(Grube Fianel, Ausserferrera, Val Ferrera, Hinterrheintal, Graubünden (Grisons; Grischun), Schweiz (Suisse; Svizzera))
An old iron and manganese mine.
The Fianel Fe-Mn deposit is of syn-sedimentary to diagenetic origin, embedded in Triassic marble belonging to the Starlera nappe. It underwent a polyphase Tertiary metamorphism, climaxing under blueschist- to green-schist facies conditions (Nussbaum et al. 1998).
The lenticular ore body (60x60x20 m) of Fianel was exploited for iron until the end of 19th century.
References:
- Brugger, J. and Berlepsch, P. (1996) Description and crystal structure of fianelite Mn2V(V,As)O7·2H2O, a new mineral from Fianel, Val Ferrera, (Graubunden, Switzerland). American Mineralogist (1996): 81: 1270-1276.
- Brugger J., Gieré R. (2000)Origin and distribution of some trace elements in metamorphosed Fe-Mn deposits, Val Ferrera, Eastern Swiss Alps. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1075-1101.
- Lapis (2004): 29(5): 40 .
- Brugger J., Gieré R., Grobéty B., Uspensky E. (1998) Scheelite-powellite and paraniite-(Y) from the Fe-Mn deposit at Fianel, Eastern Swiss Alps., American Mineralogist: 83: 1100-1110.
- Brugger, J. and Gieré, R. (1999) As, Sb, and Ce enrichment in minerals from a metamorphosed Fe-Mn deposit (Val Ferrera, Eastern Swiss Alps). Canadian Mineralogist: 37: 37-52.
- Brugger, J., Berleepsch, P., Meisser, N., and Armbruster, T. (2003) Ansermetite, MnV2O6·4H2O, a new mineral species with V 5+ in five-fold coordination from Val Ferrera, Eastern Swiss Alps. Canadian Mineralogist: 41: 1423-1431.
- Brugger, J., Krivovichev, S., Meisser, N., Ansermet, S., and Armbruster, T. (2006) Scheuchzerite, Na(Mn,Mg)9[VSi9O28(OH)](OH)3, a new single-chain silicate. American Mineralogist: 91: 937-943.
