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Apophyllite-(KOH)

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Big Photo

Centreville, Culpeper Basin, Fairfax Co., Virginia, USA
© 2002 John H. Betts

Show Apophyllite-(KOH) Photos (76)



Formula:
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(OH,F) · 8H
 
2
O
System:TetragonalHardness:4 - 5
Name:From the Greek for "away from" (ἀπό, apo) and "leaf" (φύλλον, phyllos), in allusion to the way it exfoliates upon heating. The "-(KOH) suffix documents the dominant and distinctive components in this member of the Apophyllite family (potassium and hydroxide).


Apophyllite-(KF)-Apophyllite-(KOH) Series.

Classification of Apophyllite-(KOH)

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.01-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EA.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
A : Single nets of tetrahedra with 4-, 5-, (6-), and 8-membered rings
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.1.6

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
1 : Silicates with fluoride (not containing Al)
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Type Occurrence of Apophyllite-(KOH)

Type Locality:Ore Knob Mine, Ore Knob, Ashe Co., North Carolina, USA
Year of Discovery:1978

Physical Properties of Apophyllite-(KOH)

Hardness (Mohs):4 - 5

Crystallography of Apophyllite-(KOH)

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Cell Parameters:a = 8.97Å, c = 15.83Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.765
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,273.70 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Apophyllite-(KOH)

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.542 nε = 1.543
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.001

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low

Chemical Properties of Apophyllite-(KOH)

Formula:
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(OH,F) · 8H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, K, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, F, H, K, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Na

Relationship of Apophyllite-(KOH) to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Apophyllite-(KF) (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.EA.05Cuprorivaite
CaCu[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EA.05Gillespite
BaFe
2+
 
[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EA.05Effenbergerite
BaCu[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EA.05Wesselsite
SrCu[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EA.10Ekanite
(Ca,Fe
2+
 
,Pb)
 
2
(Th,U)[Si
 
8
O
 
20
]
9.EA.15Apophyllite-(KF)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(F,OH) · 8H
 
2
O
9.EA.15Apophyllite-(NaF)
NaCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)F · 8H
 
2
O
9.EA.20Magadiite
NaSi
 
7
O
 
13
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
9.EA.25Dalyite
K
 
2
ZrSi
 
6
O
 
15
9.EA.25Davanite
K
 
2
TiSi
 
6
O
 
15
9.EA.30Sazhinite-(Ce)
Na
 
3
Ce[Si
 
6
O
 
15
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.EA.30Sazhinite-(La)
Na
 
3
La[Si
 
6
O
 
15
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.EA.35Armstrongite
CaZr[Si
 
6
O
 
15
] · 3H
 
2
O
9.EA.40Okenite
CaSi
 
2
O
 
5
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.EA.45Nekoite
Ca
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
15
·7H
 
2
O
9.EA.50Cavansite
Ca(VO)Si
 
4
O
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EA.55Pentagonite
Ca(VO)Si
 
4
O
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EA.60Penkvilksite
Na
 
4
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
22
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EA.60Tumchaite
Na
 
2
Zr(Si
 
4
O
 
11
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.EA.65Nabesite
Na
 
2
BeSi
 
4
O
 
10
 * 4 H
 
2
O
9.EA.70Ajoite
(K,Na)Cu
 
7
AlSi
 
9
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
9.EA.75Zeravshanite
Na
 
2
Cs
 
4
Zr
 
3
[Si
 
18
O
 
45
]*2H
 
2
O
9.EA.80Bussyite-(Ce)
(Ce,REE)
 
3
(Na,H
 
2
O)
 
6
MnSi
 
9
Be
 
5
(O,OH)
 
30
F
 
4
9.EA.85Plumbophyllite
Pb
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
 · H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.1.1Hectorite
Na
 
0.3
(Mg,Li)
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.3Agrellite
NaCa
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
F
17.1.4Apophyllite-(NaF)
NaCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)F · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.5Apophyllite-(KF)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(F,OH) · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.7Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)F
 
2
17.1.8Leucophanite
NaCaBeSi
 
2
O
 
6
F
17.1.9Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.10Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.11Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.12Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.13Canasite
K
 
2
Na
 
4
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
(OH,F)
 
4
17.1.14Charoite
(K,Na)
 
6-7
(Ca,Na)
 
18
[(Si
 
6
O
 
17
)(Si
 
12
O
 
30
)(Si
 
18
O
 
45
)](OH,F)
 
2
 · n H
 
2
O
17.1.15Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.16Bultfonteinite
Ca
 
2
(HSiO
 
4
)F · H
 
2
O
17.1.17Zeophyllite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,F)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
17.1.18Rowlandite-(Y)
(Y,Ce)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
F
 
2
 (?)
17.1.19Yuksporite
(K,Ba)NaCa
 
2
(Si,Ti)
 
4
O
 
11
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
17.1.20Yftisite-(Y)
(Y,Dy,Er)
 
4
(Ti,Sn)(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(F,OH)
 
6
17.1.21Mosandrite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(REE)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
OF
 
3
17.1.22Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.23Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)F
 
2
17.1.24Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Mn
2+
2
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
4
F
 
4
17.1.25Thorosteenstrupine
CaMnThSi
 
4
O
 
11
(OH)F · 6H
 
2
O
17.1.26Zircophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(Zr,Ti)
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
17.1.27Jinshajiangite
BaNaFe
2+
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
17.1.28Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)OF
17.1.29Narsarsukite
Na
 
4
(Ti,Fe)
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
20
](O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.30Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2

Other Names for Apophyllite-(KOH)

Synonyms:
Hydroxyapophyllite
Other Languages:
German:Hydroxyapophyllit
Russian:Гидроксиапофиллит
Апофиллит-(KOH)
Spanish:Hydroxyapophyllita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Apophyllite-(KOH)

Reference List:

- +
Dunn, P. J., Rouse, R. C. & Norberg, J. A. (1978): Hydroxyapophyllite, a new mineral and a redefinition of the apophyllite group. American Mineralogist 63, 196-202.

Dunn, P. J. & Wilson, W. E. (1978): Nomenclature revision in the apophyllite group: hydroxyapophyllite, apophyllite, fluorapophyllite. Min. Record 9, 95-98.

Acta Crystallographica: (1987): B43: 517.

Internet Links for Apophyllite-(KOH)

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Hydroxyapophyllite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Apophyllite-(KOH)

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Buckland Co.
        • Ardglen
    		Mineralogical Record Vol19 No.6 p389; Tschernich, R.(1992), Zeolites of the World, p.48 Hodge-Smith, T., 1924. Notes on the occurrence of Zeolites, Ardglen, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 213–222
    • Tasmania
      • Burnie district
        • Ridgley
    		Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72
      • Cape Grim district
    		Sutherland, F. & Bottrill, R.(2004): Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.49
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Leonora Shire
          • Leinster
            • Agnew
    		Grguric, B.A., Nickel, E.H. (2005) Okenite from the Perseverance nickel mine, Western Australia: a first Australian occurrence. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 11, pg. 25-26.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Eibegggraben
    		Postl, W. et al. (2008)
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359.
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
        • Inca de Oro
    		Maurizio Dini & Robert Jenkins collections; material analysed by Dr. Uwe Kolitsch & Bob Jenkins
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Selb
            • Längenau
    		Keck, E. (2008): Der Wartberg bei Längenau, nordöstlich von Selb, in Oberfranken. Aufschluss 59, 109-128.
    • Hesse
      • Greifenstein
        • Allendorf
    		Betz, V., Leinweber, A., Klein, E. und Wahl, H. (2011): Prächtige Zeolithe: Die Mineralien des Steinbruchs "Alter Stein" bei Allendorf im Ulmtal, Westerwald, Hessen. Lapis, 36 (2), 15-38; 54.
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Kelberg
          • Höchstberg
    		- Blass, G., (2010): Die neuen Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel, Mineralienwelt, Vol. 05
    Hungary
     
    • Fejér Co.
      • Szár Hill
        • Kőszárhegy
    		Szakáll: Minerals of Szár Hill, 2004
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Bazsi
          • Prága Hill
    		Szakáll & Gatter, 1993; KOVÁCS-PÁLFFY, P. et al. (2005): A Karikás-tető (Prága-hegy, Balaton-felvidék) bazaltjának üregkitöltő ásványai [The cavity filling minerals of the basalt from Karikás-tető (Prága Hill, Balaton Highland, Transdanubia)]. A Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet Évi Jelentése, 95-118. [http://www.mafi.hu/microsites/EJ_digi/EJ_2005PDF/Kovacs_Palffy.pdf]
        • Tapolcai Basin
          • Uzsa (Uzsabánya)
    		Szakáll & Gatter, 1993
    India
     
    • Maharashtra
      • Mumbai District (Bombay District)
        • Mumbai (Bombay)
          • Ward 38
    		Personal experience-Rock Currier
    Wise, W.S. (1978): Yugawaralite from Bombay, India. Mineralogical Record 9 (5): 296
      • Pune District (Poonah District)
    		Rock Currier
    Rock Currier photo
    Italy
     
    • Latium
      • Rieti Province
        • Rieti
          • Santa Rufina
    		XRD analysis at Bari University
    • Umbria
      • Perugia Province
        • Spoleto
    		Stoppa F., Scordari F., Mesto E., Sharygin V.V. and Bortolozzi G. - Calcium-aluminium-silicate-hydrate "cement" phases and rare Ca-zeolite association at Colle Fabbri, Central Italy (2010). Centr.Eur.J.Geosci. 2 (2), pag. 175-187 .
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza province
    		Boscardin, M., Mietto, P., Pegoraro, S., Orlandi, P., Secco, L.(2000):
        • Schio
          • San Vito di Leguzzano
    		Boscardin, M., Pegoraro, S.(2000): La natrolite del vicentino. Rivista
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi City
            • Bitchu-cho (Bicchu-cho)
    Kenya
     
    • Rift Valley Province
      • Mount Elgon
    		Paolo Forti - Genetic processes of cave minerals in volcanic environments: An overview. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 67, no. 1, p. 3-13.
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aquiles Serdán
        • Santa Eulalia District
          • West Camp
            • Francisco Portillo
    		Panczner(1987).
    Panczner (1987):94-366.
    • Guanajuato
      • Mun. de Guanajuato
        • Guanajuato
    		Panczner (1987): 79-364.
        • La Luz
    		Panczner(1987): 79 - 369.
    Panczner (1987): 236.
    • Hidalgo
      • Mun. de Pachuca
        • Pachuca de Soto (Pachuca)
    		Panczner (1987): 87-344.
    • Zacatecas
      • Mun. de Mazapil
        • Noche Buena
    		Panczner (1987): 100-378.
    Namibia
     
    • Khomas Region
      • Windhoek District
        • Windhoek
          • Aris
    		[http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/aris.htm]
    Norway
     
    • Nordland
      • Fauske
        • Sulitjelma
          • Sulitjelma Cu Mines
    		Larsen, A.O.(1980): Fluorapofyllitt og hydroksyapofyllitt. NAGS-nytt 7(2),36-37 (in norwegian)
      • Rana
        • Mofjellet
    		Larsen,A.O.(1980):Fluorapofyllitt og hydroksyapofyllitt" NAGS-nytt 7(2),36-37 (in norwegian)
    Romania
     
    • Hunedoara Co.
    		www.minerals-of-the carpathians.eu (2009)
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Asbest
    		Igor Savin data
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Ufaley (Ufalei) District
    		Talovina, I.V., Lazarenkov, V.G., and Vorontsova, N.I. (2003): Lithology and Mineral Resources 38(5), 403-415.
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Belfast
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Cairncross, B. & Windisch, W.(1998): Microminerals from the Bushveld Complex South Africa. Mineralogical Record 29: 461-465
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		Gutzmer, J. & Cairncross, B. (1993): Recent discoveries from the Wessels mine South Africa. Mineralogocal Record 24 (5): 365-368
        • Kuruman
          • N'Chwaning Mines
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari (Afrique du Sud) manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302.]
    Minerals of South Africa
    American Mineralogist, Volume 63, pages 196-202, 1978
    UK
     
    • England
      • Co. Durham
        • North Pennines
          • Weardale
            • Copthill
    		No reference listed
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Isle of Skye
          • Duirinish
            • Dunvegan
    		[UKJMM 16:21-27]
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Bakhchisaray area
          • Trudolyubovka Village
    		Karpenko V., Ignatenko K. Babingtonite form the Pervomaiskii quarry in the Crimea // Novye dannye o mineralakh (New Data on Minerals), 1991, #37, 58 - 63 (in Russ.) Getling R.V. Datolith of the Bodrak area in the Crimea and some features of his genesis // ZVMO, 1960, vol. 89, #1, 102 - 106 (in Russ.)
    Tischenko A. data
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		RRUFF Project Specimen ID: R050169
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Phoenix
    		Richard Bideaux, Mineralogy ofArizona, 3rd ed.
    • California
      • Tulare Co.
        • Exeter area
          • Chickencoop Canyon
    		Mineralogical Record: 34(2): 159-166
      • Ventura Co.
        • Santa Monica Mts
    		http://www.mindat.org/article.php/801/Tungusite+in+the+Santa+Monica+Mountains%2C+Los+Angeles+and+Ventura+Counties+CA
    • Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Lynn District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Passaic Co.
        • Little Falls Township
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 63, pages 196-202, 1978
        • Prospect Park
    		MinRecord 9:89-92
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Dunn(1995):Pt4:497.
    • New York
      • Lewis Co.
        • Diana Township
          • Harrisville
    		Chamberlain, Steven C., Vandall T. King, Donald Cooke, George W. Robinson & Wayne Holt (1999), Minerals of the Gouverneur Talc Company No. 4 Quarry (Valentine deposit), Town of Diana, Lewis County, New York: Rocks & Minerals: 74(4): 236-249 (July, 1999).
    • North Carolina
      • Ashe Co.
        • Ore Knob
    		Joseph A. Mandarino and Malcolm E. Back , 2004, Fleischers Glossary of Mineral Species 2004; American Mineralogist, Volume 63, pages 196-202, 1978
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		Carolina Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook 1981, 39-48
    • Pennsylvania
      • Lebanon Co.
        • Cornwall
    		Kearns, L.E. & Kearns, C.A. (2008) Mineral News, 24, #1, 8-9.
    • Virginia
      • Fairfax Co.
        • Culpeper Basin
          • Centreville
    		Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25--27.
      • Loudoun Co.
        • Chantilly
    		Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
        • Conklin
    		Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
        • Leesburg
    		Joseph Freillich specimen;
    Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
    Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
    Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
    Meier, B. M. and Kearns, Lance E., 2011, Chemical Characterization of Northern Virginia Apophyllite, (K, Na)Ca4Si8)20(OH, F).8H2O, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 25-27.
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