‡Ref.: Schrader, F.C. & J.M. Hill (1915), Mineral deposits of the Santa Rita and Patagonia Mountains, Arizona, USGS Bull. 582: 305-306.
Schrader, F.C. (1917), The geologic distribution and genesis of the metals in the Santa Rita-Patagonia Mountains, Arizona, Economic Geology: 12: 237-269.
Smith, G.E. (1956) Geology and ore deposits of the Mowry mine area, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: Tucson, University of Arizona, M.S. thesis, 44 p.
Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of Arizona: 31.
Farnham, L.L., Stewart, L.A., and Delong, C.W. (1961), Manganese Deposits of Eastern Arizona, US Bureau of Mines Information Circular 7990: 162-165.
Simons, F.S. (1974) Geologic map and sections of the Nogales and Lochiel quadrangles, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-762, 9 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:48,000.
Keith, Stanton B. (1975), Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 191, Index of Mining Properties in Santa Cruz County Arizona: 80 (Table 4).
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 343.
Lemon, Robert (1962) Lemon's map of Santav Cruz County.
U.S. Bureau of Mines - Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology file data.
U.S. Bureau of Mines files, Bullwhacker deposits, Golden Gate Mine).
U.S. Bureau of Land Management Mining District Sheet #723.
Arizona Bureau of Mines card file Santa Cruz County.
MRDS database Dep. ID file #10109890, MRDS ID #M899938; and, Dep. ID #10137675, MAS ID #0040230007.
A former small surface and underground Cu-Ag-Au-Pb-Zn-Mn mine located in north-central (NE¼SW¼) sec. 15, T.23S., R.16E. (protracted), 9 miles S of Patagonia. A mine on the greater Mowry property and located about 1/3 mile NE of the Mowry mine, in the east base of Mowry Hill, on open, gently sloping ground, at an elevation of about 5,500 feet, on National Forest land. The Bullwhacker deposits are on the Golden Gate claim. Discovered 1880. Produced 1880-1948. Owned at times, or in part, by the R. Beyerle, Abel De La Ossa; A.S. Henderson; Vanderwalker Brothers; Majalca & Henderson; Lizaraga; H. Woodruff; and, K. Peterson. Owned and operated by the U.S. Mining And Smelting Co. (1967).
Mineralization is irregular replacement bodies of argentiferous cerussite and galena with spotty chalcopyrite and sphalerite, oxidized with supergene enrichment in the upper part. Manganiferous and ferrous gangue. Also erratic lenticular bodies of wad and pyrolusite containing minor cerussite, silver and iron oxides. The ore zone is 152.4 meters long and 30.48 meters wide. Mineralization is controlled by fracturing, faulting, and bedding planes in Paleozoic limestone. Ore concentration was supergene enrichment. Mineralized zone is composed of stringers, veinlets, and small irregular bunches of Mn oxides largely oriented along steeply-dipping fractures striking about N45W. The bulk of ore was mined from an irregular lenticular body striking N60W and dipping about 40NE. Wider masses of ore are separated by lower grade material or unreplaced limestone of various widths. The majority of ore production was from 3 fairly closely spaced fracture zones within an irregular surface area about 150 feet square. One of the 3 fractures dips steeply NW and cuts limestone beds; the other 2 fractures follow limestone bedding planes, dipping moderately NE.
Country rock is the Pennsylvanian limestone (Naco Limestone; Colina Limestone Member; Martin Limestone), which here is heavy bedded and dips northeastward and in which the deposits occur in one or more of the northward-dipping sills or replacement ore beds and in joint planes in the adjoining limestone. The sills, which now outcrop at the surface, were probably at one time connected with the Mowry vein at some distance above the present surface, now eroded away.
Ore is mostly lead carbonates, associated with highly decomposed oxide of manganese and iron.
Local structures include disconnected mineralized areas which are several hundred feet north of the Mowry Fault contact and are strung about 500 feet along a NW-trending belt. Limestones in the region surround isolated, brecciated siliceous rocks which apparently intruded host rock along zones of weakness.
Tectonic elements include the Mowry Mine Fault Block, downthrown to the north.
Workings include a 120 foot (36.6 meters) deep shaft. Developments included a 120 foot deep shaft and several shallow open cuts. Inclined underground workings follow down-dip of ore about 130 feet. Ore of highest grade found at 35 foot level. Produced some 200 tons of ore averaging about 10% Pb, 3 oz. Ag/T and minor Cu & Zn. Intermittent production since the late 1800's. About 200 long tons of Mn ore, mostly low grade, was also shipped.
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Map Reference: 31°25'59"N , 110°42'10"W
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