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Breithauptite

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Balcoll Mine, Falset, Priorat, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
© Rafa Muñoz Alvarado

Show Breithauptite Photos (10)
Formula:
NiSb
System:HexagonalColour:Copper-red with a violet ...
Hardness:5½
Name:After the Saxon mineralogist Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt (1791-1873).


Nickeline Group

Classification of Breithauptite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.20-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.CC.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
C : With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:2.8.11.2

2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.11.36

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni
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Type Occurrence of Breithauptite

Type Locality:St Andreasberg, St Andreasberg District, Harz Mts, Lower Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1840

Occurrences of Breithauptite

Geological Setting:In hydrothermal veins associated with other nickle and cobalt arsenides.

Physical Properties of Breithauptite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Copper-red with a violet tint
Streak:Reddish brown
Hardness (Mohs):5½
Tenacity:Brittle
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):7.591 - 8.23 g/cm3
Density (calculated):8.629 g/cm3

Crystallography of Breithauptite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:P63/mmc {P63/m 2/m 2/c}
Cell Parameters:a = 3.946Å, c = 5.148Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.305
Unit Cell Volume:V 69.42 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Thin tabular, arborescent, disseminated, massive
Twinning:Twin plane {1011}
Crystal Atlas:
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Breithauptite - Tabular {001}

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Optical Data of Breithauptite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:noticeable in oil and air
Pleochroism:Visible

Chemical Properties of Breithauptite

Formula:
NiSb
Essential elements:Ni, Sb
All elements listed in formula:Ni, Sb
Common Impurities:Fe,Co,As,S

Relationship of Breithauptite to other Species

Common Associates:
SilverNickelineCalcite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.CC.05Achavalite
FeSe
2.CC.05Freboldite
CoSe
2.CC.05Kotulskite
Pd(Te,Bi)
 
1-2
2.CC.05Langisite
(Co,Ni)As
2.CC.05Nickeline
NiAs
2.CC.05Sederholmite
NiSe beta-NiSe
2.CC.05Sobolevskite
PdBi
2.CC.05Stumpflite
Pt(Sb,Bi)
2.CC.05Sudburyite
(Pd,Ni)Sb
2.CC.05Jaipurite
CoS
2.CC.05Zlatogorite
NiCuSb
 
2
2.CC.10Pyrrhotite
Fe
 
7
S
 
8
, (-4M), also given as Fe
 
1-x
S (x = 0 - 0.2)
2.CC.10Smythite
(Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
11
2.CC.10Troilite
FeS
2.CC.15Cherepanovite
RhAs
2.CC.15Modderite
(Co,Fe)As
2.CC.15Ruthenarsenite
(Ru,Ni)As
2.CC.15Westerveldite
(Fe,Ni,Co)As
2.CC.20Millerite
NiS
2.CC.20Mäkinenite
γ-NiSe
2.CC.20UM1990-38-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh
(Ir,Pt,Ni,Fe)S
2.CC.25Mackinawite
(Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
8
2.CC.30Hexatestibiopanickelite
Ni(Te,Sb)
2.CC.30Vavřínite
Ni
 
2
SbTe
 
2
2.CC.35aBraggite
(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
2.CC.35bCooperite
(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
2.CC.35aVysotskite
(Pd,Ni)S
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.11.1Heazlewoodite
Ni
 
3
S
 
2
3.11.2Godlevskite
(Ni,Fe)
 
9
S
 
8
3.11.3Millerite
NiS
3.11.4Polydymite
Ni
2+
 
Ni
3+
2
S
 
4
3.11.5Vaesite
NiS
 
2
3.11.6Shandite
Ni
 
3
Pb
 
2
S
 
2
3.11.7Donharrisite
Ni
 
8
Hg
 
3
S
 
9
3.11.8Violarite
Fe
2+
 
Ni
3+
2
S
 
4
3.11.9Pentlandite
(Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
8
3.11.10Bravoite
(Fe,Ni)S
 
2
3.11.11Siegenite
from CoNi
 
2
S
 
4
 to NiCo
 
2
S
 
4
3.11.12Fletcherite
Cu(Ni,Co)
 
2
S
 
4
3.11.13Villamanínite
(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S
 
2
3.11.14Mäkinenite
γ-NiSe
3.11.15Sederholmite
NiSe beta-NiSe
3.11.16Trüstedtite
Ni
 
3
Se
 
4
3.11.17Wilkmanite
Ni
 
3
Se
 
4
3.11.18Kullerudite
NiSe
 
2
3.11.19Penroseite
(Ni,Co,Cu)Se
 
2
3.11.20Tyrrellite
Cu(Co
3+
 
,Ni
3+
 
)
 
2
Se
 
4
3.11.21Imgreite
NiTe (?)
3.11.22Melonite
NiTe
 
2
3.11.23Kitkaite
NiTeSe
3.11.24Dienerite
3.11.25Orcelite
Ni
 
5-x
As
 
2
3.11.26Maucherite
Ni
 
11
As
 
8
3.11.27Nickeline
NiAs
3.11.28Rammelsbergite
NiAs
 
2
3.11.29Pararammelsbergite
NiAs
 
2
3.11.30Nickelskutterudite
NiAs
 
2-3
3.11.31Oregonite
Ni
 
2
FeAs
 
2
3.11.32Westerveldite
(Fe,Ni,Co)As
3.11.33Langisite
(Co,Ni)As
3.11.34Gersdorffite
NiAsS
3.11.35Jolliffeite
NiAsSe
3.11.38Ullmannite
NiSbS
3.11.39Willyamite
(Co,Ni)SbS

Other Names for Breithauptite

Synonyms:
Antimonnicke (of Stromeyer)Briethauptite (of Fröbel)
Other Languages:
German:Antimonnickel (of Stromeyer)
Breithauptit
Russian:Брейтгауптит
Spanish:Breithauptita
Varieties:
Arite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Breithauptite

Reference List:Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 238-239.

Economic Geology (1948): 43: 408.

Internet Links for Breithauptite

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    Localities for Breithauptite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Jujuy
      • Aguilar district
    		Econ Geol (1992) 87:2085-2112; Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina)
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    • South Australia
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Nairne
    		No reference listed
    • Western Australia
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 72, pages 401-403, 1987
      • Pilbara Region
        • East Pilbara Shire
          • Nullagine
    		Nickel, E. H.; Hallbert, J. A.; Halligan, R. (1979): Unusual nickel mineralization at Nullagine, Western Australia. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 26, 61-71.
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    		Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No. 2 , pg. 55-71.
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • Radstadt
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    • Styria
      • Leoben
    		Meixner, H. (1959): Kraubather Lagerstättenstudien. V. Die Nickelmineralisation im Kraubather Serpentingebiet. - Berg- und Hüttenmännische Mh. 104, 83-87; Aufschluss 1972(SB), 80-83
      • Schladming
        • Schladminger Tauern Mts
          • Obertalbach valley
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993); Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2008)
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lynn Lake
    		No reference listed
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
        • Itchen Lake
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1984) 22, 493-498
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1971): 10: 128
      • Sudbury District
        • McKim Township
          • Sudbury
    		Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 511.
        • Snider Township
    		No reference listed
      • Thunder Bay District
        • Marathon
          • Hemlo gold deposit
    		ontariominerals.com
        • Sibley Township
          • Silver Islet
    		[MinRec 17:59]
      • Timiskaming District
        • Cobalt-Gowganda region
    		No reference listed
          • Miller Lake area
            • Nichol Township
    		Geological Survey of Canada Paper 73-13
          • South Lorrain Township
    		geological survey of canada paper 73-13
        • Coleman Township
          • Cobalt
    		Sergiades, A.O., Silver Cobalt Calcite Vein Deposits of Ontario, 1968
    ontariominerals.com
    the Canadian Mineralogist V 11 Part 1 1971
          • Cobalt Lake
    		ontariominerals.com
          • Cross Lake
    		geological survey of canada paper 73-13
    • Québec
      • Centre-du-Québec
        • Arthabaska RCM
          • Saints-Martyrs-Canadiens
    		Min. Rec. 27, 133
    • Yukon Territory
      • Whitehorse Mining District
        • Kluane District
    		Can. Min. Special Publication 6
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    Finland
     
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Vaasa
    		American Mineralogist (1977): 62: 1059-1060.
    Geological Survey of Finland website
    • Oulun (Oulu) Lääni
      • Vihanti
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Aquitaine
      • Pyrénées-Atlantiques
        • Eaux-Bonnes
    		[var: Arite] No reference listed
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Hautes-Pyrénées
        • Argelès-Gazost
          • Pierrefitte
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1 (1990)
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Alpes-Maritimes
        • Saint-Etienne-de-Tinée
    		R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J. Feraud, J. Vernet : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France, N° 4, Alpes Maritimes", BRGM, 1974
    R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J. Feraud, J. Vernet : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France, N° 4, Alpes Maritimes", BRGM, 1974
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Rhône
    		French BRGM data
      • Savoie
        • La Lauzière massif
          • Montchabert
    		DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R. (2000). La Lauzière : les espèces minérales, Savoie, France. Le Règne Minéral hors-série n°6, pp. 24-39. Editions du Piat.
    DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R. (2000). La Lauzière : les espèces minérales, Savoie, France. Le Règne Minéral hors-série n°6, pp. 24-39. Editions du Piat.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wieden
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Frohnbach valley
    		[var: Arite] Frank Keutsch collection
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Braunlage
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • St Andreasberg District
    		Haidinger W (1845) Zweite Klasse: Geogenide. XIII. Ordnung. Kiese. I. Nickelkies. Breithauptit., in Handbuch der Bestimmenden Mineralogie Bei Braumüller and Seidel Wien 559-562
    No reference listed
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Meschede
          • Bestwig
            • Nuttlar
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Kirchheimbolanden
        • Imsbach
    		Lapis, 9 (5), 36-39.
      • Lahn valley
        • Bad Ems District
          • Bad Ems
    		Ramdohr, P., (1975): Die Erzminerale und ihre Verwachsungen, p. 671, Stuttgart
      • Obermoschel
    		Lapis 2001(6), 13-40
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Vogtland
        • Oelsnitz
          • Schönbrunn
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Gröbner, J. and Kolitsch, U. (2007): The minerals of the uranium prospect at Tirpersdorf, Vogtland. Lapis 32, 37-42; 58. (in German)
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
    		[Mineralogical Record - Vol 24 No 2]
          • Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord)
    		Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    India
     
    • Rajasthan (Rajputana)
      • Ajmer Division
        • Bhilwara District
    		Höller, W., and Gandhi, S.M. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 60, 99-119.
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Kerry
      • Killarney
        • Lough Leane
    		Ixer, R.A. 2004. Catalogue of Petrographic Descriptions for Rock and Ore Samples, Ross Island Mine. In: O\'Brien, W. ed. Ross Island - Mining, Metal and Society in Early Ireland. Bronze Age Studies 6, Department of Archaeology, National University of Ireland, Galway, 768pp.
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Lanzo Massif
              • Balangero - Corio area
    		Prete, R. (1995): L'amiantifera di S. Vittore, Balangero, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1995, 313-333.
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Muravera
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Brizzi G., (1993): Sarrabus Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", 208 pp.
        • San Vito
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    Stara, Rizzo, Brizzi, 1993. Sarrabus: Miniere e Minerali. Stige, Milano.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    "Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Fluminimaggiore
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 192 pp.
        • Iglesias
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Arbus
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2, 192 pp.
        • Gonnosfanadiga
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 239 pp.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2, 192 pp.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 239 pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Passiria Valley (Passeier Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kinki Region
        • Kyoto Prefecture
    		Agata (1973) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, B30.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Vegårdshei (Vegårshei)
    		Naik (1975, p. 186); Neumann (1985, p. 28).
    • Nordland
      • Ballangen
    		Karup-Møller (1973); Neumann (1985, p. 28).
      • Fauske
    		Ramdohr (1938, p. 276, footnote); Neumann (1985, p. 28).
      • Hemnes
        • Bleikvassli
    		Vokes (1963, pp. 61-62); Neumann (1985, p. 28).; Cook, N.J., Spry, P.G., and Vokes, F.M. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 34, 35-56.
      • Rana
    		Saager (1967); Neumann (1985, p. 28).
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
            • Noril'sk
    		Gritsenko, Y.D., and Spiridonov, E.M. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 590-598.
              • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
    		Gritsenko, Y.D., and Spiridonov, E.M. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 590-598.
      • Tuva Republic
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Khabarovskiy Kray
        • Komsomolski ore District
    		No reference listed
      • Magadanskaya Oblast'
        • Kolyma River Basin
          • Omchak gold field
    		Goryachev, N.A., Vikent’eva, O.V., Bortnikov, N.S., Prokof’ev, V.Y., Alpatov, V.A., and Golub, V.V. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(5), 362-390.
    • Northern Caucasus Region
      • Adygea (Adygeya) Republic
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Pechengsky District
    		Abzalov, M.Z., and Both, R.A. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 61, 119-143.
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Karabash (Karabasch)
            • Soimon Valley
    		Gritsenko, Y.D., and Spiridonov, E.M. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 590-598.
      • Tyumenskaya Oblast'
        • Prepolar Ural
          • Saranpaul
    		[MinRec 30:465]
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Maťo,Ľ., Maťová, 1994: Mineralizácia v okolí Ozdína, výskyt zlata s obsahom Sb-Ni v tmavých bridliciach, JZ časti veporského kryštalinika (stredné Slovensko). Min.Slovaca, 26,1,30 – 37
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Ďuďa R., Peterec D., 1995 : Die Mineralien der siderit - baryt lagersttäte von Rudňany ( Kotterbach ) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern/, 1, s.20 - 31
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
    		Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Lleida (Lérida)
        • Aran Valley
          • Naut Aran
    		Mata-Perelló (1990) "Els minerals de Catalunya" Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Barcelona: 441p
      • Tarragona
        • Priorat
          • Falset
    		MTI Mineralogía Topográfica Ibérica, 2009
    Sweden
     
    • Östergötland
      • Finspång
        • Doverstorp ore field
    		No reference listed
    • Södermanland
      • Nyköping
        • Långsjön
    		NJMMh 1982, 201
        • Tunaberg
    		No reference listed
    Canadian Mineralogist 29:199 -205 ; EurJMin 5, 165
    Canadian Mineralogist 1994) 32, 179-183
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Neues Jahrb.Mineral. Monatsch., 145-154
        • Gruvåsen
    		No reference listed
    • Västerbotten
      • Sandfors
    		No reference listed
    T. Wikström, thesis from Stockholm University
    • Västmanland
      • Hällefors
        • Grythyttan
    		No reference listed
      • Lindesberg
    		No reference listed
      • Ljusnarsberg
        • Kopparberg
    		No reference listed
      • Sala
    		No reference listed
      • Skinnskatteberg
        • Riddarhyttan
    		No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
            • Potts Gill
    		No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • East Hampton
    		Januzzi (1976) Mineral Localities of Connecticut & Southeastern New York State
      • New Haven Co.
        • Seymour
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Verbeek, E.R. & Sutphin H.B., The Picking Table:31(1):2-5 (1990); Dunn(1995):Pt4:544.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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