Mindat Logo
Home Page Log In Message Board The Mindat Directory
Register Search Pages Mineral Chatroom The Mindat Store

Libethenite

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Big Photo

Miguel Vacas Mine, Pardais, Vila Viçosa, Évora District, Portugal
© Luigi Mattei

Show Libethenite Photos (531)



Formula:
Cu
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
System:OrthorhombicColour:Light to dark green, ...
Lustre:Vitreous, GreasyHardness:4
Member of:Olivenite Group
Name:
Named after the type locality - Ľubietová (Libethen), Slovak Republic.


Olivenite Group.

Libethenite is a secondary copper phosphate mineral found in the oxidized zone of copper ore deposits. The phosphate is often derived from the weathering of apatite and other rock-forming phosphates such as monazite and xenotime.
A rare case of probable primary libethenite from a greisen deposit is reported by Sejkora et al. (2006).

Classification of Libethenite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.06-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BB.30

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Dana 7th edition ID:41.6.6.2
Dana 8th edition ID:41.6.6.2

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : A2(XO4)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.2.1

19 : Phosphates
2 : Phosphates of Cu
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-2394.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Libethenite

Type Locality:Podlipa deposit, Ľubietová, Banská Bystrica Co., Banská Bystrica Region, Slovakia
Year of Discovery:1823

Occurrences of Libethenite

Geological Setting:Oxidized zones of copper deposits.

Physical Properties of Libethenite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Somewhat greasy on fracture surfaces.
Colour:Light to dark green, blackish green, olive-green; bluish green to light green in transmitted light.
Streak:Light green
Hardness (Mohs):4
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
Very indistinct on {100} and {010}.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.97 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.972 g/cm3

Crystallography of Libethenite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pnnm {P21/n 21/n 2/m}
Cell Parameters:a = 8.062(5) Å, b = 8.384(4) Å, c = 5.881(2) Å
β = 90°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.962 : 1 : 0.701
Unit Cell Volume:V 404.27 ų
Z:4
Morphology:Crystals short prismatic or slightly elongated [100] with wedge-shaped terminations; also equant. {110} vertically grooved or striated, and {011} striated parallel to the edge with {111}.
Twinning:None observed.
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
Click on an icon to view
Libethenite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Libethenite no.10 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Libethenite no.15 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

You may need to scroll this box using your mouse to view the full instructions.

The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

The 3d models and java code are kindly provided by www.smorf.nl. You can control the movement of the models by holding down the left mouse-button over the 3d model and moving your mouse. Keyboard controls are:

: default positions
t/T: decrease/increase transparency x/X: next/previous texture
b/B: next/previous background w: toggle wireframe
s: toggle sticks m: toggle miller indices
k: toggle crystallographic axes =/-: zoom in/out
r: stop/start rotation 1/2/3
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Libethenite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.701 - 1.704 nβ = 1.743 - 1.747 nγ = 1.787 - 1.790
2V:Measured: 80° to 90°, Calculated: 88°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.086

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:strong r > v
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X= Pale yellowish blue
Z= Pale greenish blue

Chemical Properties of Libethenite

Formula:
Cu
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, P
Common Impurities:As

Relationship of Libethenite to other Species

Member of:Olivenite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Adamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
Auriacusite
Fe
3+
 
Cu
2+
 
(AsO
 
4
)O
Eveite
Mn
2+
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
Olivenite
Cu
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
Paradamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
Tarbuttite
Zn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
Zincolivenite
CuZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
Common Associates:
PyromorphitePseudomalachiteMalachiteLimoniteAzurite
Atacamite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BB.05Amblygonite
LiAl(PO
 
4
)F
8.BB.05Montebrasite
LiAl(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.05Tavorite
LiFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.10Triplite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
8.BB.10Zwieselite
Fe
2+
 
Mn
2+
 
(PO
 
4
)F
8.BB.15Sarkinite
Mn
2+
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Triploidite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Wagnerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
8.BB.15Wolfeite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.15Stanĕkite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Fe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)O
8.BB.15Joosteite
Mn
2+
 
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)(PO
 
4
)O
8.BB.15Hydroxylwagnerite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.20Holtedahlite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.20Satterlyite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH,O)
8.BB.25Althausite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
8.BB.30Adamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Eveite
Mn
2+
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Olivenite
Cu
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Zincolibethenite
CuZn(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Zincolivenite
CuZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.30Auriacusite
Fe
3+
 
Cu
2+
 
(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BB.35Paradamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.35Tarbuttite
Zn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.40Barbosalite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Hentschelite
CuFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Lazulite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Scorzalite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.40Wilhelmkleinite
ZnFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.45Trolleite
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BB.50Namibite
Cu(BiO)
 
2
(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BB.55Phosphoellenbergerite
Mg
 
14
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(HPO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
8.BB.60Urusovite
CuAl(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BB.65Theoparacelsite
Cu
 
3
(As
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
8.BB.70Turanite
Cu
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.75Stoiberite
Cu
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
8.BB.80Fingerite
Cu
 
11
(VO
 
4
)
 
6
O
 
2
8.BB.85Averievite
Cu
 
6
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
Cl
 
2
8.BB.90Lipscombite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BB.90Richellite
CaFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
8.BB.90Zinclipscombite
ZnFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.2.2Cornetite
Cu
 
3
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
3
19.2.3Reichenbachite
Cu
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
19.2.4Ludjibaite
Cu
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
19.2.5Pseudomalachite
Cu
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
19.2.6Nissonite
Cu
 
2
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
19.2.7Zapatalite
Cu
 
3
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
9
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.2.8Turquoise
Cu(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.2.9Sieleckiite
Cu
 
3
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.2.10Planerite
Al
 
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
 · 4 H
 
2
O
19.2.11Hentschelite
CuFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.2.13Chalcosiderite
Cu(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.2.14Phosphofibrite
K
 
<0.5
(Fe
3+
 
,Cu)
 
8
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
7
 · 7H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):

- +
41.6.6.3Adamite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)

Other Names for Libethenite

Synonyms:
Chinoite
Other Languages:
Dutch:Libetheniet
French:Libéthénite
Aphérèse (of Beudant)
Cuivre Phosphaté (of Haüy)
German:Libethenit
Blättricher Olivenmalachite
Octaedrisches Phosphorkupfer
Italian:Libethenite
Aferesa
Russian:Либетенит
Slovak:Libethenit
Spanish:Libethenita
Varieties:
PseudolibetheniteZincian Libethenite

Other Information

Other Information:Readily soluble in acids and ammonia.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Libethenite

Reference List:

- +
Werner (1789) Bergmaennusches Journal, Freiberg (Neues Bergmannische Journal): 382, 385 (as Olivenerz).

Hausmann, J.F.L. (1813) Handbuch der Mineralogie 3 volumes, Göttingen: 1036 (as Blättricher Olivenmalachite).

Leonhard, K.C. (1821) Handbuch der Oryktognosie. First edition, Heidelberg: 143 (as Octaedrisches Phosphorkupfer).

Breithaupt, A. (1823) Vollständige Characteristik etc., 1st. ed.: 267.

Beudant, F.S. (1832), Trailé élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, 2 volumes: 2: 569 (as Aphérèse).

Des Cloizeaux (1858) Annales des mines: 14: 343.

Mueller (1858) Journal of the Chemical Society, London: 11: 202.

Field (1859) Chemical Gazette or Journal of Practical Chemistry, London: 17: 400.

Debray (1861) Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 52: 44.

Dana, J.D. (1868) System of Mineralogy, 5th. Edition, New York: 563.

Friedel and Sarasin (1879) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 2: 157.

Schrauf (1880) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 4: 19.

Bergemann (1890) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 104: 190.

Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 786.

Melczer (1904) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 39: 288.

Goldschmidt, V. (1918) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 5: 149.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 100.

Strunz (1936) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 94: 60.

Heritsch (1939) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 102: 1.

Richmond (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 452.

Guillemin, G. (1956b): Contribution à la minéralogie des arséniates, phosphates et vanadates de cuivre. II. Phosphates et vanadates. Bull. Soc. franç. Minéral. Cristallogr., 79: 219-275.

Rammelsberg, C.F. (1860) Handbuch der Mineralchemie. First edition, Leipzig: 344 (as Pseudo-libethenite).

Canadian Mineralogist (1995): 33: 885-888.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 313.

Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P., Fikar, M., Veselovský, F., Mach, Z., Gabašová, A., Skoda, R. & Beran, P. (2006): Supergene minerals at the Huber stock and Schnöd stock deposits, Krásno ore District, the Slavkovský les area, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 57-101.

Alexei A. Belik, Hyun-Joo Koo, Myung-Hwan Whangbo, Naohito Tsujii, Pan e Naumov, and Eiji Takayama-Muromachi (2007): Magnetic properties of synthetic libethenite Cu2PO4OH: a new spin-gap System. Inorg. Chem., 46, 8684-8689.

Internet Links for Libethenite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Libethenite on Google
  • Look for Libethenite images on Google
    • External Links:
  • Look for Libethenite on Webmineral
  • Look for Libethenite on Athena Mineralogy[Link Broken?]
  • Look for Libethenite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Libethenite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Libethenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Search for - Libethenite - on e-Rocks Mineral Sales & Auctions
  • DAKOTA MATRIX offers Cabinet and Rare Species from Worldwide Localities.
  • Rare and Unusual minerals at Mineralogical Research Company
  • Search for minerals at Heliodor
  • Search for Libethenite from all mineral dealers at minfind.com
  • Buy fine minerals and gemstones from Pala International
  • Pricedownminerals.com - Reverse Auctions and Shop
  • webminerals
  • Wilensky Fine Minerals
  • Buy from David K Joyce minerals
  • Mineral Classics - Worldwide Collector Quality Minerals and Gems
  • Find Libethenite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
    • Specimens:The following Libethenite specimens are currently listed for sale on minfind.com.
    Jobs:
  • Mining & Geology Jobs

    • Localities for Libethenite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Tanti
          • Cerro Blanco pegmatite district
    		Mr. Nelson Valenzuela.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Ashburnham Co.
        • Orange district
    		Australian Jour. Mineralogy 10:2 p 79
      • Canbelego Co.
        • Gidalambone
          • Girilambone
    		Chapman, J. R., Sharpe, J. L. and Williams, P. A. (2005): The copper deposits at Girilambone, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 91-99.
      • Flinders Co.
        • Tottenham
    		Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
    McKinnon, A. R., Sharpe, J. L. and Williams, P. A. (2005): Other notable mineral occurrences in the Cobar region. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 117-121.
      • Kennedy Co.
        • Northparkes Mine (Goonumbla Mine; Endeavour Mine)
    		Australian Jour. Mineralogy 10:2 pp 53-57
    A.L. McLean, J.Chapman, J.L. Sharpe and P.A. Williams (2004): The mineralogy of the oxidised zone of the E26 orebody at Northparkes, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Mineralogy 10, 53-57.
    Australian Jour. Mineralogy 10:2 pp 53-57
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
    • Northern Territory
      • Kakadu National Park
        • Jabiru
    Henry et al (1999) Aust Jnl Mineralogy 5(1)
    • Queensland
      • Mount Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Cloncurry District
          • Cloncurry
    		Crane, M.J., Sharpe, J.L., and Williams, P.A. (2001): Records of the Australian Museum 53, 49-56.
    [UKJMM 19:24]
        • Gunpowder District
          • Mount Gordon
    		Day, B. E. & Beyer, B. D. (1996): Some mines of the Mt Isa district. Part 3 - The Mt Oxide mine. Australian J. of Mineralogy 2 (1), 3-10.
        • Kajabbi
    		Crane, M.J., Sharpe, J.L., and Williams, P.A. (2001): Records of the Australian Museum 53, 49-56.
        • Mary Kathleen district
    		Crane, M.J., Sharpe, J.L., and Williams, P.A. (2001): Records of the Australian Museum 53, 49-56.
    Karl Volkman collection
          • Rosebud Station
    		Uwe Kolitsch collection
        • Mount Isa district
    		Crane, M.J., Sharpe, J.L., and Williams, P.A. (2001): Records of the Australian Museum 53, 49-56.
        • Selwyn District
    		[UKJMM 19:24]
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		www.crocoite.com (Steve Sorrell) and refs therein
      • Flinders Ranges
        • South Flinders Ranges
          • Wilmington
    		Mineralogical Record: 32: 214.
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • North Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Burra
    		[MinRec 15:106-107, 12:107, 25:127-128]
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Callington
    		Steve Sorrell Collection
    • Victoria
      • Lake Boga
    		[AmMin 85:1321]; Am Min 93:691-697
    • Western Australia
      • Pilbara Region
        • Ashburton Shire
    		[MinRec 24:208, 24:213]
    Min. Record 24,203-218(1993)
    Mineralogical Record 24,203-216,218.
    Belgium
     
    • Luxembourg Province
      • Stavelot Massif
    		Michel Bloindieau
          • Cahai (Cahay)
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Chuquicamata District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863, 946; Mineralogical Record: 9: 330.
        • Escondida
          • La Escondida Mine
    		Bárbara Romero, Shoji Kojima, Chilong Wong, Fernando Barra, Walter Véliz and Joaquin Ruiz (2011): Molybdenite Mineralization and Re-Os Geochronology of the Escondida and Escondida Norte Porphyry Deposits, Northern Chile. Resource Geology 61, 91–100.
    • Atacama Region
      • Chañaral Province
        • El Salvador district
    		Maurizio Dini database 2007
        • Inca de Oro
          • San Pedro de Cachiyuyo District
    		maurizio dini collection - analysed specimens
      • Copiapó Province
        • Paipote
          • Quebrada San Miguel mining district
    		Terry Szenics
        • Tierra Amarilla
          • Las Pintadas district
            • Cerro Pintado
    		Lieber, W., Schnorrer, G., (1993): Idiomorphe Pseudomalachit-Kristalle aus der Mina La Farola bei Copiapo, Chile, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 44, pp. 301-307
        • Zapallar district
          • Los Azules area
    		Leon Hupperichs collection
      • Huasco Province
        • Freirina
    		Josef Vajdak (2002) Mineral News, 18, #1, 6.
    • Coquimbo Region
      • Choapa Province
        • Combarbalá
          • Cogotí
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter, Curator of Hamburg Mineralogical Museum, Germany, and Dr. Hubert Putz (Salzburg Department of Mineralogy)
      • Elqui Province
        • Coquimbo
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863; Mineralogical Record: 23: 433.
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Collahuasi District
    		Sulphides analysed by geology dep. of company; sulphates, phosphates, analysed by Bob Jenkins (Usa) 2007
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Příbram
          • Vrančice
    		Gröbner, J. und Braith, H. (2004): Libethenit von Vrancice, Revier Pribram / CR. Lapis, 29 (3), 42-42 (in German).
      • Karlovy Vary Region
    		No reference listed
          • Krásno (Schönfeld)
    		Petr Pauliš (2000): Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech, Kuttna, Kutná Hora; Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P., Fikar, M., Veselovský, F., Mach, Z., Gabašová, A., Skoda, R. & Beran, P. (2006): Supergene minerals at the Huber stock and Schnöd stock deposits, Krásno ore District, the Slavkovský les area, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 57-101.
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Kambove District
    		M Kampf collection
        • Kolwezi District
          • Kamoto
        • Likasi
    		Lapis 17(3), 13-40 (1992)
        • Luambo
        • Lubumbashi (Elizabethville)
    Lapis 17(3), 13-40 (1992)
        • Shinkolobwe
    		Bull. Mineral., 1988, 111
      • Kipushi
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Fecht valley (Munster valley)
          • Zimmerbach
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", 1997
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
        • Alzon
    		Robert Pecorini collection
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Soumans
          • Montebras
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
        • Najac
    		Patrice Queneau Collection; Jean Claude Dol
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Rhône
        • Beaujeu
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
        • Le Bois d'Oingt
          • Chessy-les-Mines
    		[Le Cahier des Micromonteurs 1988, 4, p.6-46]
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Calw
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Wittern,A. (1995) Mineralien finden im Schwarzwald
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		U. Kolitsch, G. Blaß, H.-W. Graf und J. Gröbner (2004): Neufunde aus der Grube Clara im mittleren Schwarzwald. Lapis 29 (2) 18-23; 50. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    • Hesse
      • Korbach
        • Goldhausen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Odenwald
        • Lautertal (Odenwald)
          • Reichenbach
            • Hohenstein
    		Lapis, 12 (10), 23-32+58.
      • Wetzlar
        • Weilburg
          • Essershausen
    		Blaß, G. & Möhn, G. (2010): Neue Mineralien von der Grube Mark bei Essershausen im Taunus. Mineralien-Welt 21 (2), 26-29.
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel
        • Mayen
          • Langenfeld
            • St Jost
    		Graf, HW., (1991): Die Grube Bendisberg, bei Virneburg / Eifel, Mineralien-Welt 5/91
      • Westerwald
        • Linz am Rhein
          • Rheinbreitbach
    		Christof Schäfer
    • Saarland
      • Saarlouis
        • Düppenweiler
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    R. Lang pers. finds
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Clausnitz - Sayda District
          • Sayda
    		J. Gröbner und U. Kolitsch (2006): Neufunde aus dem Erzgebirge (II). Mineralien-Welt 17 (3), 22-27.
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Langenberg
            • Graul
    		http://www.dergraul.de
    • Thuringia
      • Bad Lobenstein
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Vogtland
        • Hirschberg
          • Ullersreuth
    		T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001(12), 13-27
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • La Spezia Province
        • Rocchetta Vara
    		Balestra, C., & Kolitsch, U. (2007). Segnalazione di libethenite alla miniera di Monte Nero. Prie, 3 (2007), 27-29.
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Domusnovas
          • Oridda
    		Perchiazzi N., Preite D. (1986) - Libethenite e Vesuviana di Sa Duchessa (CA) - Riv. Miner. Ital., Milano, fasc. 4, pp. 188-189
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Furtei
          • Furtei mine
    		Ruggieri, G., Lattanzi, P., Luxoro, S., Dessi, R., Benvenuti. M, & Tanelli, G., 1997. Geology, Mineralogy and Fluid Inclusion Data of the Furtei High Sulfidation Gold Deposit, Sardinia, Italy. Economic Geology, 92 (1), 1-19.
    Ruggieri, G., Lattanzi, P., Luxoro, S., Dessi, R., Benvenuti. M, & Tanelli, G., 1997. Geology, Mineralogy and Fluid Inclusion Data of the Furtei High Sulfidation Gold Deposit, Sardinia, Italy. Economic Geology, 92 (1), 1-19.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kinki Region
        • Shiga Prefecture
          • Konan City
            • Ishibe
    		Takada & Matsubara (1989) Chigaku Kenkyu, 38, 75-82
    Laos
     
    • Savannakhet Province
      • Vilabouly District
        • Sepon Mine
    		Michael Stott
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Mapimí
        • Mapimí
    		No reference listed
    Thomas P. Moore (2008) Lapis, 33, #7-8, 33-40.
    • Sonora
      • Cerro Morita
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1972 38 : 541-544.
      • Mun. de Moctezuma
        • Moctezuma
    		In the collection of Georges Favreau.
    Lapis 2001(1), 11-40
    Lapis 2001(1), 11-40
    Portugal
     
    • Beja District
      • Barrancos
    • Castelo Branco District
      • Vila Velha de Rodão
    • Évora District
      • Alandroal
      • Vila Viçosa
        • Pardais
    		[www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
    • Guarda District
      • Sabugal
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    • Viseu District
      • Sátão
        • Ferreira de Aves
          • Aldeia Nova
    		Minerais de Portugal collection
    Republic of Congo (Brazzaville)
     
    • Pool Department
      • Mindouli District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.; Demetrius Pohl, http://www.mindat.org/mesg-6-234115.html
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Ocna de Fier-Dognecea District
    		http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Verkhoyansk
          • Yana River Basin
            • Yana-Adycha Region
              • Arga-Ynnakh-Khai granite Massif
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Nizhnii Tagil
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Banská Bystrica Co.
        • Ľubietová
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863; Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlung (1979): 134, 147; Canadian Mineralogist (1995): 33: 885.
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Bronkhorstspruit
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Okiep Copper District
          • Springbok
    		Leon Hupperichs collection
        • Steinkopf
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Aragón
      • Zaragoza
        • Aranda de Moncayo
    		Calvo, M. (2008) Minerales de Aragón. Prames. 463 pages
    • Castile-La Mancha
      • Guadalajara
        • Pardos
    		Juan Viñals
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Vallès Occidental
          • Montcada i Reixac
    		Mineralogistes de Catalunya (1997), VII (1): 34-55
    • Extremadura
      • Cáceres
        • Zarza la Mayor
    		Viñals, J. and Calvo, M. (2011). Secondary phosphates of La Paloma mine, Zarza la Mayor, Cáceres, Spain. Mineral Up 2 (5), 8-31.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cheshire
        • Alderley Edge
    		No reference listed
      • Cornwall
        • Callington District
          • Gunnislake Area
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
    [Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Gwennap
            • Clifford Amalgamated Mines
              • Great Consolidated Mines
    		Lapis 11(2), 34 (1986)
            • St Day United Mines (Poldice Mines)
    		No reference listed
          • Illogan
            • Basset Mines
              • South Frances United Mines
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"; Rocks & Min.: 17:130.]
    [Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
        • Liskeard District
          • Linkinhorne
            • Minions
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863; Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"] [Embrey & Symes, 1987, 110 - "Minerals of Cornwall and Devon"]
            • Upton Cross
    		No reference listed
        • Mount's Bay District
          • St Hilary
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
        • St Agnes District
          • Perranzabuloe
    		No reference listed
        • St Austell District
          • Treverbyn
            • Stenalees
    		Elton, N. J. (1998): Barbosalite, frondelite and other phosphates from Gunheath China Clay Pit, St Austell, Cornwall, England. Journal of the Russell Society 7, 15-18; Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"; Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 517-518.
        • St Just District
          • St Just
            • Botallack
              • Botallack Mine
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
        • Wadebridge District
          • Area West of Wadebridge
            • St Minver
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 38 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
            • Potts Gill
    		No reference listed
      • Devon
        • North Devon
          • North Molton District
    		BMS Collection
        • Tavistock District
          • Tavistock Hamlets
      • Leicestershire
        • Stanton under Bardon
    		UKJMM 26:31-42
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 276.
      • Cochise Co.
        • Dragoon Mts
          • Turquoise District (Courtland-Gleeson District)
            • Courtland
              • Casey Hill
    		Rolf Luetcke
    Rolf Luetcke
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995),Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 276.
          • Cochise District
    		Rolf Luetcke
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Hayden area
              • Chilito
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 276.
        • Globe-Miami District
          • Miami-Inspiration District
            • Inspiration
    		Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 79.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863; Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 276; Peterson, N.P., et al (1946), Hydrothermal alteration in the Castle Dome copper deposit, AZ, Econ.Geol.: 41: 820-840; Peterson, N.P., et al (1951), Geology and ore deposits of the Castle Dome area, Gila Co., USGS Bull. 971; Peterson, N.P. (1962), Geology and ore deposits of the Globe-Miami District, Arizona, USGS PP 342: 75; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 72.
      • Greenlee Co.
        • Shannon Mts
          • Copper Mountain District (Clifton-Morenci District)
            • Copper Plate Gulch
    		U. S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper 43, 118 (1905); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277; Lindgren, W. & W.F. Hillebrand (1904), Minerals from the Clifton-Morenci district, AZ, Amer. Jour. Sci.: 18: 448-460; Rocks & Min.: 21:421; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 72.
      • Pima Co.
        • Cerro Colorado Mts
          • Cerro Colorado District
    		R. D. Green
        • Santa Rita Mts
          • Helvetia-Rosemont District
            • Helvetia
    		Rolf Luetcke specimen
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
        • Silver Bell Mts
          • Silver Bell District
            • Mineral Mountain
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
        • Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation
          • Comobabi Mts
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277, 336.
        • Tucson Mts
          • Amole District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 121, 146, 187, 277; Khin, B.S. (1970), Cornetite from SAginaw Hill, AZ, Min.Rec.: 1: 117-118.
              • Amole Mine group
    		Mineralogy of Arizona, Third Edition, 1995
        • Waterman Mts
          • Waterman District
            • Silver Hill District
              • Silver Hill
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
      • Pinal Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Mineral Creek District (Ray District)
    		Jones, R.W. and W. E. Wilson. 1983. The Ray Mine. Mineralogical Record Vol. 14(5): 311-322.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
            • Scott Mountain area
    		D. Court collection
        • Galiuro Mts
          • Bunker Hill District (Copper Creek District)
            • Copper Creek (Copper Creek Canyon)
              • Copper Creek
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)
          • Agua Fria District
            • Mayer
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 7.
    • California
      • Mono Co.
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 321.
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Panoche Valley
            • Llanada
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 243.
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Turquoise Mts
          • Halloran Spring District
            • Halloran Spring
    		Hewett, Donnel Foster (1956) Geology and mineral resources of the Ivanpah quadrangle, California and Nevada, USGS Professional Paper 275, 172 pp.: 119; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 322.
    • Colorado
      • Ouray Co.
        • Red Mountain District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Idaho
      • Custer Co.
        • Slate Creek Area
          • Unorganized District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    • Montana
      • Silver Bow Co.
    		The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen
          • East Ridge
            • Silver Bow Park
    		Min. Rec. 33:1
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Goodsprings District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Snowstorm Mountains District
    		Photos in mindat galleries. Material collected 2007 by Jim McGlasson.
      • Eureka Co.
        • Gibellini District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Lynn District
          • Elko
    		MinRecord 26:467
        • Maggie Creek District
    		MinRec 26(5):449-469.
          • Mike deposit
    		John W. Norby and Michael J.T. Orobona (2002) Geology and Mineral Systems of the Mike Deposit. in Gold Deposits of the Carlin Trend , NBMG Bulletin 111 pp 143-167
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Golconda District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Iron Point District
          • Valmy
    		Dr. William S. Wise presentation to Northwest Micro Mineral Study Group on 1 May 2004, Update on Mineralogy of the Silver Coin Mine, Iron Point District, Edna Mountains, Humboldt Co., Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • North Battle Mountain District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lyon Co.
        • Yerington District
          • Artesia Lake
    		Rocks & Minerals, Nov. 1999
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
          • Carson Hill
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
    Rocks & Minerals, Nov. 1999
    Pullman, Steven, and Thomssen, Richard, "Nevada Mineral Locality Index" Rocks & Minerals, Vol. 74 No. 6. pg. 375
      • Mineral Co.
        • Buckley District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Candelaria District
          • Candelaria Silver mine
    		Collection of Kelly Starnes 1990
      • Pershing Co.
        • Antelope District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada; Jensen, M. (1993): Update on the mineralogy of the Majuba Hill mine, Pershing County. Mineralogical Record. 24, 171-180.
      • Washoe Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Burro Mountains District
          • Tyrone Area
    		D.Court collection
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Santa Rita
    		Am Min 38:191-196; Northrop, Minerals of NM, 3rd ed. 1996; Rocks & Minerals 84:492-500
        • Steeple Rock District
    		2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts
      • Hidalgo Co.
        • Pyramid Mts
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
            • Virginia District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Socorro Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. ed., 1996
          • Bingham
    		[MinRecord 30:337]
    Mineralogical Record: 26(5): 483.
    • North Carolina
      • Lee Co.
        • Sanford
    		Rocks & Min.:58:183.
    • Pennsylvania
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Lower Providence Township
          • Audubon
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 863.
    • South Dakota
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		Rocks & Minerals: 57: 160 &/or 60: 110 & 112.
    Am Min 70:9-10 pp 1044-1049
    • Utah
      • Beaver Co.
        • Star Range
          • Star and North Star Districts
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Juab Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
    		Min Rec 4:6 p252
    • Virginia
      • Fairfax Co.
        • Herndon
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:166.
    Zambia
     
    • Central Province
      • Kabwe (Broken Hill)
    		[MinRec 12:394, 11:346-347]
    • Copperbelt Province
      • Chingola
    		Dan Weinrich specimen
      • Kitwe
    		Korowski, S.P. & Notebaart, C. W. (1978): Libethenite from the Rokana Mine, Zambia. Mineralogical Record. 9 (6): 341-346
    Korowski, S.P. & Notebaart, C. W. (1978): Libethenite from the Rokana Mine, Zambia. Mineralogical Record. 9 (6): 341-346
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Search Google
     
    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2012. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
    Current server date and time: 16th Jan 2012 22:23:52
    Mineral and Locality Search
    Mineral:
    and/or Locality:
    Options
    Fade toolbar when not in focusFix toolbar to bottom of page
    Hide Social Media Links
    Slideshow frame delay seconds