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Mount Bonga, Quilengues, HuΓ­la Province, Angolai
Regional Level Types
Mount BongaMountain
QuilenguesMunicipality
HuΓ­la ProvinceProvince
AngolaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
14° 16' South , 13° 58' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-14.26667,13.96667
GeoHash:
G#: km3yvff4w
GRN:
S10E10
Type:
Mountain
KΓΆppen climate type:
BSh : Hot semi-arid (steppe) climate
Mindat Locality ID:
72588
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:72588:3
GUID (UUID V4):
aa71809c-9ec3-4ca8-9322-dbd7c2206b27
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Bonga carbonatite


Lower Cretaceous carbonatite plug (4 km diameter) in Precambrian granito-gneissic basement.

Belongs to the west side of Lucapa Early Cretaceous rift in western Angola.

Located 11 km NE of Mount Tchivira, Quilengues, HuΓ­la Province, Angola, forms a steep-sided hill rising to 900 m from a peneplain; there is a central depression 200 m deep.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


54 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
β“˜ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
β“˜ 'Aeschynite'
β“˜ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Piero Comin-Chiaramonti, Celso Barros Gomes (1996) Alkaline magmatism in central-eastern Paraguay: relationships with coeval magmatism in Brazil. pp 231-248
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Piero Comin-Chiaramonti, Celso Barros Gomes (1996) Alkaline magmatism in central-eastern Paraguay: relationships with coeval magmatism in Brazil. pp 231-248
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Aspidolite
Formula: NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
β“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
β“˜ Baddeleyite
Formula: ZrO2
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ BastnΓ€site-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(CO3)F
β“˜ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜ 'Britholite Group'
Formula: (REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
β“˜ Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Calzirtite
Formula: Ca2Zr5Ti2O16
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
β“˜ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
β“˜ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore
Formula: (Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
β“˜ Hydropyrochlore
Formula: (H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
β“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore
Formula: (Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
β“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore
Formula: (◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
β“˜ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
β“˜ Kassite
Formula: CaTi2O4(OH)2
β“˜ Lucasite-(Ce)
Formula: CeTi2(O,OH)6
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
β“˜ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
β“˜ 'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
β“˜ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
β“˜ Nyerereite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2
β“˜ 'Parisite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
β“˜ Parisite-(Ce)
Formula: CaCe2(CO3)3F2
β“˜ Periclase
Formula: MgO
β“˜ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
β“˜ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Portlandite
Formula: Ca(OH)2
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Piero Comin-Chiaramonti, Celso Barros Gomes (1996) Alkaline magmatism in central-eastern Paraguay: relationships with coeval magmatism in Brazil. pp 231-248
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ZHENG, L., GU, X., & ZHANG, Y. (2014). Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40, 205-226.
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
References:
Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 1001-1024.
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
ZHENG, L., GU, X., & ZHANG, Y. (2014). Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40, 205-226.
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Rhabdophane-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
β“˜ Richterite
Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ZHENG, L., GU, X., & ZHANG, Y. (2014). Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40, 205-226.
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
β“˜ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
β“˜ Schorlomite
Formula: Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
β“˜ Sellaite
Formula: MgF2
β“˜ 'Sodic amphibole'
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
β“˜ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ZHENG, L., GU, X., & ZHANG, Y. (2014). Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40, 205-226.
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ 'Synchysite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
References:
Alves, C.A.M. 1968. Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.
Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Amores Casals S, Bambi A C J M, Gonçalves A O, Melgarejo J C (2014) Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore from the Bonga Carbonatite (Huila, Angola). 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 195
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J. C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A. O., Morais, E. A., Manuel, J., ... & Molist, J. M. (2019). Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals, 9(10), 601.
β“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)
Formula: CaCe(CO3)2F
β“˜ Synchysite-(Y)
Formula: CaY(CO3)2F
β“˜ Tetraferriphlogopite
Formula: KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
β“˜ Thorianite
Formula: ThO2
β“˜ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite
Formula: (Th,U)O2
β“˜ Thorutite
Formula: (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
β“˜ Vigezzite
Formula: (Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
β“˜ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
β“˜ Zirconolite
Formula: CaZrTi2O7

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
β“˜Sellaite3.AB.15MgF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
β“˜'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Periclase4.AB.25MgO
β“˜Chromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
β“˜Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
β“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜Perovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
β“˜Rutile
var. Niobium-bearing Rutile		4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
β“˜var. Ilmenorutile4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
β“˜4.DB.05TiO2
β“˜Baddeleyite4.DE.35ZrO2
β“˜Vigezzite4.DF.05(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
β“˜Thorutite4.DH.05(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
β“˜Kassite4.DH.10CaTi2O4(OH)2
β“˜Lucasite-(Ce)4.DH.10CeTi2(O,OH)6
β“˜Hydroxykenopyrochlore4.DH.15(β—»,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
β“˜Fluorcalciopyrochlore4.DH.15(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
β“˜Hydroxycalciopyrochlore4.DH.15(Ca,Na,U,β—»)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
β“˜Hydropyrochlore4.DH.15(H2O,β—»)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
β“˜Zirconolite4.DH.30CaZrTi2O7
β“˜Thorianite
var. Uranothorianite		4.DL.05(Th,U)O2
β“˜4.DL.05ThO2
β“˜Calzirtite4.DL.10Ca2Zr5Ti2O16
β“˜Portlandite4.FE.05Ca(OH)2
β“˜Brucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜Strontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
β“˜Nyerereite5.AC.10Na2Ca(CO3)2
β“˜BastnΓ€site-(Ce)5.BD.20aCe(CO3)F
β“˜Parisite-(Ce)5.BD.20bCaCe2(CO3)3F2
β“˜Synchysite-(Y)5.BD.20cCaY(CO3)2F
β“˜Synchysite-(Ce)5.BD.20cCaCe(CO3)2F
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜Rhabdophane-(Ce)8.CJ.45Ce(PO4) Β· 0.6H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Schorlomite9.AD.25Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
β“˜Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
β“˜Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
β“˜Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
β“˜Augite
var. Titanium-bearing Augite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
β“˜9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
β“˜Aegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
β“˜Aegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
β“˜Richterite9.DE.20Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜Aspidolite9.EC.20NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Tetraferriphlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
β“˜Nepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Unclassified
β“˜'Parisite'-Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
β“˜'Synchysite'-Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
β“˜'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
β“˜'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
β“˜'Britholite Group'-(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
β“˜'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
β“˜'Aeschynite'-
β“˜'Sodic amphibole'-
β“˜'Monazite'-REE(PO4)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hβ“˜ BruciteMg(OH)2
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Hβ“˜ KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Lucasite-(Ce)CeTi2(O,OH)6
Hβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PortlanditeCa(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hβ“˜ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Hβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Hβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Hβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Hβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ BastnΓ€site-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Cβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cβ“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Cβ“˜ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Cβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Cβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oβ“˜ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oβ“˜ BaddeleyiteZrO2
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BastnΓ€site-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Oβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oβ“˜ BruciteMg(OH)2
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Oβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oβ“˜ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Oβ“˜ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Oβ“˜ KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Lucasite-(Ce)CeTi2(O,OH)6
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Oβ“˜ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oβ“˜ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Oβ“˜ PericlaseMgO
Oβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ PortlanditeCa(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Oβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Oβ“˜ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Oβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oβ“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Oβ“˜ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Oβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Oβ“˜ ThorianiteThO2
Oβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Oβ“˜ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite(Th,U)O2
Oβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oβ“˜ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
Oβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Oβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Oβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Oβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Oβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oβ“˜ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Oβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Oβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
Oβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fβ“˜ BastnΓ€site-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Fβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fβ“˜ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Fβ“˜ SellaiteMgF2
Fβ“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Fβ“˜ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Fβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Fβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Fβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Fβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
Fβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naβ“˜ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naβ“˜ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Naβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Naβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Naβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Naβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgβ“˜ BruciteMg(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ PericlaseMgO
Mgβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ SellaiteMgF2
Mgβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Mgβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Mgβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alβ“˜ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Alβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siβ“˜ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siβ“˜ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Siβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Siβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Siβ“˜ AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siβ“˜ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pβ“˜ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Pβ“˜ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Pβ“˜ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kβ“˜ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caβ“˜ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Caβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caβ“˜ KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Caβ“˜ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Caβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caβ“˜ PortlanditeCa(OH)2
Caβ“˜ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caβ“˜ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Caβ“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Caβ“˜ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Caβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Caβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caβ“˜ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
Caβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Caβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Caβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caβ“˜ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Caβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Caβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiβ“˜ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Tiβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiβ“˜ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Tiβ“˜ KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Tiβ“˜ Lucasite-(Ce)CeTi2(O,OH)6
Tiβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Tiβ“˜ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Tiβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Tiβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiβ“˜ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
Tiβ“˜ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Tiβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Tiβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Tiβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
Tiβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
CrChromium
Crβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
FeIron
Feβ“˜ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feβ“˜ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feβ“˜ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feβ“˜ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Feβ“˜ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
Feβ“˜ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
SrStrontium
Srβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
YYttrium
Yβ“˜ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Yβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ZrZirconium
Zrβ“˜ BaddeleyiteZrO2
Zrβ“˜ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Zrβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrβ“˜ ZirconoliteCaZrTi2O7
NbNiobium
Nbβ“˜ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nbβ“˜ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Nbβ“˜ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Nbβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbβ“˜ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nbβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)
Nbβ“˜ Fluorcalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F
Nbβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Baβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
LaLanthanum
Laβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
CeCerium
Ceβ“˜ BastnΓ€site-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Ceβ“˜ Lucasite-(Ce)CeTi2(O,OH)6
Ceβ“˜ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Ceβ“˜ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Ceβ“˜ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Ceβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ceβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ceβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Ceβ“˜ Hydroxykenopyrochlore(◻,Ce,Ba)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH,F)
NdNeodymium
Ndβ“˜ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ndβ“˜ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
TaTantalum
Taβ“˜ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Taβ“˜ Vigezzite(Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS
ThThorium
Thβ“˜ ThorianiteThO2
Thβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Thβ“˜ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite(Th,U)O2
UUranium
Uβ“˜ Thorutite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6
Uβ“˜ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite(Th,U)O2
Uβ“˜ Hydroxycalciopyrochlore(Ca,Na,U,◻)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

African PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Alves, C.A.M. (1968) Estudo geologico e petrologico do macico alcalino-carbonatitico do Quicuco. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa.
Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. (1973) Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola: 11.
Issa Filho, A.B.R.M.D., Dos Santos, A.B.R.M.D., Riffel, B.F., Lapido-Loureiro, F.E.V., McReath, I. (1991) Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration: 40(1-3): 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W
Coltorti, Massimo, Alberti, Antonio, Beccaluva, Luigi, Betina dos Santos, Alba, Mazzucchelli, Maurizio, Morais, Eduardo, Rivalenti, Giorgio, Siena, Franca (1993) The Tchivira-Bonga alkaline-carbonatite complex (Angola); petrological study and comparison with some Brazilian analogues. European Journal of Mineralogy: 5(6): 1001-1024.
Woolley, A.R. (2001) Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London: 22.
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEβ€”Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
Zheng, L., Gu, X., Zhang, Y. (2014) Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration: 40: 205-226.
www.getamap.net (2015) http://www.getamap.net/maps/angola/huila/_bonga/
Amores-Casals, S., Melgarejo, J.C., Bambi, A., Gonçalves, A.O., Morais, E.A., Manuel, J., ... Molist, J.M. (2019) Lamprophyre-Carbonatite Magma Mingling and Subsolidus Processes as Key Controls on Critical Element Concentration in Carbonatites—The Bonga Complex (Angola). Minerals: 9(10): 601.
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