Alkaline massif. Yakovenchuk et al. (2005) list about 70 mineral localities.
Refs.:
- Minakov, F.V., Dudkin, O.B., and Kamanev, E.A. (1981) The Khibiny carbonatite complex. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 259: 58-60 (in Russian).
- Khomyakov, A. P. (1995): Mineralogy of hyperagpaitic alkaline rocks. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 223 pp.
- Goryainov, P.M., Ivanyuk, G.Yu., and Yakovenchuk, V.N. (1998) Tectonic percolation zones in the Khibiny massif: morphology, geochemistry, and genesis. Izv. Phys. Solid Earth: 34: 822-827.
- Zaitsev, A.N., Wall, F., and Le Bas, M.J. (1998) REE-Sr-Ba minerals from the Khibina carbonatites, Kola Peninsula, Russia: their mineralogy, paragenesis and evolution. Mineralogical Magazine: 62: 225-250.
- Yakovenchuk, V. N., Ivanyuk, G., Pakhomovsky, Y. & Men'shikov, Y. (2005): Khibiny. Apatity & London (Laplandia Minerals in association with the Mineral. Soc. of GB & Ireland), 468 pp.
- http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm