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Pyroaurite

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Big Photo

Wood's Chrome Mine (Wood's Mine), Texas, Little Britain Township, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania, USA
© 2011, JGW

Show Pyroaurite Photos (62)



Formula:
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
System:TrigonalColour:Yellow to ...
Lustre:Vitreous, Waxy, PearlyHardness:2½
Member of:Hydrotalcite Group
Name:From the Greek for "fire" and "gold" in allusion to the golden-yellow color assumed on heating at relatively low temperatures.


Hydrotalcite Group. Fe3+ analogue of Desautelsite.

May originate as an alteration product of iowaite.

See also the related Sjögrenite and Brugnatellite.

Classification of Pyroaurite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/E.03-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.DA.50

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:16b.6.2.3

16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 8:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.13.2

11 : Carbonates
13 : Carbonates of Fe
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Type Occurrence of Pyroaurite

Type Locality:Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1865

Physical Properties of Pyroaurite

Lustre:Vitreous, Waxy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Yellow to brownish-white, white, gray, silver-white, greenish or colourless
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Cleavage:Perfect
{0001}
Density (measured):2.1 - 2.14 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.12 g/cm3

Crystallography of Pyroaurite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:R3m {R3 2/m}
Cell Parameters:a = 3.1094(2) Å, c = 23.4117(9) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 7.529
Unit Cell Volume:V 196.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Tabular {0001} with lateral faces striated and indistinct. Also occurs thick tabular {0001} with {011¯5} alone, or with {202¯5}.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
7.6 (10)
3.89 (7)
2.62 (4)
2.33 (4)
1.981 (5)
1.556 (2)
1.526 (2)
Comments:Powder pattern indistinguishable from that of desautelsite (Mn3+-analogue).

Optical Data of Pyroaurite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.564 nε = 1.543
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.021

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:O = pale yellowish, brownish, reddish
E = colourless

Chemical Properties of Pyroaurite

Formula:
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:C, Fe, H, Mg, O
All elements listed in formula:C, Fe, H, Mg, O

Relationship of Pyroaurite to other Species

Member of:Hydrotalcite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Desautelsite
Mg
 
6
Mn
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Hydrowoodwardite
(Cu,Al)
 
9
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · nH
 
2
O
Iowaite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(OH)
 
16
Cl
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Stichtite
Mg
 
6
Cr
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Takovite
Ni
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Wermlandite
Mg
 
7
(Ca,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · 12H
 
2
O
Woodwardite
Cu
 
4
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2-4H
 
2
O
Zincowoodwardite
Zn
 
1-x
Al
 
x
(SO
 
4
)
 
x/2
(OH)
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O (x=0.32-0.50)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.DA.05Dypingite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.05Giorgiosite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5-6H
 
2
O
5.DA.05Hydromagnesite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.05Widgiemoolthalite
Ni
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.05UM1986-10-CO:ClHMgMnZn
Mg
 
5
(Zn,Mn)
 
3
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH,Cl)
 
12
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.05UM1987-01-CO:HMgS
Mg
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O ?
5.DA.10Artinite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.10Indigirite
Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O
5.DA.10Chlorartinite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)Cl · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.15Otwayite
Ni
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.15Zaratite
Ni
 
3
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.20Kambaldaite
NaNi
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.25Callaghanite
Cu
 
2
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.30Claraite
(Cu,Zn)
 
3
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.35Hydroscarbroite
Al
 
14
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
36
 · nH
 
2
O
5.DA.35Scarbroite
Al
 
5
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Caresite
Fe
2+
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Quintinite
Mg
 
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Charmarite
Mn
2+
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Barbertonite
Mg
 
6
(Cr,Al)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Brugnatellite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
 
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Chlormagaluminite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al
 
2
(Cl
 
2
,CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Manasseite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Sjögrenite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Zaccagnaite
Zn
 
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Comblainite
Ni
 
6
Co
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Desautelsite
Mg
 
6
Mn
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Reevesite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Stichtite
Mg
 
6
Cr
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Takovite
Ni
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50UM1998-10-CO:CoHNi
Co
 
6
Fe
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O ?
5.DA.55Coalingite
Mg
 
10
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
24
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.13.1Siderite
FeCO
 
3
11.13.3Sjögrenite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
11.13.4Brugnatellite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
 
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 4H
 
2
O
11.13.5Coalingite
Mg
 
10
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
24
 · 2H
 
2
O
11.13.6Ankerite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
 ,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)(CO
 
3
)
 
2

Other Names for Pyroaurite

Synonyms:
Igelströmite (of Heddle)Piroaurite
Other Languages:
German:Pyroaurit
Russian:Пироаурит
Spanish:Piroaurita
Varieties:
Chrome-Pyroaurite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Pyroaurite

Reference List:

- +
Igelström (1865), Öfversigt af Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien Forhandlingar: 22: 608.

Aminoff and Broomé (1930), Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm, Handlingar: 9(3), no. 5: 23.

Comucci P. (1930): - Ricerche sulla struttura della piroaurite. Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma pp. 143-148.

Frondel, C. (1941), American Mineralogist: 26: 295.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 656-658.

Processi verbali della Società Toscana di scienze naturali in Pisa: 24: 92-105.

Acta Crystallographica (1968): B24: 972-977.

Internet Links for Pyroaurite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Pyroaurite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
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    • Localities for Pyroaurite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Corinna-Savage River district
    		Bottrill & Taheri, 2008, Savage River mine, Unpub. Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania
      • Heazlewood district
    		Anderson, P., Bottrill, R. & Davidson, P. (2002): Famous mineral localities: The Lord Brassey mine, Tasmania. Mineralogical Record 33, 321-332 .
      • Zeehan District
        • Dundas mineral field
    		Bottrill RS & Baker, WE (in prep) Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania
        • North Dundas
          • Serpentine Hill
    		Bottrill RS & Baker, WE (in prep) Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania
    • Western Australia
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    		Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No. 2 , pg. 55-71.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Bad Radkersburg
        • Klöch
    		Postl, W., Bernhard, F. & Walter, F. (2010): 1669) Brucit, Pyroaurit und Strontianit aus dem Steinbruch in Klöch. Pp. 253-255 in Niedermayr et al. (2010): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LIX. Carinthia II, 200./120., 199-260.
      • Fischbacher Alpen
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Eibegggraben
    		Bojar, H.-P. & Postl, W. (2005)
      • Frohnleiten
        • Kirchdorf
    		Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2009): 1608) Magensioferrit, Pyroaurit und Tochilinit vom Kirchdorftunnel der Brucker Schnellstraße, Steiermark. P. 226-227 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236.
      • Kirchdorf
        • Traföß
    		Post. W. & Bojar, H.-P. (2006)
      • Leoben
        • Kraubath
    		Exel, R. (1993); Taucher, J. & Hollerer, Ch. E. (2006)
    R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Canada
     
    • Nova Scotia
      • Cape Breton Co.
        • Scotch Lake
    		Sabina (1965) GSC Paper 60-10, 28.
    • Ontario
      • Cochrane District
    		Mandarino, J.A. (1966): Canadian Mineralogist 8, 668-669.
      • Nipissing District
        • Mattawan Township
          • Mattawan
    		Geological Survey Of Canada Paper 70-50.
    No reference listed
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Motte
    		Sabina (2003)126
              • Marbridge No. 1 mine
    		Mineral Record (1976) 7:4 pp174-178
      • Chaudière-Appalaches
        • Les Appalaches RCM
          • Saint-Julien
    		SABINA, A.P. (1967) Geological Survey of canada Paper, 66-51, 170p
      • Laurentides
        • Antoine-Labelle RCM
          • Notre-Dame-du-Laus
    		Van Velthuizen, J. V. (1993): The Parker Mine, Notre Dame du Laus (Québec). Mineralogical Record, 24(5): 369-373.
        • Argenteuil RCM
          • Grenville-sur-la-Rouge
            • Kilmar
    		GSC Miscellaneous Report 33
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Chelsea
    		Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41
    Sabina, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 34-35 p.
    Finland
     
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Siikainen
    Germany
     
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Freiberg District
    		T. Witzke (2001): Pyroaurit von Siebenlehn bei Nossen, Sachsen.- Aufschluss 52, 45-48
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Montjovet
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Emilia-Romagna
      • Piacenza Province
        • Trebbia Valley
          • Coli
    		- Baldizzone, G. (2008): I minerali del piacentino – come riconoscerli dove trovarli. Baldizzone G., stampa Tipolito Farnese, Piacenza, 113 pp.; - Baldizzone, G. (2008): I minerali del piacentino – come riconoscerli dove trovarli. Baldizzone G., stampa Tipolito Farnese, Piacenza, 113 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		"Le miniere di Brosso" I.Campostrini 2001 - ed. Museo Regionale Torino
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Ala
    		Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)
          • Pilcante
    		- Boscardin M., Bortolozzi G. and Cassinelli C. (1984): I minerali della cava di Val di Serra, Pilcante, Trento. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 4, 143-148.
    "Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)"
        • Terragnolo
          • Terragnolo Valley
    		A. Mattiello collection
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Astico Valley
          • Cogollo del Cengio
            • Pedescala
    		M. Boscardin: Località mineralogiche consigliate: Le cave della val d'Astico - Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 10, Dec 1970, p. 7 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
        • Posina
          • Borcola Pass
    		M. Boscardin L, De Zen,A.Zordan I minerali della val Leogra e della val D'Astico. Schio (VIcenza) Dicembre 1989 pp.120
    Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
          • Mt. Pasubio
    		 Zordan A., Boscardin M. - Aggiornenti di mineralogia nel Vicentino. Determinazioni 2006. Studi e Ricerche - Associazione Amici del Museo - Museo Civico "G.Zannato", Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), 13 (2006),pp.35-40.
        • Tonezza del Cimone
    		"Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)"
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi prefecture
          • Shinshiro city
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka prefecture
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		XRD Paolo Orlandi (Pisa University)
            • Ightem
    		Favreau, G. and Dietrich, J. E. (2006). Die Mineralien von Bou Azzer. Lapis 31(7/8), 27-68
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Modum
        • Snarum
    		Eldjarn, K.(1988): Etter Neumann. NAGS-nytt 15 (1-4),62 (in norwegian)
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Zheleznogorsk
    		Mazurov, M.P., Grishina, S.N., Istomin, V.E., and Titov, A.T. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(4), 271-284.; Mazurov et al (2007) Geology of Ore Deposits, 49, 271–284.
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Asbest
    		Dana 7:I:654.
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German).
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Am Min 26 (1941); Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Nordmark (Nordmarksberg)
    		No reference listed
        • Persberg district
    		Kjell Gatedal
          • Pajsberg
    		Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    Turkey
     
    • Mediterranean Region
      • Burdur Province
        • Taurus Mts
          • Doganbaba
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 61, pages 825-830, 1976
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Shetland Islands
    		Heddle, M.F. (1878) The Geognosy and Mineralogy of Scotland. Orkney and Shetland: Islands of Uya, Haaf Grunay, Fetlar and Yell. Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 2, p. 106-133. Rouxhet, P.G. & Taylor, H.F.W. (1969) Thermal decomposition of Sjögrenite and Pyroaurite. Chimia, vol. 23, p. 480-5.
    [Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
          • Baltasound-Haroldswick area
    		BMS Database
    Heddle, M.F. (1901) Mineralogy of Scotland. vol. 1, p. 111.
    Dr Stephen Moreton collection.
    Dr Stephen Moreton collection.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Fresno Co.
        • Coalinga area
          • White Creek
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 198.
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • New Idria District
            • Picacho Peak
              • Clear Creek area
    		Joseph F. Cooper Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A.Hadley (2003) Minerology of the Victor Claim, Clear Creek Area, New Idria District, San Benito County, California.
      • San Francisco Co.
        • San Francisco
          • Duboce Street near Market Street
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199.
    Schlocker, J. (1974) Geology of the San Francisco North quadrangle. USGS Professional Paper 782, 109 pp.: 59, 62; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199.
    • Iowa
      • Sioux Co.
    		American Mineralogist: 52: 1261-1271.
    • Maryland
      • Cecil Co.
        • State Line District
    		Mineralogical Record Vol 12 #3 May/June 1981 pp149-156
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Dunn, P.J. & Leavens, P.B.: Min.Rec.:12:371-372 (1981); Frondel, C.: Mins. of Franklin & Sterling Hill, NJ - a checklist (1972): Dunn(1995):Pt4:623-624.
    • New York
      • New York City
        • Staten Island (Richmond Co.)
    		Collected by Steve Okulewicz
    • Pennsylvania
      • Lancaster Co.
        • Fulton Township
    		American Mineralogist 1965: 50: 1708-1716.
    Mineralogical Record (1981): 12(3): 149-156.
        • Little Britain Township
          • Texas
    		Lapham & Geyer, 1965. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
      • Lebanon Co.
        • Cornwall
    		Lapham & Geyer, 1965. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
    • Vermont
      • Orleans & Lamoille Cos.
        • Lowell & Eden
    		Rocks & Minerals: 21: 490; Rocks & Minerals: 22: 925; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 264.
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