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Chalconatronite

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Big Photo

Carr Boyd Rocks Ni mine (Carr Boyd Ni mine), Goongarrie, Kalgoorlie-Boulder City, Goldfields-Esperance region, Western Australia, Australia
© Knut Eldjarn

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Formula:
Na
 
2
Cu(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Greenish-blue to pale ...
Name:For the chemical composition


Rare secondary copper mineral.

Note: Chalconatronite can crystallise on the surface of archaeological Cu objects (artefacts) which have been treated with an aqueous Na2CO3 solution in order to stabilise them (Pollard et al., 1990).

Classification of Chalconatronite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/D.02-70
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.CB.40

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
C : Carbonates without additional anions, with H2O
B : With large cations (alkali and alkali-earth carbonates)
Dana 8th edition ID:15.2.3.1

15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
2 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p > 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.2.4

11 : Carbonates
2 : Carbonates of Cu
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Type Occurrence of Chalconatronite

Type Locality:Egypt
Year of Discovery:1955
Geological Setting of type material:Originally found as alteration of bronze artifact.

Occurrences of Chalconatronite

Geological Setting:Secondary mineral in oxidation zones

Physical Properties of Chalconatronite

Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Greenish-blue to pale blue
Comment:Soft
Density (measured):2.27(3) g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.31 g/cm3
Comment:Calculated from synthetic material

Crystallography of Chalconatronite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.7Å, b = 6.09Å, c = 13.82Å
β = 91.92°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.593 : 1 : 2.269
Unit Cell Volume:V 815.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Fine grained crusts of pseudohexagonal plates or laths, massive, blebs, films.
Comment:Synthetic

Optical Data of Chalconatronite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.483 nβ = 1.530 nγ = 1.576
2V:Measured: 70° , Calculated: 86°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.093

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:none
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X= nearly colorless
Y= pale blue
Z= blue

Chemical Properties of Chalconatronite

Formula:
Na
 
2
Cu(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
Essential elements:C, Cu, H, Na, O
All elements listed in formula:C, Cu, H, Na, O

Relationship of Chalconatronite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.CB.05Thermonatrite
Na
 
2
CO
 
3
 · H
 
2
O
5.CB.10Natron
Na
 
2
CO
 
3
 · 10H
 
2
O
5.CB.15Trona
Na
 
3
H(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.CB.20Monohydrocalcite
CaCO
 
3
 · H
 
2
O
5.CB.25Ikaite
CaCO
 
3
 · 6H
 
2
O
5.CB.30Pirssonite
Na
 
2
Ca(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.CB.35Gaylussite
Na
 
2
Ca(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.CB.45Baylissite
K
 
2
Mg(CO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.CB.50Tuliokite
Na
 
6
BaTh(CO
 
3
)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.2.1Malachite
Cu
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
11.2.2Azurite
Cu
 
3
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
11.2.5Callaghanite
Cu
 
2
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O

Other Names for Chalconatronite

Other Languages:
German:Chalconatronit
Russian:Хальконатронит
Spanish:Chalconatronita

Other Information

Other Information:Partialy soluble
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Chalconatronite

Reference List:

- +
American Mineralogist: 40: 943.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 148: 165-175.

Pollard, A. M.; Thomas, R. G.; Williams, P. A. (1990): Mineralogical changes arising from the use of aqueous sodium carbonate solutions for the treatment of archaeological copper objects. Studies in Conservation 35, 148-152.

Internet Links for Chalconatronite

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  • Chalconatronite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Chalconatronite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Goongarrie
    		[MinRec 9:113]; Mineralogical Magazine 1977 41 : 37-41; Min Mag (1979) 43, 97-98
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Can Min 32:843 - 854 (1994)
    Chile
     
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District
    		Maurizio Dini
    Egypt
    Science (1955) 122, 75-76
    Germany
     
    • Hesse
      • Richelsdorf District
        • Süss
          • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Braunlage
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Lapis, 11 (1), 9-18+42
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Meschede
          • Ramsbeck
    		Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    T Thieme collection
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
        • Bad Ems District
          • Braubach
    		Lapis, 16 (1), 38-53+58.
          • Frücht
    		[MinRec 18:365]
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Lapis 17(12), 24-33
    Switzerland
     
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Bex
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 106.
    USA
     
    • Colorado
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Slick Rock District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Michigan
      • Houghton Co.
        • Centennial
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (E. W. Heinrich & G. W. Robinson)
    Rocks & Minerals 82:276-297
      • Ontonagon Co.
        • White Pine
    		R&M 74:3 p160-176
    • Virginia
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
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