Tennasilm meteorite, Tännassilma, Järva County, Estoniai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Tennasilm meteorite | Meteorite Fall Location |
| Tännassilma | Village |
| Järva County | County |
| Estonia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
58° 44' 7'' North , 25° 29' 36'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Locality type:
Meteorite Class:
Meteoritical Society Class:
Köppen climate type:
Ordinary chondrite, veined (L4; S3; W2-3)
Fell, 28 June 1872; 28.5 kg
A few days after the appearance of a cloud and accompanying detonations, a stone of ~28.5 kg was found. It was broken in pieces by gypsies, but most of it was recovered, described, and analysed. The Tennasilm interior is characterized by clearly defined chondrules (up to 2mm in diameter) and chondrule fragments dominated by olivine and a lesser amount of pyroxene. Barred olivine (BO) chondrules and radial pyroxene (RP) chondrules are most prominent. Fe-Ni metal (kamacite and taenite) and troilite are frequently found near chondrule rims and as small blebs in chondrules. Mosaicized olivine grains indicate an S3 level of (preterrestrial) shock. A number of silicates, phosphates, and opaques have been found in the meteorite.
Tennasilm is the 3rd most massive of 22 witnessed falls listed exactly as L4 chondrites at The Meteoritical Bulletin DataBase (early February 2016). The L group of ordinary chondrites (ordinary chondrites relatively low in total iron) account for roughly 40% of all meteorite falls.
Tennasilm is one of 3 witnessed meteorite falls recovered from Estonia during the 19th Century (Oesel, an L6 Fall from 1855 and Pillistfer, an 1863 EL6 Fall are the two others.) As of 2000, the largest Tennasilm masses were held in Vienna [NHM] (3.5 kg), in Estonia's old Reval Museum in Tallinn (3.75 kg), and at the University of Tartu in Tartu, Estonia (3 kg).
Synonym: Sikkennsaare.
Notes: The village of 'Tennasilm' is now known as "Tännassilma". The actual location of the fall was very near the "Sikkennsaare" farm. [Now known as the "Sikkansaare" farm]
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
7 valid minerals.
Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) Reference: de Chazal, S., Crozaz, G. & Zinner, E. (1985) Uranium, Plutonium, and REE in Ordinary Chondrites (Abstract): Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XVI: 169-170. |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' Description: Polysynthetically twinned and Ca-poor clinopyroxene Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages. |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu Reference: Grady, M.M (2000). Catalogue of Meteorites (5/e). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge; New York; Oakleigh; Madrid; Cape Town. 689 pages. |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Grady, M.M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.ronomical Society A 368 (1922): 3059-3065. (June 2010). |
| ⓘ 'Glass' Description: Glass spherules are dispersed within both chromite and troilite grains (Ramdohr, 1967). Reference: Bennett, M.E. & McSween Jr, H.Y. (1996) Shock feature in iron-nickel metal and troilite of L-group ordinary chondrites Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(2): 255-26. (March 1996). |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Iron Formula: Fe Description: Kamacite and taenite almost exclusively within the matrix, only rarely as very small blebs in chondrules. Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite Formula: (Fe,Ni) Description: Kamacite and taenite almost exclusively within the matrix, only rarely as very small blebs in chondrules. Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Merrillite Formula: Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 Reference: de Chazal, S., Crozaz, G. & Zinner, E. (1985) Uranium, Plutonium, and REE in Ordinary Chondrites (Abstract): Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XVI: 169-170. |
| ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Grady, M.M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.ronomical Society A 368 (1922): 3059-3065. (June 2010). |
| ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 Reference: Farrington, O.C. (1915) Meteorites, Their Structure, Composition, and Terrestrial Relations. Chicago. 233 pp.; Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages. |
| ⓘ 'Plessite' Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Bennett, M.E. & McSween Jr, H.Y. (1996) Shock feature in iron-nickel metal and troilite of L-group ordinary chondrites Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(2): 255-26. (March 1996). |
| ⓘ Taenite Formula: (Fe,Ni) Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Bennett, M.E. & McSween Jr, H.Y. (1996) Shock feature in iron-nickel metal and troilite of L-group ordinary chondrites Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(2): 255-26. (March 1996). |
| ⓘ Troilite Formula: FeS Reference: Mason, B. & Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220. 20 pages.; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Grady, M.M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.ronomical Society A 368 (1922): 3059-3065. (June 2010). ; Bennett, M.E. & McSween Jr, H.Y. (1996) Shock feature in iron-nickel metal and troilite of L-group ordinary chondrites Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(2): 255-26. (March 1996). |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Iron | 1.AE.05 | Fe |
| ⓘ | var. Kamacite | 1.AE.05 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Taenite | 1.AE.10 | (Fe,Ni) |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Troilite | 2.CC.10 | FeS |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Merrillite | 8.AC.45 | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Glass' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Plessite' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | ⓘ Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Na | ⓘ Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| P | ⓘ Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron | Fe |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Ni | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Farrington, O.C. (1915) Meteorites, Their Structure, Composition, and Terrestrial Relations. Chicago. 233 pages.
Mason, B. (1963) Olivine in ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 27(9): 1011-1023 (Sept 1963).
Mason, B., Wiik, H.B. (1965) The Composition of the Forest City, Tennasilm, Weston, and Geidam meteorites. American Museum Novitates 2220, 20 pages.
Ramdohr, P. (1967) Chromite and chromite chondrules in meteorites - I. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 31(10): 1961-1967 (Oct 1967).
Ramdohr, P. (1973) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.
Graham, A.L., Bevan, A.W.R., Hutchison, B. (1985) Catalogue of Meteorites (4/e). University of Arizona Press: Tucson.
de Chazal, S., Crozaz, G., Zinner, E. (1985) Uranium, Plutonium, and REE in Ordinary Chondrites (Abstract): Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XVI: 169-170.
Bennett, M.E., McSween Jr, H.Y. (1996) Shock feature in iron-nickel metal and troilite of L-group ordinary chondrites Meteoritics & Planetary Science: 31(2): 255-26 (March 1996).
Grady, M.M (2000) Catalogue of Meteorites (5/e). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge; New York; Oakleigh; Madrid; Cape Town. 689 pages.
Grady, M.M., Pratesi, G., Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
External Links
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php - MeteoriticalBulletinDatabase
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=23898 -Tennasilm@MetBullDatabase
http://www.encyclopedia-of-meteorites.com/test/tennasilm.jpg
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1985LPI....16..169D - phosphates&U,Pl dating
http://historicfalls.com/tennasilm-estonia-1872/
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=23898 -Tennasilm@MetBullDatabase
http://www.encyclopedia-of-meteorites.com/test/tennasilm.jpg
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1985LPI....16..169D - phosphates&U,Pl dating
http://historicfalls.com/tennasilm-estonia-1872/
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