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Chenite

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Meadowfoot Smelter (slag locality), Wanlockhead, Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfries-shire), Scotland, UK
© Stephan Wolfsried

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Formula:
Pb
 
4
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
System:TriclinicColour:Pale blue
Hardness:2½
Member of:Linarite-Chenite Group
Name:For Canadian mineralogist, Tzong T. Chen (b. 1942)


Linarite-Chenite Group.

Classification of Chenite

IMA status:Approved 1983
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/B.10-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.BC.70

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:30.1.16.1

30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.7.8

25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
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Type Occurrence of Chenite

Type Locality:Susanna Mine (Glennery Scar Vein; Susanna Vein (Scar Vein); Portobello Vein; Humby Vein; Lead Vein), Leadhills, South Lanarkshire, Strathclyde (Lanarkshire), Scotland, UK
Year of Discovery:1986

Physical Properties of Chenite

Lustre:Adamantine
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Pale blue
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Hardness Data:Measured
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {100}.
Density (measured):5.98 g/cm3
Density (calculated):6.044 g/cm3

Crystallography of Chenite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 5.791(1) Å, b = 7.940(1) Å, c = 7.976(1) Å
α = 112.02(1)°, β = 97.73(1)°, γ = 100.45(1)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.729 : 1 : 1.005
Unit Cell Volume:V 326.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Tabular, pointed, rich in faces.

Optical Data of Chenite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.871 nβ = 1.909 nγ = 1.927
2V:Measured: 67° , Calculated: 66°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.056

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:very strong

Chemical Properties of Chenite

Formula:
Pb
 
4
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, Pb, S
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, Pb, S

Relationship of Chenite to other Species

Member of:Linarite-Chenite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Linarite
PbCu(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
Munakataite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
(Se
4+
 
O
 
3
)(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
Schmiederite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
(Se
6+
 
O
 
4
)(Se
4+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.BC.05D'Ansite
Na
 
21
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
10
Cl
 
3
7.BC.10Alunite
KAl
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Ammonioalunite
(NH
 
4
)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Ammoniojarosite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Argentojarosite
AgFe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Beaverite-(Cu)
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Cu)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Dorallcharite
(Tl,K)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Huangite
Ca
 
0.5
Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Hydroniumjarosite
(H
 
3
O)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Jarosite
KFe
3+
 
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Minamiite
(Na,Ca
 
0.5
,K)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Natroalunite
(Na,K)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Natrojarosite
NaFe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Osarizawaite
Pb(Al,Cu)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Plumbojarosite
Pb
 
0.5
Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Schlossmacherite
(H
 
3
O,Ca)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.10Walthierite
Ba
 
0.5
Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
7.BC.15Ye'elimite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
6
(SO
 
4
)O
 
12
7.BC.20Atlasovite
K(BiO)Cu
 
6
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
O
 
3
Cl
7.BC.20Nabokoite
KCu
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)OCl
7.BC.25Chlorothionite
K
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)Cl
 
2
7.BC.30Euchlorine
KNaCu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
O
7.BC.30Fedotovite
K
 
2
Cu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
O
7.BC.35Kamchatkite
KCu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
OCl
7.BC.40Piypite
K
 
2
Cu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
7.BC.45Klyuchevskite
K
 
3
Cu
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
2
7.BC.45Alumoklyuchevskite
K
 
3
Cu
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
2
7.BC.50Caledonite
Cu
 
2
Pb
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
6
7.BC.55Wherryite
Pb
 
7
Cu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
7.BC.60Mammothite
Pb
 
6
Cu
 
4
AlSb(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
Cl
 
4
7.BC.65Linarite
PbCu(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
7.BC.65Schmiederite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
(Se
6+
 
O
 
4
)(Se
4+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
7.BC.65Munakataite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
(Se
4+
 
O
 
3
)(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
7.BC.75Krivovichevite
Pb
 
3
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
7
7.BC.80Anhydrokainite
KMg(SO
 
4
)Cl
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.7.1Schaurteite
Ca
 
3
Ge(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.7.2Zircosulfate
(Zr,Ti)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.7.3Anglesite
PbSO
 
4
25.7.4Lanarkite
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
25.7.5Palmierite
(K,Na)
 
2
Pb(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.7.6Linarite
PbCu(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
25.7.7Elyite
Pb
 
4
Cu(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
25.7.9Osarizawaite
Pb(Al,Cu)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.7.10Itoite
Pb
 
3
Ge
4+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
25.7.11Fleischerite
Pb
 
3
Ge(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.7.12Beaverite-(Cu)
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Cu)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.7.13Plumbojarosite
Pb
 
0.5
Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6

Other Names for Chenite

Synonyms:
IMA1983-069
Other Languages:
German:Chenit
Russian:Ченит
Spanish:Chenita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Chenite

Reference List:

- +
Paar, W. H., Mereiter, K., Braithwaite, R. S. W., Keller, P. and Dunn, P. J. (1986), "Chenite, Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6, a new mineral, from Leadhills, Scotland": Mineralogical Magazine: 50: 129-135.

American Mineralogist: 72: 222.

Hess, H., Keller., P. and Riffel, H. (1988): The crystal structure of chenite, Pb4Cu(OH)6(SO4)2. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988, 259-264.

Krause, W. (1991): Chenit von der Grube Virneberg bei Rheinbreitbach. Aufschluss 42, 147-153. (in German)

Internet Links for Chenite

Search Engines:
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    • External Links:
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  • Look for Chenite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Chenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
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  • Fabre Minerals - search for Chenite specimens
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    • Localities for Chenite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • St Martin am Silberberg
    		Blaß, G., Graf, H.-W. & Pichler, A. (1997): Sekundäre Neubildungen in Schlacken von St. Martin am Silberberg in Kärnten (1). Mineralien-Welt, 8(5), 42-45.
    • Styria
      • Niedere Tauern Mts
        • Öblarn
          • Walchen
    		Schebesta, K. (1992): Schlackenminerale aus der Walchen bei Öblarn. Lapis 17 (2), 19-30; 50.
    Belgium
     
    • Limburg Province
      • Dilsen-Stokkem
    • Namur Province
      • Andenne
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Poullaouen
    		Germain C., Leydet J-C., Saget Ph. (1990), Les minéraux de néoformation de Huelgoat (Finistère), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°3, 3-16
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Aude
        • Tuchan
          • Padern
    		Favreau, G., Berbain, C. & Meisser, N. (2003): Cyanophyllite et autres minéraux rares de Padern (Aude). Le Cahiers des Micromonteurs, 82(4), 17-23.
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Loire
        • La Pacaudière
          • Le Crozet
    		No reference listed
      • Rhône
        • Poule-les-Echarmeaux
    		Chollet Pascal Collection
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Badenweiler
          • Badenweiler Pb mining District
            • Sehringen
    		Schlomann, C. and Steen, H. (1990) Neue Mineralfunde aus dem Bergbaugebiet von Badenweiler im Südschwarzwald. Lapis, 15 (12), 13-20; 50. (in German)
    S. Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Emmendingen
          • Freiamt Pb-Cu mining District
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • St Blasien
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1991): Mineralogische Notizen V, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 42, 155-171
        • Goslar
          • Astfeld
    		No reference listed
        • Lautenthal
    		No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Meschede
          • Ramsbeck
    		Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Sundern
          • Bönkhausen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Westerwald
        • Linz am Rhein
          • Rheinbreitbach
    		Krause, W. (1991): Chenit von der Grube Virneberg bei Rheinbreitbach, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 42, 147-153
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Sounion Area
            • Agia Varvara Mines (St Barbara Mines)
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Massa Marittima
    		Jansen, H. & van den Berg, W. (1998): Slakkenmineralen in Toscane (Italië). Gea, no. 4, 109-117 (in Dutch).
      • Livorno Province
        • Campiglia Marittima
    		Jansen, H. & van den Berg, W. (1998): Slakkenmineralen in Toscane (Italië). Gea, no. 4, 109-117 (in Dutch).
          • Sassetta
    		Jansen, H. & van den Berg, W. (1998): Slakkenmineralen in Toscane (Italië). Gea, no. 4, 109-117 (in Dutch).
        • Piombino
    		Jansen, H. & van den Berg, W. (1998): Slakkenmineralen in Toscane (Italië). Gea, no. 4, 109-117 (in Dutch).
    UK
     
    • England
      • Co. Durham
        • North Pennines
          • Derwent Valley
            • Castleside
    		R. S. W. Braithwaite, R. P. H. Lamb & A. L. Nattrass (2006): Heavy metals and their weathering products in residues from Castleside Smelting Mill, County Durham, including a new slag mineral, copper antimonate. Journal of the Russell Society, 9, 54-61.
      • Cornwall
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Porthleven
    		g.curtis collection
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
    		UKJMM 16
            • Roughton Gill
    		Journal of The Russell Society, Volume11, 2008
    Journal of The Russell Society, Volume 11, 2008
          • Threlkeld District
            • Blencathra
    		UK Journal of Mines and Minerals number 29 2008
    • Scotland
      • Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfries-shire)
        • Wanlockhead
    		BMS Database
    S Rust collection
    S.Rust collection
      • Strathclyde (Lanarkshire)
        • South Lanarkshire
          • Leadhills
    		BMS Database
    W. H. Paar et al.: Mineral. Mag. 50:129-135 (1986)
    • Wales
      • Ceredigion (Dyfed; Cardiganshire)
        • Ceulanymaesmawr
          • Talybont
    		S Rust
            • Nant-y-Moch Reservoir area
    		UKJMM 18
        • Trefeirig
          • Pen-bont Rhydybeddau
    		[UK Journal of Mines and Minerals No.14 p.9]
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2011. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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