Region
      • Kemiö (Kimito) Island
    		Aarne Laitakari, ”Index of Finnish Minerals with bibliography” , Bull. de la Commission Géologique de Finlande No 230, Otaniemi 1967
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Kuortane
    		H-J Wilke (1976) Mineralfundstellen, Band 4, Skandinavien
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		Sandström, F. & Lahti, S.I. (2009): Viitaniemipegmatiten i Eräjärvi, Orivesi, Finland. Litiofilen 26 (1): 11-38
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969); NICOLAS, J. & de ROSEN, A. (1963): Le massif granitique des Colettes (Allier) et ses mineralizations. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 86, 126-128. ; Econ Geol (1995) 90:548-576
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Plonéour-Lanvern
    		L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and J. Cotten, Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, 855-858.
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Soumans
          • Montebras
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826, 941.; RRUFF Project Specimen ID: R040067
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Bessines-sur-Gartempe
    		http://perso.wanadoo.fr/jeldemine/listes%20mineraux.html
        • Razès
          • Chanteloube
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
    		Boisson, J. M. (1988) - Les monts d'Ambazac, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (2), 3-33.
        • Saint-Sylvestre
    		"Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
    French Guiana
     
    Sinkankas, 1989. Emerald & Other Beryls.
    Germany
     
    • Saxony
      • Chemnitz
        • Penig
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001, 146
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols (2000) "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4.
    A. Breithaupt (1818): Amblygonit.- C.A.S. Hoffmann´s Handbuch der Mineralogie, Band 4.2.- Freiberg, Verl. Craz & Gerlach, p. 159-161; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826.
      • Erzgebirge
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826; Vollstädt, H., R. Baumgärtel: "Einheimische Edelsteine", 2nd. ed., Steinkopff (Dresden), 1977
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Limbach-Oberfrohna
        • Pegmatite occurrences
    		HAAKE, R., FLACH, S. & BODE, R. (1994): Mineralien und Fundstellen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Teil II. 1st ed., 244 pp., Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, Germany.
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Campo nell'Elba
            • San Piero in Campo
    		R. von Görgey (1908) - Amblygonit aus dem Turmalinpegmatit der Grube Fonte del Prete bei S. Piero in Campo. - Tscherm. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 26.
    Japan
     
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ambatofinandrahana District
          • Itremo massif
    		Ackermand et al. (2006): Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance. in Proceedings of the Malagasy-German Research Cooperation in Life and Earth sciences, 5-18
    Ackermand et al.(2006): "Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance" in Proceedings of the Malagasy-German Research Cooperation in Life and Earth sciences, 5-18
        • Ambositra District
          • Ilaka Centre Commune
            • Col des Tapias
    		Behier, J. (1960): Travaux mineralogiques. In Besaire, H. (ed): Rapport Annuel du Service Geologique pour 1960. Republique Madagascar, Tananarive. 181-199
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana District
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 13-14
      • Matsiatra Region
        • Ikalamavony Pegmatite Field
          • Ikalamavony District
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 13
    Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 13
    Mozambique
     
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Brabant Farm 168
    		Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern, 409 pp. (in English)
        • Davib East Farm 61 (Davib Ost farm)
    		Min Rec (2006) 37:361-470
        • Etiro Farm 50
    		http://portal.unesco.org/es/file_download.php/520f77b01696f95e88bb9e1ab0e64196Gondwana+Park+draft2corr.pdf.
    Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern, 418 pp. (in English)
        • Okongava-Ost Farm 72
    		Mining Ann. Review(1985):423.
    Keller, P. (1991): The occurrence of Li-Fe-Mn phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites of Namibia. Communs. Geol. Surv. Namibia, 7, 21-34.
        • Otjua Farm 37
    		Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern, pp. 413-415 (in English)
      • Swakopmund District
        • Cape Cross area
    		http://www.mineral.tu-freiberg.de/econgeology/lehre/namibia/snlipegm/snlipegm_2_4.html
    • Kunene Region
      • Damaraland District
        • Uis (Groot Uis)
    North Korea
     
    • Kangwon Province
      • Ulchin-gun
        • Wangbi-ri
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • South Hamgyong Province
      • Munchon-gun
        • Pungha-myon
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    Portugal
     
    • Castelo Branco District
      • Covilhã
        • Panasqueira
          • Couto Mineiro da Panasqueira
    		No reference listed
      • Fundão
        • Barco
    		B. Charoy et al. , Eur.Journ. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 335-352.
    • Guarda District
      • Guarda
        • Vela
    		Pedro Alves collection;
      • Trancoso
        • Cótimos
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Verkhoyansk
          • Yana River Basin
            • Yana-Adycha Region
              • Arga-Ynnakh-Khai granite Massif
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
    		Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45.
      • Gatumba District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV; Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 613-615
    Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45.
    Hatert, F., Lefèvre, P., Fransolet, A.-M., Spirlet, M.-R., Rebbouh, L., Fontan, F., and Keller, P., 2005. Ferrorosemaryite, NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3, a new phosphate mineral from the Rubindi pegmatite, Rwanda. European Journal of Mineralogy 17, 749-759.
    Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45.
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Steinkopf
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    • Extremadura
      • Cáceres
        • Cáceres
    		http://www.mtiblog.com/2009/10/en-valdeflorez-termino-municipal-de.html
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
      • Utö
    		Langhof, J., Jonson, E, Gustafsson, L. & Otter, B. (1998): Utö- en klassisk svensk mineralfyndort. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 14, 29-31
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826.
    • Uppland
      • Sigtuna
        • Arlanda
    		No reference listed
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		Grensman, F & Langhof, J.(1991):Åkerberget. Guldgruva med litiumpegmatite. STEIN 18(2),20-22
    No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Breage
            • Rinsey
    		No reference listed
      • Devon
        • Okehampton area (Northern Dartmoor)
    		http://www.mineralman.f9.co.uk/quarries/meldon.htm
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Morristown area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 108.
        • San Domingo District
          • Wickenburg area
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 430; Jahns, Richard H. (1952), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 162.
          • San Domingo Wash
            • Morning Star Mine (Morning Star prospects; Morning Star pegmatites)
    		Jahns, R.H. (1952), Pegmatite deposits of the White Picacho District, Maricopa and Yavapai Cos., AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 162: 80-81.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • White Picacho District
          • Independence Gulch
    		London, D. and Burt, D., 1982, Alteration of spodumene, Montebrasite and Lithiophilite in Pegmatites of the White Picacho District, Arizona, American Mineralogist, v 67, p. 97-113.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Cahuilla District
          • Cahuilla
            • Cahuilla Mountain (Coahuila Mtn)
    		Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: p. 121-22.
    Rocks & Minerals, May, 1998
      • San Bernardino Co.
    		Bradley, W.W. (1938), Thirty-fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 34: 106; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 63.
      • San Diego Co.
        • Banner District
          • Banner
            • Granite Mountain
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 121.
          • Rodriguez Canyon
    		Mudoch, J. and Webb, R. W. 1948. Minerals of California, Bulletin 136. State of California, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mines, pages 39, 192.
        • Mesa Grande District
          • Gem Hill
    		Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37; pages 133-135.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
    		Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 40; Moss, A. A., Fejer, E. E., and Embrey, P. G. (1969), On the X-ray identification of amblygonite and montebrasite. Mineralogical Magazine: 37: 415; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 310.
    Rocks & Minerals: May, 1999.
    Dawson, N. E. (1963), Development of the White Queen Mine. Lapidary Journal Magazine, Volume 17, Number 5: pages 522-525, photographs.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 30.
    U.S. Geological Survey (2005), Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Kunz, G. F. (1905), Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: 124-125.
        • Rincon District
          • Rincon
            • Rincon Mountain
    		Rogers, A. F. (1910), Minerals From The Pegmatite Veins Of Rincon, San Diego Co., California. Columbia University School Of Mines Quarterly Journal Of Applied Science, Vol. 31 pp. 208-218.
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Eight Mile Park pegmatite District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; USGS Prof. Paper 227
      • Gunnison Co.
    		Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 26 (Table A-1).
        • Quartz Creek Pegmatite District
    		USGS Prof. Paper 227
      • Larimer Co.
        • Crystal Mountain Pegmatite District (Storm Mountain District)
    		Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
            • Strickland pegmatite
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press); Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358; USGS Prof Paper 255
    • Maine
    		Gems and Minerals of America - Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
        • Auburn
          • West Mount Apatite District
    		Wilson, W. E. (1977): Famous mineral localities: The Pulsifer Quarry. Mineralogical Record 8 (2), 72-77; Rocks and Minerals, (1997) 72:44-48
      • Oxford Co.
        • Buckfield
    		Guidebook 1 to Mineral Collecting in the Maine Pegmatite Belt
        • Greenwood
    		King, V. and Foord, E. 1994, Mineralogy of Maine
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    		Mineral News (1995) 11:2 pp1,2,5
        • Hebron
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine.
        • Paris
    		King, V. T. and Foord, E. E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, Descriptive Mineralogy, volume 1, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, Maine, USA, pp. 418 + 88 plates.
        • Rumford
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998); Rocks & Min. (2007) 82:242
    • Massachusetts
      • Worcester Co.
        • Leominster
    		Billings, M. P. and Wolfe, C. W. (1944): Spodumene Deposits in the Leominster-Sterling Area (USGS Open-File Report 45-88); Richmond and Gonyer, 1937. On Pollucite (AmMin 23:783)
    Richmond and Gonyer, 1937. On Pollucite (AmMin 23:783);
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Walpole
    		Page & Larrabee, 1962. Beryl Resources of NH (USGS Prof. Paper 353; USGS Prof Paper 353
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		USGS Prof Paper 255; USGS Prof Paper 353
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
          • Parker Mt
    		Switzer (1938) The Paragenesis of the Center Strafford, New Hampshire Pegmatite. American Mineralogist 23:811; Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241; USGS Prof Paper 255
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Newport
    		American Mineralogist: 37: 931-940.; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index; American Mineralogist (1953): 38: 728-729.
    • New Mexico
      • Mora Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996; Jahns, R. H. and Ewing, R. C. (1977): The Harding mine, Taos County, New Mexico. Mineralogical Record, 8 (2): 115-126.
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		Kings Mountain Belt, Carolina Geological Society, Fieldtrip Oct 13 -15 ,1956, Thomas L. Kesler
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Berne
    		USGS Prof Paper 297F
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Custer
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"; USGS Prof Paper 297D
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; USGS Prof Paper 297D
          • Fourmile
    		Staatz, M. H.; Page, L. R.; Norton, J. J.; Wilmarth, V. R. (1963) Exploration for beryllium at the Helen Beryl, Elkhorn, and Tin Mountain pegmatites, Custer County, South Dakota. USGS Prof. Paper 297C.
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).; Staatz, M. H.; Page, L. R.; Norton, J. J.; Wilmarth, V. R. (1963) Exploration for beryllium at the Helen Beryl, Elkhorn, and Tin Mountain pegmatites, Custer County, South Dakota. USGS Prof. Paper 297C.
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    USGS Prof Paper 297D
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; USGS Prof Paper 297D
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Unorganized District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; USGS Prof Paper 297D
      • Lawrence Co.
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Harney City
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
        • Hayward
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Hill City District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.; USGS Bull 380D
    No reference listed
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Glendale
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Norton, James J. (1964) Pegmatites and other Precambrian Rocks in the Southern Black Hills; Geology and mineral deposits of some pegmatites in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. USGS Professional Paper 297E.
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
          • Keystone
    		U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297; Norton, James J. (1964) Pegmatites and other Precambrian Rocks in the Southern Black Hills; Geology and mineral deposits of some pegmatites in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. USGS Professional Paper 297E.
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    Dana 6: 1088; Rocks & Minerals: 10: 121-122, 146-147.
            • Greyhound Gulch
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).; USGS Prof Paper 297B
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 33 (Table A-1).; USGS Bull 380D; USGS Prof Paper 297A
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Norton, James J. (1964) Pegmatites and other Precambrian Rocks in the Southern Black Hills; Geology and mineral deposits of some pegmatites in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. USGS Professional Paper 297E.
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 33 (Table A-1).; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Oreville District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
    • Wyoming
    		Rocks&Min 76:23-241
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland
      • Mtoko
    		Hornung. G. PhD thesis. Pegmatites of th N. Mtoko Region. University of Leeds, Research Institute of African Geology. !961
    Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    • Masvingo District
    		Vik Vanrusselt collection; http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/GSC433/Pegmatites.htm
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