An alkaline massif. Yakovenchuk et al. (2005) list about 70 mineral localities within this massif.
References
- Minakov, F.V., Dudkin, O.B., and Kamanev, E.A. (1981) The Khibiny carbonatite complex. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 259: 58-60 (in Russian).
- Khomyakov, A. P. (1995): Mineralogy of hyperagpaitic alkaline rocks. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 223 pp.
- Goryainov, P.M., Ivanyuk, G.Yu., and Yakovenchuk, V.N. (1998) Tectonic percolation zones in the Khibiny massif: morphology, geochemistry, and genesis. Izv. Phys. Solid Earth: 34: 822-827.
- Zaitsev, A.N., Wall, F., and Le Bas, M.J. (1998) REE-Sr-Ba minerals from the Khibina carbonatites, Kola Peninsula, Russia: their mineralogy, paragenesis and evolution. Mineralogical Magazine: 62: 225-250.
- Yakovenchuk, V. N., Ivanyuk, G., Pakhomovsky, Y. & Men'shikov, Y. (2005): Khibiny. Apatity & London (Laplandia Minerals in association with the Mineral. Soc. of GB & Ireland), 468 pp.
- Mikhailova, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Pakhomovsky, Y.A. (2007): Corundum-Group Minerals in Rocks of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 590-598.
- Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Spinel-Group Minerals in Rocks of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
- Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Amphiboles of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.
- Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Men’shikov, Y.P., Konopleva, N.G., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Pyroxenes of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 732-745.
Fersman Mineralogical Museum
Russian Academy of Sciences
Dmitriy Belakovskiy
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