Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Calaveras County, California, USAi
Regional Level Types
Calaveras CountyCounty
CaliforniaState
USACountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosMapsSearch
Type:
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Rancho Calaveras4,489 (2018)
Arnold3,843 (2011)
Copperopolis3,671 (2011)
Valley Springs3,553 (2011)
San Andreas2,783 (2011)
Angels Camp2,677 (2012)
Mindat Locality ID:
16293
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:16293:2
GUID (UUID V4):
3abab135-4143-4a44-bb0d-399790a73b95
Other Languages:
French:
Comté de Calaveras, Californie, États-Unis
German:
Calaveras County, Kalifornien, Vereinigte Staaten
Italian:
Contea di Calaveras, California, Stati Uniti d'America
Russian:
Калаверас, Калифорния, Соединённые Штаты Америки
Simplified Chinese:
卡拉韦拉斯县, 加利福尼亚州, 美国
Spanish:
Condado de Calaveras, California, Estados Unidos
Albanian:
Calaveras County, Kalifornia, Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës
Arabic:
مقاطعة كالافيراس, كاليفورنيا, الولايات المتحدة
Armenian:
Քալավերաս շրջան, Կալիֆոռնիա, Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգներ
Basque:
Calaveras konderria, Kalifornia
Bavarian:
Calaveras County, Kalifornien, Vaoanigte Stootn
Bishnupriya Manipuri:
ক্লাবেরাস কাউন্টি, ক্যালিফোর্নিয়া, তিলপারাষ্ট্র
Bulgarian:
Калаверас, Калифорния, Съединени американски щати
Cebuano:
Calaveras County, California
Czech:
Calaveras County, Kalifornie, Spojené státy americké
Danish:
Calaveras County, Californien, USA
Dutch:
Calaveras County, Verenigde Staten
Estonian:
Calaverase maakond, California, Ameerika Ühendriigid
Farsi/Persian:
شهرستان کالاوراس، کالیفرنیا, کالیفرنیا, ایالات متحده آمریکا
Finnish:
Calaverasin piirikunta, Kalifornia, Yhdysvallat
Galician:
Calaveras, California, Estados Unidos de América
Hungarian:
Calaveras megye, Kalifornia, Amerikai Egyesült Államok
Irish Gaelic:
Contae Calaveras, California, Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá
Japanese:
カラベラス郡, カリフォルニア州, アメリカ合衆国
Kapampangan:
Calaveras County, California, Estados Unidos
Latin:
Calaveras Comitatus, California, Civitates Foederatae Americae
Limburgian:
Calaveras County, Californië, Vereinegde Staote vaan Amerika
Low Saxon/Low German:
Calaveras County, Kalifornien, USA
Malayalam:
കലവെറാസ് കൗണ്ടി, കാലിഫോർണിയ
Norwegian:
Calaveras County, California, USA
Polish:
Hrabstwo Calaveras, Kalifornia, Stany Zjednoczone
Portuguese:
Condado de Calaveras, Califórnia, Estados Unidos
Serbian:
Округ Калаверас, Калифорнија, Сједињене Америчке Државе
Serbo-Croatian:
Calaveras County, Kalifornija, Sjedinjene Američke Države
Swedish:
Calaveras County, Kalifornien, USA
Tagalog:
Calaveras County, California, Estados Unidos
Traditional Chinese:
卡拉韋拉斯縣, 加利福尼亞州, 美國
Turkish:
Calaveras County, Kaliforniya, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
Ukrainian:
Калаверас, Каліфорнія, Сполучені Штати Америки
Urdu:
کالاویریس کاؤنٹی، کیلیفورنیا, کیلیفورنیا, ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا
Vietnamese:
Quận Calaveras, California, Chủng Quốc Hoa Kỳ
Waray:
Condado han Calaveras, California, Estados Unidos
Western Punjabi:
کالاویراس کاؤنٹی, کیلیفورنیا, امریکہ



07725340015653762895185.jpg
Welcome to Calavaras County!
History
The history of Calaveras County is much like that of other counties in the California Mother Lode. Hoards of miners came; water systems were developed; settlements grew up around the more successful and environmentally rich mining areas; transportation networks developed, first as trails and then as wagon roads; farms, orchards, and truck gardens sprang up; saloons and fandango halls, along with boarding houses provided entertainment, bed, bath, and sustenance; and the bare bones of civilization in the form of government, newspapers, and social lodges developed from a beautiful wilderness.

VALUABLE MINERAL RESOURCES OF CALAVERAS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

From 1880 to 1960, Gold, Copper and Limestone have accounted for the greatest portion of wealth produced by Calaveras county. However, other important mineral commodities include Zinc, Silver, Lead, Chromite, Clay, Stone as well as Sand and Gravel.

Gold
Probably the best known collectible minerals found in Calaveras county are the fine, crystallized specimens of native gold in quartz that have been taken from some of the Mother Lode mines and many of the east and west belt mines. The largest and most famous specimen was the 195-pound mass of gold found at Carson Hill in 1854. Also, a number of large nuggets have been taken from placer deposits; a 94-ounce gold nugget was found south of Campo Seco in 1854. Gold is the best known mineral commodity of Calaveras county and was the chief attraction to the early-day settlers in the area. Since 1880, the value of the recorded gold output of the county has amounted to $78,031,158. However, the value of the total gold output of the county is much greater because of the vast yield from the rich surface placers mined during the gold rush, for which production records are not available. Since World War II, gold production in Calaveras county has followed a diminishing trend.



Asbestos
Chrysotile asbestos has been produced commercially in small quantities in Calaveras county. Serpentine, is the host rock for Chrysotile asbestos, and is abundant in the western portion of Calaveras county. The Asbestos is in cross-fiber seams and veinlets which appear as stockworks in the serpentine. Most of the veinlets are an inch or less in thickness and no more than a few feet in length. They branch, join other veins, or simply pinch out. Ore deposits consist of those portions of the serpentine which contain sufficient asbestos veinlets and seams to be of commercial value.



Chromite
Chromite is present as magmatic segregations in ultrabasic igneous rocks, especially serpentine. Serpentine crops out in three belts in western Calaveras county. The belts, which trend north-northwest, are not continuous, but consist of a series of irregular lenticular bodies. Most of the ore deposits consist of lenses and pods of massive chromite, or thin alternating layers of chromite and dunite. Relatively few disseminated deposits have been found. In some of the deposits, small amounts of the secondary chromium minerals uvarovite and kammererite are present.



Clay
The eocene Ione formation (located near Valley Springs) is the major source of raw material for the ceramic industry in northern california. It crops out in a belt of discontinuous patches along the western Sierran foothills. The most extensive exposures extend from northeastern Sacramento county across western Amador county to the extreme northwest corner of Calaveras county. The Ione formation covers an area of approximately 4 square miles in Calaveras county. The formation has been divided into an upper and a lower member. The upper member consisting of clayey sand and some clay, is mined for silica sand at Camanche and also at Ione in Amador county. The lower member, consisting of both clay and clayey sand, is the main source for commercial clay. The clay minerals are kaolinite and anauxite. Individual crystals of kaolinite are to fine-grained to be seen with the naked eye, but pearly flakes of anauxite are easily distinguishable. It is classified as fire clay, but most of the county's output is used as common clay, as in the manufacture of drain tile and sewer pipe.



Copper-Zinc
Calaveras county has been the principle source of copper and zinc in the Sierran Foothill copper belt.
Copper in the Foothill belt was first discovered in 1880 at what is now the Quail Hill mine. Soon afterward, the copper lodes at Copperopolis and Campo Seco were discovered, and the copper "boom" of the Civil War was in full sway. Smelters were erected, and by 1866, more than 5 million dollars worth of copper ore had been mined. The Union mine at Copperopolis was the source of more than half of this production. By 1867, a fall in the price of copper had ended the boom. From about 1880 to the end of World War I, the copper mines of Calaveras county were intermittently active . During World War II, copper mining in Calaveras county was revived on a major scale, and a considerable amount of byproduct lead, gold and silver were recovered. This area also became a major source of zinc. It had been produced as a byproduct as early as 1906, but ore dressing techniques had not been developed to the point where zinc-bearing copper ores could be economically treated. Since World War II, there has been minor activity at the Union and Keystone mines. Also, a considerable amount of zinc was produced at the Penn mine between 1948 and 1953. In May of 1958, small amounts of cement copper were being produced from the Penn, Star-Excelsior and Union mines.


Geological Overview of the Foothill copper belt
The foothill copper-zinc ore deposits are for the most part lenticular sulfide ore bodies developed by replacement along zones of faulting, shearing and crushing. The ore bodies consist of pyrite containing chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and smaller amounts of galena, tetrahedrite, bornite, gold, and silver. Other minerals that are present include Pyrrhotite, quartz, calcite, barite, chlorite, magnetite and hematite. In a few deposits, cobaltite, ilmenite, rutile and sphene have been observed. Outcrops of the orebodies are marked by gossan caps, some of which have been profitably mined for gold. The gossans usually do not extend to depths of more than 30 or 40 feet. The zone of supergene enrichment in most deposits of the Foothill belt ranges from within 20 to 60 feet of the surface. Chalcocite, the most plentiful secondary sulfide, is accompanied by smaller amounts of covellite. Copper and zinc minerals are also minor constituents of lode gold ores in the Mother Lode and East belt deposits, and copper minerals are found in tactite at the Garnet Hill and Moore Creek tungsten mines.



Limestone
The quarrying of limestone and the manufacture of cement by the Calaveras Cement Company is the most lucrative segment of the mineral industry in Calaveras county. Not only has the industry accounted for the largest portion of the mineral output of the county for a number of years, but the extensive limestone and dolomite deposits form some of the largest undeveloped reserves in the state. The term "limestone" here is used in a broad sense to include carbonate rocks ranging in mineral composition from nearly pure calcite to nearly pure dolomite. The largest deposits in the county are: the northern extension of the Sonora-Columbia limestone belt, the Murphys, Cave City, Kentucky House, and Gambetta deposits. Most Sierra Nevada limestone deposits are lenticular masses of recrystallized limestone and dolomite that are interbedded with metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the Calaveras formation. Many have been intruded by granitic rocks. They range from small lenses less than a 1000 feet in length to those that are literally square miles in extent. Those deposits that lie east of the Mother Lode are medium to coarsely crystalline, while those to the west are mostly fine-grained. Although the west west-belt deposits are smaller, they are more uniform in composition and are commonly superior for some uses. Numerous deposits of marble are also found in Calaveras county, three of which have yielded small amounts of decorative facings and terrazzo. Solution caves and potholes are abundant in some of the Calaveras limestone deposits. Some of the potholes actually contained rich placer gold deposits that were mined during the gold rush. Veins and seams of secondary aragonite and calcite along joint planes are common. A few fossils ranging from Mississippian to Permian in age have been found in some of the limestone bodies in the Sierras, but fossil evidence is sparsely distributed.


The limestone caves of Calaveras county
Calaveras county is renowned for its abundance of limestone caverns which host some of the most spectacular formations in North America. They range in size from small openings only a few feet in extent to deep caverns hundreds of feet in length and depth that consist of numerous passageways and rooms that host marvelous formations including; flowstone, soda straws, curtains and sheets, stalagmites, stalactites and even the very rare sparkling, twisting "Helictites" as found at the renown Black Chasm Caverns. Many of the caves are on private land and are not well known. However, four Caverns are open to the public: Mercer Caverns, Moaning Caverns, California Caverns, and Black Chasm Caverns.


Quartz Crystal
Quartz crystals for use in the manufacture of quartz oscillators have been mined at Chili Gulch, 2 1/2 miles south of Mokelumne hill. Most of the state's crystal output has been from the Rough Diamond and Green Mountain drift mines located on the east side of Chili Gulch. Quartz crystal mined here in 1897-98 was used as ornamental material and a 5-inch flawless sphere and a 7-inch flawed sphere were both cut from quartz taken from this area.




Tungsten
During 1953 and 1954 tungsten ore was mined in the Garnet Hill area in northeastern Calaveras county. The sources of production were the Garnet Hill and Moore Creek mines. This is the only area in Calavera county where tungsten is known. The deposits were probably first prospected for copper during the 1860's but for many years following it was best known for the fine garnet and epidote crystals that were collected there. Both mines were prospected for tungsten during World War II, but there was no recorded production. Tungsten and various amounts of copper and molybdenum ore minerals are in north-trending tactite bodies at the crest of Garnet Hill, and south of Moore Creek half a mile to the southwest. These tactite bodies are roof pendants in granodiorite and were developed by contact metamorphism when calcareous rocks were intruded by the granodiorite. The tactite consists of coarse-grained garnet and epidote with smaller amounts of calcite and quartz. Most of the granodiorite adjacent to the tactite is gneissic. The ore bodies are zones within the tactite that contain disseminated fine-to-coarse-grained scheelite. These zones may be in or near the center of the tactite, or may extend across the entire width. Most of the scheelite grains are subhedral, but a few well-formed crystals several inches long have been found. Associated with the scheelite are various amounts of molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and bornite. At some places masses of copper-bearing sulfides 1 - 2 feet in diameter have been found. At the Moore Creek mine coarse flakes of molybdenite are abundant.



An overview of the Geology of Calaveras County



The rocks in Calaveras county are divided into two major groups -- the older bedrock series and the younger superjacent series. The bedrock series consists of broad northwest trending belts of steeply dipping, intensely folded and faulted metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age that have been intruded by large granitic masses and also by smaller bodies of basic and ultrabasic rocks.

Gold-Quartz veins are directly associated with the granitic intrusions and are thought to be derived from them. These renowned Gold bearing Quartz veins are divided into three belts: The East belt, the Mother Lode belt and the West belt, respectively. Copper and Zinc were deposited in western portions of the county and are considered an important part of the once prolific Foothill Copper Belt. Chromite deposits were formed during the intrusion of ultrabasic rocks and were actively mined for use in Copper smelters. The Superjacent series consists of nearly flat-lying beds of auriferous gravel, clay, sand and volcanic rocks of Quaternary age.




Rock Units



Calaveras formation
(Carboniferous and Permian)
A suite of undifferentiated metamorphic rocks that underlies extensive areas in the central and east-central portions of the county. The rocks of the group are Quartz-Mica Shist, Graphitic Shist, Slate, Quartzite, Chert and and re-crystallized Limestone and Dolomite. Present in smaller amounts are sheared Conglomerate, Chlorite and Talc Shist and massive Greenstone.

Amador group
(middle to Upper Jurassic)
This group consists of metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks West of the Mother Lode in western Calaveras county. The group is divided into two formations - the Consumnes and the Logtown Ridge. The Conumnes formation consists of Tuffaceous Siltstone and Sandstone, Clay Slate, Tuff, Quartzite and Chert. The Logtown Ridge consists of massive Greenstone, which can contain large phenocrysts of Augite and Plagioclase.

Mariposa formation
(Upper Jurassic)
This formation is in two northwest trending belts 1 to 2 miles wide, in the west and west-central portions of Calaveras county. It consists predominantly of carbonaceous Clay Slate with smaller amounts of sandy Tuff and Graywacke. In the northern part of the county the Mariposa formation hosts the Mother Lode Gold belt; but south of the town of San Andreas the belt trends east of this formation.

Serpentine and associated rocks
(Jurassic)
Northwest-trending lensoid Serpentine bodies are found along the Mother Lode belt in the Angels Camp-Carson Hill area.
Serpentine of the area can be massive or foliated and slickensided, ranging in color from green and black. Associated with the Serpentine are minor amounts of Gabbro, Pyroxenite, Talc Shist and near Carson Hill, Mariposite-Ankerite rock.

Granitic rocks
(Upper Jurassic Cretaceous)
This group includes Granite, Granodiorite, Quartz Diorite, Diorite and Gabbro; Hornblende Granodiorite being by far the most abundant type. The entire eastern portion of the county is underlain by Granodiorite with smaller, isolated bodies at Rich Gulch, Jesus Maria, Mokelumne Hill and San Andreas.

Ione formation
(Eocene)
The Ione formation consists of nearly flat lying beds in the low foothills of the northwestern portion of Calaveras county. In this county, it is predominantly clayey Quartzose sand and interbedded lenses of clay.

Auriferous gravels
(Tertiary)
The Auriferous gravels were deposited in stream channels during the Tertiary period and range from Eocene to Miocene in age. They are in isolated patches, which are remnants of ancient river channels, and in more extensive deposits that are overlain by a thick cover of volcanic rocks. The Eocene channel deposits are characterized by a high percentage of Quartz alluvium and by concentrations of Gold at or near bedrock. The later Tertiary channel deposits, known as the inter-volcanic deposits, are characterized by abundant Rhyolite and Andesite cobbles and are relatively lean in Gold as compared with the older eocene deposits.

Valley Springs formation
(Miocene)
This formation consists of nearly flat lying beds of white, vitreous Rhyolite Tuff with Interbedded gravel and breccia. In the western part of the county, this formation rests uncomformably on sand and clay of the Ione formation, but to the east it lies on auriferous channel gravel or Sierran bedrock.


Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

120 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Habit: flexible fibers; fibrous crystals
Colour: white to palegren
Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Habit: euhedral twinned crystals - microscopic up to 2 cm
Colour: colorless
Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Altaite
Formula: PbTe
Description: Occurs as large masses.
Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Description: Occurs as small crystals.
'Amphibole Asbestos'
Description: Occurs as common constituent of basic rocks in the quadrangle. Fiber to 2 inches (5 cm) collected.
'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Amphibole Supergroup var. Byssolite'
Formula: AX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Antimony
Formula: Sb
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Aragonite var. Flos Ferri
Formula: CaCO3
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as both large and small crystals. The large crystals enclose arborescent masses of crystallized gold.
Arsenopyrite var. Danaite
Formula: (Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
Description: Occurs as fine-grained material.
'Asbestos'
'Asbestos var. Mountain Leather'
Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Axinite-(Fe)
Formula: Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
'Axinite Group'
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Description: As fine specimens with Malachite.
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Bementite
Formula: Mn7Si6O15(OH)8
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Boothite
Formula: CuSO4 · 7H2O
Description: Occurs as an unspecified Cu mine near Campo Seco.
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities:
Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Colour: Dark green
Description: Occurs as druses of small crystals.
Calaverite (TL)
Formula: AuTe2
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
Habit: anhedral vein fillings; blocky crystals
Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
Description: Encrustations not uncommon.
Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 45 localities in this region.
Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
Description: Occurs as crusts on quartz.
'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
Habit: Deep green to unusual light olive green micro vermiform masses.
Colour: green
Description: Found as Deep green to unusual light olive green inclusions within Quartz crystals - commonly as multiple stage "phantoms". On rare occasions, Chlorite can also be observed coating the "threads" of Faden Quartz crystals - thus making for very attractive and unusual rarities.
Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 47 localities in this region.
Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
'Chrysoprase'
Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
'Clay minerals'
Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Clinochlore var. Pennine
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
Description: Occurs in a number of mines.
Coloradoite
Formula: HgTe
Copper
Formula: Cu
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
References:
Coquimbite
Formula: AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Description: Occurs in some upper levels.
Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
Description: Occurs as good crystals with chlorite in chromite.
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Emmonsite
Formula: Fe3+2(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
Colour: Greenish yellow
Description: Occurs as spherulites along fractures in telluride ore, presumably from Carson Hill.
Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Habit: Primatic crystals from 2mm to 15mm with vertical striations and typical wedge terminations. Crystals are a deep olive green to light green in color. Also massive and massive crystalline.
Colour: green
Description: Single crystals are found loose in pocket clay and as inclusions within Quartz crystals. Epidote crystals from the Valley Springs area can be quite similar in habit to those from the New Melones Reservoir to the south. Less commonly found in pockets are unusual, dense clusters of unterminated crystals associated with Quartz. The terminations of these groups being found loose in the pocket clays.
Erythrite
Formula: Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Description: Occurs in small stringers between schist and quartzite.
Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2SiO4
'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
'Feldspar Group'
Description: Occurs in quartz-feldspar porphyry.
Ferrimolybdite
Formula: Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Ferro-actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)OH2
'Freibergite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
Description: Occurs disseminated in Quartz.
Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 47 localities in this region.
'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Description: Occurs as fine crystals.
'Garnierite'
Glaucophane
Formula: ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 1035 localities in this region.
Description: Placer material.
Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
Graphite
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Description: Occurs as platy aggregates with quartz.
Gypsum var. Selenite
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Halite
Formula: NaCl
Habit: Hoppered
Description: Occurs as crystals around pools and in glacial potholes.
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
'Iron-Platinum alloy'
Formula: (Pt,Fe)
Description: Occurs in small amounts; 56.5% ferroan platinum alloy, 30% Os-Ir and 4% Au.
Jamesonite
Formula: Pb4FeSb6S14
Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
'Jasper'
Kalinite
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Description: Occurs in the Eocene Ione Formation.
'K Feldspar'
'K Feldspar var. Valencianite'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
'Limonite'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Magnesiochromite
Formula: MgCr2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Description: As fine specimens with Azurite.
'Manganese Oxides'
Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Margarite
Formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Marialite
Formula: Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Melonite (TL)
Formula: NiTe2
Millerite
Formula: NiS
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Localities:
'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in a mica-quartz schist. Comprises 2% of the rock.
Muscovite var. Mariposite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Muscovite var. Phengite
Formula: KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Nagyágite ?
Formula: [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Description: Tentative identification.
Neotocite
Formula: (Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
'Ochre'
Colour: Yellow to dark red
Description: Occurs in a bed of slate.
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
'Orthochrysotile'
Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Osmium
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)
Palygorskite
Formula: ◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
Habit: gel-like
Colour: palebrown to orange
Paragonite
Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Platinum
Formula: Pt
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Description: Placer material.
Powellite
Formula: Ca(MoO4)
'Psilomelane'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 90 localities in this region.
Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Colour: Green
Description: Occurs as crystals in gold-quartz.
'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 724 localities in this region.
Habit: Short to long prismatic crystals common. Luster ranges from dull to glassy. Doubly terminated crystals, Tabular crystals and parallel growth aggregates occur frequently.
Colour: colorless
Description: Quartz crystals from the Valley Springs area are most sought after for their beautiful lanscape-like inclusions of Epidote, Chlorite and altered matrixes in various combinations. Pockets are located in Lateritic soils derived from the decomposition of greenstones and are almost always completely collapsed - their contents sometimes scattered for several feet. It is unfortunate that this unique locality is closed to collecting due to large sub-divisions devouring productive areas.
Quartz var. Agate
Colour: Bluish
Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Quartz var. Moss Agate
Formula: SiO2
Quartz var. Rock Crystal
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reevesite
Formula: Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Colour: Greenish yellow
Description: Occurs as flakes and powdery coatings on serpentine.
Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Colour: Light brownish gray
Rhodonite
Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Riebeckite
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Description: Crystals occur in a rhyolite tuff.
'Scapolite'
Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Description: Occurs as crystals to 2 inches (5 cm) long in tactite.
Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 36 localities in this region.
Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
'Silica'
Description: Occurs as silica-rich sands.
Silver
Formula: Ag
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Skutterudite
Formula: CoAs3
Description: Occurs in small stringers between schist and quartzite.
'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
'Soapstone'
Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Stilpnomelane
Formula: (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
Description: Prominent.
Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 35 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as numerous bodies of talcose schist in the country rock.
'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Tellurium
Formula: Te
Tenorite
Formula: CuO
Tephroite
Formula: Mn2+2SiO4
Tetradymite
Formula: Bi2Te2S
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Colour: Black
Description: Occurs in quartz.
Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
'Uraconite' ?
Description: Occurs as yellow ochres on pitchblende in contact with gold.
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Uvarovite
Formula: Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3
Description: Occurs in relatively large amounts.
Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Vivianite
Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
'Wad'
'Wad var. Cobalt-bearing Wad'
Willemite
Formula: Zn2SiO4
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Silver1.AA.05Ag
Copper1.AA.05Cu
Gold
var. Electrum
1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
1.AA.05Au
Osmium1.AF.05(Os,Ir,Ru)
Platinum1.AF.10Pt
Antimony1.CA.05Sb
Graphite1.CB.05aC
Tellurium1.CC.10Te
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
Hessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
Petzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Coloradoite2.CB.05aHgTe
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Nickeline2.CC.05NiAs
Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
Millerite2.CC.20NiS
Galena2.CD.10PbS
Altaite2.CD.10PbTe
Cinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
Stibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
Tetradymite2.DC.05Bi2Te2S
Sylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
Calaverite (TL)2.EA.10AuTe2
Melonite (TL)2.EA.20NiTe2
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
var. Danaite2.EB.20(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
Cobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
Skutterudite2.EC.05CoAs3
'Freibergite Subgroup'2.GB.05(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Jamesonite2.HB.15Pb4FeSb6S14
Nagyágite ?2.HB.20a[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Group 3 - Halides
Chlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
Halite3.AA.20NaCl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
Cuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
Tenorite4.AB.10CuO
Chromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Magnesiochromite4.BB.05MgCr2O4
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Quartz
var. Rock Crystal
4.DA.05SiO2
var. Agate4.DA.05SiO2
4.DA.05SiO2
var. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
var. Moss Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Pyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Diaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
Emmonsite4.JM.10Fe3+2(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Rhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Magnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
Siderite5.AB.05FeCO3
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Aragonite
var. Flos Ferri
5.AB.15CaCO3
5.AB.15CaCO3
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Reevesite5.DA.50Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Brochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Chalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
Boothite7.CB.35CuSO4 · 7H2O
Coquimbite7.CB.55AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Kalinite7.CC.15KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
var. Selenite7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Powellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
Scheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
Ferrimolybdite7.GB.30Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Pyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Erythrite8.CE.40Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Vivianite8.CE.40Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Chrysotile9..Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Willemite9.AA.05Zn2SiO4
Fayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2SiO4
Tephroite9.AC.05Mn2+2SiO4
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Uvarovite9.AD.25Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Thorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
Andalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Axinite-(Fe)9.BD.20Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Vesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Schorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Enstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
Augite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Aegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
Actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Tremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ferro-actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)OH2
Glaucophane9.DE.25◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Riebeckite9.DE.25◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
Rhodonite9.DK.05CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Paragonite9.EC.15NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite
var. Sericite
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
var. Mariposite9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
var. Phengite9.EC.15KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Margarite9.EC.30CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Clinochlore
var. Pennine
9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Antigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Chrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Neotocite9.ED.20(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Bementite9.EE.05Mn7Si6O15(OH)8
Palygorskite9.EE.20◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
Stilpnomelane9.EG.40(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Sanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
var. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Marialite9.FB.15Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Analcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Laumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Unclassified
'K Feldspar'-
'Soapstone'-
'Amphibole Asbestos'-
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'Uraconite' ?-
'Ochre'-
'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
'Wad
var. Cobalt-bearing Wad'
-
'Axinite Group'-
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'Silica'-
'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
'Manganese Oxides'-
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Amphibole Supergroup
var. Byssolite'
-AX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Garnierite'-
'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
'Monazite'-REE(PO4)
'Asbestos
var. Mountain Leather'
-
'Jasper'-
'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Asbestos'-
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Chrysoprase'-
'Chlorite Group'-
'Clay minerals'-
'Iron-Platinum alloy'-(Pt,Fe)
'Feldspar Group'-
'Limonite'-
'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
'Orthochrysotile'-
'Psilomelane'-
'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'K Feldspar
var. Valencianite'
-KAlSi3O8
'Wad'-
'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
'Scapolite'-
'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
H AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
H Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
H AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
H AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
H BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
H ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
H ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
H ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
H DiasporeAlO(OH)
H EmmonsiteFe23+(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
H FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
H Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe52+(Si8O22)OH2
H Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
H Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
H GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
H KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
H Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
H KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H Palygorskite◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
H ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
H ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
H Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
H SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
H TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
H Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
H VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
H VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
H Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
H Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
H Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
H Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
H Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
H Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
BBoron
B Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
B SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
C AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
C AragoniteCaCO3
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C CalciteCaCO3
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C GraphiteC
C MagnesiteMgCO3
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
C ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
C RhodochrositeMnCO3
C SideriteFeCO3
C Aragonite var. Flos FerriCaCO3
OOxygen
O Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
O AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
O Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
O AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
O AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
O AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O AragoniteCaCO3
O Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O BaryteBaSO4
O BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
O BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
O CalciteCaCO3
O ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
O Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
O ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
O ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
O ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
O CupriteCu2O
O DiasporeAlO(OH)
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O EmmonsiteFe23+(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
O EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O FayaliteFe22+SiO4
O Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
O FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
O Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe52+(Si8O22)OH2
O Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
O Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
O GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O HematiteFe2O3
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
O KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
O Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
O KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
O MagnesiteMgCO3
O MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
O MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
O MonaziteREE(PO4)
O Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
O Palygorskite◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
O ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
O PowelliteCa(MoO4)
O PyrolusiteMn4+O2
O PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
O QuartzSiO2
O ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
O RhodochrositeMnCO3
O RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
O Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
O RutileTiO2
O SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
O ScheeliteCa(WO4)
O SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O SideriteFeCO3
O SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
O Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
O TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
O Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
O TenoriteCuO
O TephroiteMn22+SiO4
O ThoriteTh(SiO4)
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
O UraniniteUO2
O UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
O K Feldspar var. ValencianiteKAlSi3O8
O VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
O VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
O WillemiteZn2SiO4
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
O Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
O Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
O Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
O Aragonite var. Flos FerriCaCO3
O Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
O Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
O Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
O Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
O Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
O Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
O Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
O Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FFluorine
F Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
F Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Na AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Na Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Na HaliteNaCl
Na MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Na ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Na Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Na SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Na Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Na Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mg Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mg AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mg Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Mg Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mg MagnesiteMgCO3
Mg MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Mg Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Mg Palygorskite◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
Mg Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Mg Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Mg TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mg Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mg Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
AlAluminium
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Al Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Al AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Al AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Al ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Al DiasporeAlO(OH)
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Al Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Al KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Al Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Al KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Al MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Al MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Al Palygorskite◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
Al ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Al SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Al SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Al K Feldspar var. ValencianiteKAlSi3O8
Al VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Al Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Al Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Al Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Al Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
SiSilicon
Si Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Si AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Si AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Si AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Si ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Si ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Si Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Si Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe52+(Si8O22)OH2
Si Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Si Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Si KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Si MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Si MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Si Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Si Palygorskite◻Al2Mg22Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O
Si ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Si QuartzSiO2
Si RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Si Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Si SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Si SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Si TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Si TephroiteMn22+SiO4
Si ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Si K Feldspar var. ValencianiteKAlSi3O8
Si VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Si WillemiteZn2SiO4
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
Si Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Si Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Si Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Si Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Si Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Si Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Si Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Si Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
PPhosphorus
P MonaziteREE(PO4)
P PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
P VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
S AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S BaryteBaSO4
S BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
S ChalcociteCu2S
S CinnabarHgS
S CobaltiteCoAsS
S CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
S CovelliteCuS
S Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
S GalenaPbS
S GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
S JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
S KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
S MarcasiteFeS2
S MilleriteNiS
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
S PyriteFeS2
S PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
S SphaleriteZnS
S StibniteSb2S3
S TetradymiteBi2Te2S
S Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
S Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
S Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
ClChlorine
Cl Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Cl ChlorargyriteAgCl
Cl HaliteNaCl
Cl MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Cl PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Cl Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Cl Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
K AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
K KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
K Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
K SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
K Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
K K Feldspar var. ValencianiteKAlSi3O8
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Ca AragoniteCaCO3
Ca Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Ca Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe52+(Si8O22)OH2
Ca GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Ca MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Ca PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Ca RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Ca ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Ca Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ca Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Ca VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Ca Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca Aragonite var. Flos FerriCaCO3
Ca Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Ca Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Ti Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ti Amphibole Supergroup var. ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
CrChromium
Cr ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Cr Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Cr MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Cr UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Cr Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
MnManganese
Mn BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
Mn Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Mn PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mn RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mn RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Mn SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mn Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mn TephroiteMn22+SiO4
FeIron
Fe Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Fe CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Fe EmmonsiteFe23+(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Fe Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Fe FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Fe Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe52+(Si8O22)OH2
Fe Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Fe Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Fe JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe MarcasiteFeS2
Fe Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Fe Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Fe ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Fe Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Fe SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe SideriteFeCO3
Fe Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Fe Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Fe VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Fe VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Fe Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
CoCobalt
Co CobaltiteCoAsS
Co ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Co SkutteruditeCoAs3
Co Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
NiNickel
Ni MeloniteNiTe2
Ni MilleriteNiS
Ni NickelineNiAs
Ni ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
CuCopper
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cu ChalcociteCu2S
Cu ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu CupriteCu2O
Cu CopperCu
Cu Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu TenoriteCuO
Cu Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ZnZinc
Zn SphaleriteZnS
Zn WillemiteZn2SiO4
AsArsenic
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
As CobaltiteCoAsS
As ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
As NickelineNiAs
As SkutteruditeCoAs3
As Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nb Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
MoMolybdenum
Mo FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
Mo PowelliteCa(MoO4)
RuRuthenium
Ru Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
AgSilver
Ag ChlorargyriteAgCl
Ag Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Ag Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Ag HessiteAg2Te
Ag PetziteAg3AuTe2
Ag SilverAg
Ag SylvaniteAgAuTe4
SbAntimony
Sb AntimonySb
Sb Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sb JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Sb Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Sb StibniteSb2S3
Sb Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
TeTellurium
Te AltaitePbTe
Te CalaveriteAuTe2
Te ColoradoiteHgTe
Te EmmonsiteFe23+(TeO3)3 · 2H2O
Te HessiteAg2Te
Te MeloniteNiTe2
Te Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Te PetziteAg3AuTe2
Te SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Te TelluriumTe
Te TetradymiteBi2Te2S
BaBarium
Ba BaryteBaSO4
TaTantalum
Ta Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
WTungsten
W ScheeliteCa(WO4)
OsOsmium
Os Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
IrIridium
Ir Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
PtPlatinum
Pt Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Pt PlatinumPt
AuGold
Au CalaveriteAuTe2
Au Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Au GoldAu
Au Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Au PetziteAg3AuTe2
Au SylvaniteAgAuTe4
HgMercury
Hg CinnabarHgS
Hg ColoradoiteHgTe
PbLead
Pb AltaitePbTe
Pb GalenaPbS
Pb JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Pb Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Pb PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
BiBismuth
Bi TetradymiteBi2Te2S
ThThorium
Th ThoriteTh(SiO4)
UUranium
U UraniniteUO2

Fossils

There are 7 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

BETA TEST - These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences17
Youngest Fossil Listed5.33 Ma (Miocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed164 Ma (Middle Jurassic)
Stratigraphic Units
UnitNo. OccurrencesAge
Mariposa12161.2 - 150.8 Ma (Jurassic)
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes)161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Subdichotomoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Subdichotomoceras161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Belemnites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnites161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Entolium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entoliidae : Entolium161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Tancredia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Tancredia161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Testudinidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Entelodontidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Entelodontidae33.3 - 30.8 Ma
Oligocene
Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) grewingki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cadoceras : Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) grewingki163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Buchia concentrica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia : Buchia concentrica161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Amoeboceras (Amoebites) dubium
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Amoeboceras : Amoeboceras (Amoebites) dubium161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 7 fossil localities

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect


This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

 
Mineral and/or Locality  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: March 19, 2024 07:46:04 Page updated: December 20, 2023 03:42:07
Go to top of page