A carbonatite complex in southeastern Malawi intruded during the late Jurassic to early Cretaceous over three episodes. During the first and second episodes, the major rock types were calcite carbonatites, ankerite carbonatites, and apatite carbonatites. Host rocks are nepheline syenite, sövite and ijoite.
Ref.:
- Woolley, A.R. (1987): Lithosphere metasomatism and the petrogenesis of the Chilwa Province of alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 6, 891-898.
- Ngwenya, B.T. (1994): Hydrothermal rare earth mineralization in carbonatites of the Tundulu complex, Malawi: processes at the fluid/rock interface. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58(9), 2061-2072.
- Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Kreuger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., and Woolley, A.R. (1995): Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 20, 275-288.
- Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): Rare earth element mines, deposits, and occurrences. USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
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Map Reference: 15°32'S , 35°48'E
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Mineral List:12 entries listed. 7 valid minerals.
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