‡Ref.: Ransome, F.L. (1904), The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Bisbee Quadrangle, Arizona, USGS PP 21.
Schaller, W.T. (1915), Four new minerals, Journal of the Washington Academy of Science: 5: 7.
Bonillas, Y.S., Tenny, and Feuchere (1917), Geology of the Warren Mining District: A.I.M.E. Transactions, Vol. 55: 324, 329, 350.
University of Arizona Bull. 41 (1916-17), Mineralogy of Useful Minerals in Arizona: 28.
Taber, S. & W.T. Schaller (1930), Psittacinite from the Higgins mine, Bisbee, Arizona, American Mineralogist: 15: 575-579.
Wilson, E.D. and Butler, G.M. (1930), Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 127, Manganese Ore Deposits in Arizona: 46.
Trischka, C. (1938), Bisbee district, in Some Arizona ore deposits, Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 145: 37-38.
Frondel, C. (1941), Paramelaconite: A tetragonal oxide of copper, American Mineralogist: 26: 567-672.
Harcourt, G.A. (1942), Tables for the identification of ore minerals by X-ray powder patterns, American Mineralogist: 27: 63-113.
Hogue, W.G. & E.D. Wilson (1950), Bisbee or Warren district, in Arizona zinc and lead deposits, Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 156: 28.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh Edition, Volume II: 562.
Bain, G.W. (1952), The age of the 'Lower Cretaceous' from Bisbee, Arizona, uraninite, Economic Geology: 47: 305-315.
Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of Arizona: 38, 47, 63, 70, 111.
Farnham, L.L., Stewart, L.A., and Delong, C.W. (1961), Manganese Deposits of Eastern Arizona, US Bureau of Mines Information Circular 7990: 23.
Cooper, J.R. (1962) Bismuth in the United States, exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Investigations Resource Map MR-22, 19 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:3,168,000.
Laurent, Y. & R. Pierrot (1962), Nouvelles données sur la bisbeeite, Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie Crist.: 85: 177-180.
Bryant, D.G. & R.A. Metz (1966), Geology and ore deposits of the Warren mining district, in Titley, S.R. and Hicks, C.L., eds., Geology of the porphyry copper deposits, southwestern North America: 189-203, University of Arizona Press: 201.
Keith, Stanton B. (1973), Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 187, Index of Mining Properties in Cochise County, Arizona: 86, 89 (Table 4).
Graeme, R. (1981), Famous mineral localities: Bisbee, Arizona, Mineralogical Record: 12: 256-319.
Niemuth, N.J. & K.A. Phillips (1992), Copper Oxide Resources, Arizona Department of Mines & Mineral Resources Open File Report 92-10: 4, 6 (Table 1).
Sawyer, M.B., Gurmendi, A.C., Daley, M.R., and Howell, S.B. (1992) Principal Deposits of Strategic and Critical Minerals in Arizona, U.S. Bureau of Mines Special Publication, 334 pp.
Graeme, R. (1993), Bisbee revisited, Mineralogical Record: 24: 421-436.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 112, 137, 140, 146, 147, 151, 162, 167, 169, 200, 222, 225, 233, 234, 238, 299, 306, 308, 319, 328, 332, 369, 389.
Arizona Bureau of Mines files.
MRDS database Dep. ID file #10101372, MRDS ID #D000117; and, Dep. ID #10282881, MAS ID #0040030321; and, Dep. ID file #10046250, MRDS ID #M241118; and, Dep. ID #10280790, MAS ID #0040030599.
A former large output underground Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au (Bi) mine located in the East-central sec. 15 (center SE¼NE¼ sec. 17 ?), T.23S., R.24E. (Bisbee 7.5 minute topo map), about 1½ miles west of Lowell, on private property. Discovered 1905. Produced 1909-1973. Owned at times, or in part, by the Denn-Arizona Copper Co., Shattuck-Denn Mining Co., and the Phelps Dodge Corp. Operated by Mr. James Maffee at one time.
Mineralization is a replacement deposit of mostly oxidized and enriched copper carbonates, oxides, and sulfides, lead, and zinc ores in irregular, often pipe-like, replacement bodies in a wide range of Paleozoic limestones (Lower Naco, Devonian Martin, & Escabrosa Limestones) Martin Limestone along the Czar fault in association with porphyry dikes and sills clustered around a leached silica core. The ore zone is composed of 4 or 5 parallel fault zones, it is as wide as it is long (length = 60.96 meters), and is confined to the trough made by the Shattuck and Wolverine Granite Porphyry dikes. This trough plunges NE and its bottom becomes a sill. An associated rock unit is the Sacramento Hill Stock. Ore control was nearby dikes and sills, and faulting with its associated brecciation. Ore concentration included bornite replacing pyrite. Alteration is gossan with Mn and Fe oxides induced by hydrothermal metamorphism.
Local structures include common pre-mineralization faulting and tilting. Main fault directions are N10W to N40E, and S30W to N50W.
Workings include a shaft(s) to a depth of 1,840 meters and shallow surface workings. This mine produced some 3 million or more tons of copper and lead-zinc ore from 1906 to 1947 and some manganese oxide in 1917-1918. Over 18,000,000 tons of ore were produced overall.
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Map Reference: 31°25'59"N , 109°55'0"W
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