A former surface and underground Pb-Zn-Ag-Au-V-Mo-Mn-Fe-Cu-Mn-Baryte-Fluorspar-W (Cl-Br) mine located in South-central sec. 2, T4S, R23W (protracted), on the W side of Red Cloud-Yuma Wash Road, at an altitude of approximately 750 feet, on private land. Owned at times, or in part, by the Red Cloud Mining Co. of New York (acquired prior to 1881); Horton & Knapp (1885- ); Messrs. Hubbard & Bowers; Red Cloud Consolidated Mines Co. (New York)(1917- ); E.R. Boericke (Primos) Co. (1925-26 - exploratory work); Neal Mining Co. (1928- ); Hanna; Penn Metals Inc.; Walter Riley & George Holmes (1948 - exploratory work); Penn Metals, Inc. (few months of 1941); and, the Red Cloud Mining & Milling Co. (1950).
Note: Old labels may show "Red Cloud mine, Yuma Co., Arizona" (Yuma Co. was later subdivided into the La Paz and Yuma counties.)
Mineralization is a vein deposit irregular masses and vug linings of argentiferous lead and zinc carbonates with pyrolusite, vanadinite, wulfenite and minor malachite, nodules of partly altered argentiferous galena, and disseminated masses of silver chloride and bromide, in a gangue of iron oxides, quartz, fluorite, calcite, gouge and brecciated wall rock.
The vein occurs within an irregular fault zone which here strikes N.15ºW. and dips 35º to 60ºE., between Tertiary andesite breccia, dacite porphyry, rhyolitic to dacitic tuffs and lapilli tuffs and Laramide granodiorite to quartz diorite intrusive. Wall rocks are silicifeid, sericitized, and carbonatized. The best ore came from the intersections of fault and cross fractures. Average grade reported at 5-6% Pb and 10 oz. Ag/T.
Workings include a vertical shaft at 300 [see comment below] feet deep (1881) and a 274 foot incline, several open cuts and drifts. This is one of the earliest operations in the district, dating back to the early 1880's and patented in 1885. The total estimated and recorded production would be some 21,000 tons of ore averaging about 18 oz. Ag/T and 5.5% Pb and minor Au. Some Pb, Zn, and Ag were recovered from dumps in 1949. Worked from about 1979 to 1984. Recently claimed and worked as an open cut for specimens (2000-2003), wherein the overburden was stripped off of the vein for a considerable depth (now refilled).
[Comment by Donald McCoy
http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-121556.html): "The summary states that the vertical shaft is 300' deep; In truth, the vertical shaft was originally 183' deep, intersecting the 270' level (which is actually 274' as is properly stated) on the vein, This distance is measured from the surface, down dip from the original surface hub, which was removed as a result of surface mining around the original portal. A decline runs from the bottom of the vertical shaft, down dip to the 503' level on the vein, with an additional vertical sump 12' into the water table at the bottom of the decline. The 1881 citation may indeed state that the shaft is 300', but that is incorrect. I personally measured the declines and shaft several times during construction which took place from 1977 through 1980. An additional full cross-section 10' vertical round was pulled from the bottom of the shaft in early 1979 to allow the top of a 5-ton ore skip to rest even with the 270 level."]
References:
Blake, W.P. (1881a), Vanadinite in Arizona, American Journal of Science: 22: 235.
The Resources of Arizona - A Manual of Reliable Information Concerning the Territory, compiled by Patrick Hamilton (1881), Prescott, AZ: 73.
Silliman, B. (1881), Mineralogical notes, American Journal of Science: 22: 198-205.
Hamilton, P. (1884), The Resources of Arizona, 3rd.ed. A.L. Bancroft & Co., San Francisco: 238.
Pirsson, L.V. (1891), Mineralogical notes, Amer. Jour. Sci.: 42: 405-409.
Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 1094.
Guild, F.N. (1910), The Mineralogy of Arizona, The Chemical Publishing Co., Easton, PA.
University of Arizona Bull. 41 (1916-17), Mineralogy of Useful Minerals in Arizona: 59.
Foshag, W.F. (1919), Famous mineral localities: Yuma County, Arizona, American Mineralogist: 4: 149-150.
Thompson, A.P. (1925) Arizona Mining Journal, Nov 1925: 9(12): 7.
Wilson, E.D. (1933) Geology and Mineral Deposits of Southern Yuma County, Arizona. Arizona Bureau of Mines Bulletin 134: 65-67.
Elsing, M.J. and Heineman, E.S. (1936) Arizona Metal Production, Arizona Bureau of Mines Bulletin 140: 104.
Galbraith, F.W. (1947), Minerals of Arizona, Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 153: 18.
Wilson, E.D., et al (1951), Arizona zinc and lead deposits, part II, Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 158: 90-93.
Fleischer, M. (1959), The geochemistry of rhenium, with special reference to its occurrence in molybdenite, Economic Geology: 54: 1406-1413.
Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of Arizona: 42, 50, 73, 80.
Parker, F.Z. (1966) The Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Silver District Trigo Mountains, Yuma County, Arizona. Masters Thesis, San Diego State College: 118-126.
Parker (1966); Arizona Bureau of Mines file data.
Bideaux, R.A. (1972), The collector (on wulfenite), Mineralogical Record: 3: 148-150, 198-201.
Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geological Survey Branch Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma County, Arizona: 177 (Table 4).
Edson, G.M. (1980), The Red Cloud mine, Yuma, Arizona, Mineralogical Record: 11: 141-152.
Wilson, W.E. (1985), What's new in minerals?, Mineralogical Record: 16: 497-500.
Rocks & Minerals (1986): 61: 54-56.
Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, 2nd. Edition, Arizona Department of Mines & Minerals Mineral Report 4, 185 pp.
Rocks & Minerals (1988): 63: 328.
Rocks & Minerals (1989): 64: 58.
Bancroft, P. & G. Bricker (1990), Arizona's silver mining district, Mineralogical Record: 21: 151-168;
Peirce, H. Wesley (1990), Arizona Geological Survey Industrial Minerals card file.
Rocks & Minerals (1990): 65: 19-20.
Blair, Gerry (1992), The Rockhound's Guide to Arizona: Helena, MT, Falcon Press.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 158, 169, 228, 241, 248, 254, 299, 331, 381, 410, 419, 420, 425.
MRDS database Dep. ID file #10027196, MRDS ID #M002442; and, Dep. ID #10210120, MAS ID #0040120005.
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Map Reference: 33°6'1"N , 114°35'56"W
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