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Beyerite

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Big Photo

Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
© Thomas Witzke

Show Beyerite Photos (33)



Formula:
Ca(BiO)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:White to bright yellow, ...
Lustre:AdamantineHardness:2 - 3
Name:Named after Adolph Beyer (1743-1805), mining engineer of Schneeberg, Saxony, who recognized the occurrence of a bismuth carbonate, bismutite, in nature.


An uncommon secondary Ca-Bi carbonate visually indistinguishable from Bismutite and Kettnerite.

Classification of Beyerite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/0.0-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.BE.35

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
E : With Pb, Bi
Dana 8th edition ID:16a.2.3.1

16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)3(XO3)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.10.2

11 : Carbonates
10 : Carbonates of Bi
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Type Occurrence of Beyerite

Type Locality:Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1943

Physical Properties of Beyerite

Lustre:Adamantine
Colour:White to bright yellow, or greyish-green, grey; light yellow to colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 3
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):6.56 g/cm3
Density (calculated):6.47 g/cm3

Crystallography of Beyerite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Immm {I2/m 2/m 2/m}
Cell Parameters:a = 3.7725Å, b = 3.7742Å, c = 21.726Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1 : 1 : 5.756
Unit Cell Volume:V 309.4 ų
Z:2
Morphology:Rectangular plates flattened {001} forming spherical and radial-fibrous structures. Compact earthy masses.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.632 (6)
3.354 (6)
2.851 (10)
2.721 (9)
1.755 (8)
1.688 (7)
1.530 (8)

Optical Data of Beyerite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 2.130 nε = 1.970
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.160

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic
Comments:Anomalous biaxial character exhibited in some crystals with a very small 2V.

Chemical Properties of Beyerite

Formula:
Ca(BiO)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
Essential elements:Bi, C, Ca, O
All elements listed in formula:Bi, C, Ca, O

Relationship of Beyerite to other Species

Common Associates:
Bismutite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.BE.05Shannonite
Pb
 
2
OCO
 
3
5.BE.10Hydrocerussite
Pb
 
3
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
5.BE.15Plumbonacrite
Pb
 
5
O(OH)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
5.BE.20Phosgenite
Pb
 
2
CO
 
3
Cl
 
2
5.BE.25Bismutite
(BiO)
 
2
CO
 
3
5.BE.30Kettnerite
CaBiCO
 
3
OF
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.10.1Bismutite
(BiO)
 
2
CO
 
3

Other Names for Beyerite

Other Languages:
German:Beyerit
Russian:Бейерит
Spanish:Beyerita

Other Information

Other Information:Readily soluble in acids with effervescence.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Beyerite

Reference List:

- +
Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 49 (on Bismutosphaerite believed to be beyerite).

Frondel, C. (1943): Mineralogy of the oxides and carbonates of bismuth. American Mineralogist 28, 521-535.

Heinrich (1947) American Mineralogist: 32: 660.

Lagercrantz and Sillén (1948) Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi, Stockholm: 25: 1.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 281-282.

Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi: 25A: 1-21.

Grice (2002): A solution to the crystal structures of bismutite and beyerite. Can. Mineral. 40, 693-698.

Internet Links for Beyerite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project[Link Broken?]
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  • Beyerite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)[Link Broken?]
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    • Localities for Beyerite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
      • Mt Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Cloncurry district
          • Malbon
    		Neil A. Richards 2005.
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Australian Jour.Min. v.6, no. 1
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Gastein valley
          • Naßfeld valley
            • Kreuzkogel massif
    		Niedermayr et al. (2006): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LV. – Carinthia II, 196./116.: 121-157.
        • Habach valley
          • Nasenkopf Mt.
            • Leckbachgraben (Leckbachrinne)
    		Bayerl, R. (2004): Krupkait, ein Erstfund aus dem Habachtal. Lapis 29 (7-8), 54-56. (in German)
    Lapis 25(12):42 (2000)
        • Hollersbach valley
          • Scharnbachgraben
    		Kolitsch, U., Poeverlein, R. & Gröbner, J. (2009): 1584) Weitere Nachweise von Sekundärmineralien aus den alpinen Sulfidvererzungen von Bärenbad im Hollerbachtal: Beyerit, Ferrimolybdit und Skorodit; Salzburg. Pp. 206-207 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236.
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Val-des-Monts
            • Lac Saint-Pierre (Wakefield Lake)
    		Miles, N. M., Hogarth, D.D. & Russell, D.S. (1971): Wakefieldite, yttrium vanadate, a new mineral from Quebec. American Mineralogist. 56, 395-410
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Náchod (Nachod)
    		Černý, P., Doubek, Z., Veselovský, F.: Nerosty z Bělovsi u Náchoda – Jiráskova lomu. Minerál, roč. 11, č. 6, s. 406-418.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
            • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal)
    		[MinRecord 29:164]
    Lapis 2002(7/8), 46
    France
     
    • Lorraine
      • Vosges
        • Val-d'Ajol
    		Favreau G., Iltis A. (2000), Données complémentaires sur les minéraux du Val d'Ajol (Vosges), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°1, pp: 39-54
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
          • Kälbelberg
    		No reference listed
        • Baiersbronn
          • Schönegründ
    		No reference listed
        • Calw
    		Walenta, K. (1992): "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich).; American Mineralogist: 69: 1190
          • Oberreichenbach
    		Gröbner, J. (2003): Eine Wismutvererzung bei Würzbach im Nordschwarzwald. Der Erzgräber 17 (1), 28-32.
        • Freudenstadt
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Wittern,A. (1995) Mineralien finden im Schwarzwald
        • Hausach
    		Lapis 23(4), 13-17 (1998)
        • Hornberg
    		Gröbner, J. & Schrenk, D. (2005): Die Mineralien des Tunnels bei Hornberg. Der Erzgräber 19, 17-25. (in German)
        • Schapbach
    		Markl, G. (1996): Wildschapbach: Mineralogie und Lagerstättenkunde des klassischen Schwarzwälder Bergbaureviers. Lapis 21 (11), 13-28. (in German)
    J. Gröbner: Neufunde von der Grube Katharina im Wildschapbach, Der Erzgräber 18 (2/2004), 34-37.
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		KOLITSCH, U., GRÖBNER, J. & BAYERL, R. (1995): Die Mineralien der Silber-Antimon-Vererzungen der Grube Clara im Zeitraum 1993 bis 1995. - Erzgräber 9 (2), 61-77.
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart Mts
          • Waldaschaff
    		Lorenz, J., Schmitt, R., Hahn, W. (2007): Rhabdophan und Cuprobismutit von der Barytgrube "Pauline" in Waldaschaff im Spessart, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 58, 41-54
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Waldkirchen
            • Röhrnbach
    		Habel, M. (2009): Der Granodioritbruch der Fa. Josef Uhrmann OHG, Steinerleinbach bei Röhrnbach. Mineralien-Welt 20 (2), 66-86.
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Lauterberg
    		Gröbner, J. & Kloss, D. (2010): Neufunde von der Grube Wolkenhügel bei Bad Lauterberg im Harz. Lapis 35 (1), 39-41; 62.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
          • Johanngeorgenstadt
    		Gröbner, J., Grimm, O. & Zienau, H. (2005): Neufunde interessanter Wismut- und Uranmineralien am Schaarschacht, Johanngeorgenstadt, Sachsen. Lapis 30 (6), 44-51; 62.
          • Steinbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Marienberg District
          • Lauta
    		Hajek, W. (2010): Kristallwelten Marienberg. Weise Verlag, München.
          • Neustädtel
    		Belendorff, K. (2009): Dreyerit und Rhabdophan-(Nd) aus Schneeberg, Erzgebirge. Mineralien-Welt 20 (3), 27-29
    J. Hoppner Collection
    collection Leon Hupperichs, from the Staatliche Mineralien Niederlage Freiberg
    Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
    Schlegel, L., Kleeberg, R. & Meisser, N. (1996): Lapis 21(9), 37-41.
          • Wolfgang Maaßen Mine field
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Langenberg
    		http://www.dergraul.de
    • Thuringia
      • Vogtland
        • Hirschberg
          • Ullersreuth
    		T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001(12), 13-27
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
              • Hilarion area
    		No reference listed
    Fritz Schreiber specimen
    India
     
    • Rajasthan (Rajputana)
      • Ajmer Division
        • Bhilwara District
    		Amer Min (1969) 54:1710-1725
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Vigezzo Valley
            • Craveggia
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
            • Toceno
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Vergemoli
            • Fornovolasco
    		Biagioni, C., Orlandi, P., & Bonini, M. (2008). Fornovolasco. Storia e minerali delle miniere di ferro presso Vergemoli (Alpi Apuane). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2008, 230-252
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    • Kyushu Region
      • Oita prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju farm (Friedrichsfelde farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
    • Kunene Region
      • Damaraland District
        • Khorixas
          • Mesopotamia Copper Valley
    		Niedermayr, G.(2001): Mesopotamia 504 - die Typlokalität des Namibit. In: S. Jahn, O. Medenbach, G. Niedermayr, G. Schneider: Namibia - Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle (1 and 2nd Edition, in German), 97-99; Niedermayr, G.(2001): Mesopotamia 504 - die Typlokalität des Namibit. In: S. Jahn, O. Medenbach, G. Niedermayr, G. Schneider: Namibia - Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle (1 Edition, in German), 97-99
      • Kaokoveld Plateau
    		Niedermayr, G., Schnaitmann, E. A., Brandstätter, F. (2008): Das Dioptas-Shattuckit-Vorkommen Kandesei im Kakokoland [sic]. Mineralien-Welt 19, 76-93 (in German).
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Fyresdal
        • Moisesberg mines
    		Nordrum, F.S. & Larsen, A.O. (1995): Erts- og sekundærmineraler fra De Lampertiske Duers gruve, Moiseberg kobberverk i Fyresdal. Bergverksmuseet Skrift 9,38-41
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Northern Karelia
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Córdoba
        • Villanueva de Córdoba
    		Schnorrer, G. (2000): Die Minerale der ehemaligen Grube Espuela de San Miguel bei Villanueva de Cordoba, Prov. Cordoba in Spanien. Der Aufschluss, 51, 211-222. (in German)
    • Asturias
      • Belmonte de Miranda
    		JGRW
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Bregaglia Valley (Bergell)
        • Albigna Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 77
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Riviera
        • Lodrino
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 77
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
          • Bovernier
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 77.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • South Eastern Region (Westmorland)
          • Eastern Fells
            • Shap
    		M.Wirth and D.Green,UK J.Mines & Minerals,2002,N0.22,pp.43-52
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Wickenburg
    		No reference listed
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)
          • Castle Creek District
    		Joe Ruiz, Mammoth, AZ, USA
    Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 6. Mr. Joe Ruiz, Mammoth, AZ, personal communication to John Ebner, Ronald Deblois, Eckhard Stuart and C. Lemanski, Jr. (2008).
        • White Picacho District
          • San Domingo Wash
    		Jahns, R.H. (1952), Pegmatite Deposits of the White Picacho District, Maricopa and Yavapai Cos., AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 162: 93-96.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Jurupa Mts
          • Jurupa
    		MinRec 15:273-290
      • San Diego Co.
        • Mesa Grande District
          • Gem Hill
    		Foord, E. E. (1977), Famous Mineral Localities: the Himalaya Dike System, Mesa Grande District, San Diego County, California. Mineralogical Record 8(6): p. 471.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Chief Mountain
    		Mineralogical Record (2002): 33(5): 388.
            • Hiriart Mountain (Hariat Mtn; Harriot Mtn; Heriart Mtn; Heriot Mtn; Hiriat Hill)
    		[MinRecord 29:164]
            • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282.
        • Ramona District
          • Ramona
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1996), 60: 387-388.
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Eight Mile Park pegmatite District
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 15, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    [MinRec 29:165]
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide
      • Park Co.
        • Guffey District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Eckel, E. B. (1997) Minerals of Colorado.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT & SE NY State
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Goodsprings District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Tule Canyon District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Luna Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996
    Min Rec 20:1 p57
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Jahns, R. H. and Ewing, R. C. (1977): The Harding mine, Taos County, New Mexico. Mineralogical Record, 8 (2): 115-126.
    • Utah
      • Utah Co.
        • Tintic District
          • Eureka
    		Antonio Borrelli collection
    • Wisconsin
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Waterloo
    		Buchholz, T.W., Falster, A.U., and Simmons, WmB. (2007) 34th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, Contributed Papers.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2011. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 19th Jun 2011 15:53:25
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