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Cave-in-Rock, Cave-In-Rock Mining Sub-District, Hardin County, Illinois, USAi
Regional Level Types
Cave-in-RockVillage
Cave-In-Rock Mining Sub-DistrictMining Sub-district
Hardin CountyCounty
IllinoisState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
37° 28' 8'' North , 88° 9' 59'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Cave-in-Rock318 (2011)0.1km
Elizabethtown287 (2017)12.5km
Rosiclare1,082 (2017)16.6km
Marion2,986 (2017)16.9km
Sturgis1,912 (2017)18.3km
Mindat Locality ID:
3753
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:3753:5
GUID (UUID V4):
eaf65945-b2b7-4b56-af9a-b45209a5db38


The town of Cave-in-Rock is named after a natural cave bordering the Ohio River in the southeastern portion of Illinois. The cave was noted by French explorers in 1744, who called it the β€œCaverne dans le Roc” (Cave in the Rock). During the early 1800s to about 1834, the cave was used by outlaws that preyed upon travelers on the Ohio River (though the stories are exaggerated). The cave today is now part of the Illinois State Park System.

The cave is formed from the middle Mississippian St. Louis Limestone Formation and only extends about 55 feet from the mouth. Reinertsen (1992, p. 16-17) postulated that the present cave formed about 2-10 million years ago by groundwater that moved slowly through bedrock under hydrostatic pressure. The groundwater slowly dissolved the limestone and the calcium carbonate from the stone was carried away as a solution to be deposited elsewhere. He also stated that the cave may actually be larger than it currently is, but debris has filled in to its back wall. At one point it also extended further to the south, but the modern Ohio River has eroded a significant portion of it. Finally, Reinertsen, also suggested that Cave-in-Rock is not connected with the β€œBig Sink”, Illinois’s largest sinkhole, as that feature formed much earlier than the cave and no evidence has been presented that groundwater from the β€œBig Sink” could be discharged to Cave-in-Rock and then into the river.

Cave-in-Rock (the town), along with the towns of Elizabethtown and Rosiclare southwest of Cave-in-Rock, were focal trade points of the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District, which had small and large mines operating from the 1840s to 1995, when the last mine, the Annabel Lee Mine, shutdown.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


33 valid minerals.

Paragenesis


Pargenetic Sequence [MinRec 28:23]
Bitumen
Rhombohedral Calcite
Yellow Fluorite
White Fluorite
Chalcopyrite
Blue Fluorite
Early Purple Fluorite
Quartz
Sphalerite
Galena
Late Purple Fluorite
Scalenohedral Calcite
Baryte
Witherite

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
β“˜ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
β“˜ Benstonite
Formula: Ba6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
β“˜ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
β“˜ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜ Greenockite
Formula: CdS
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
β“˜ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
β“˜ Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
β“˜ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
β“˜ 'Limonite'
β“˜ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
β“˜ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Paralstonite
Formula: BaCa(CO3)2
β“˜ 'Petroleum'
β“˜ 'Petroleum var. Bitumen'
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
β“˜ Sulphur
Formula: S8
β“˜ Vaesite
Formula: NiS2
β“˜ 'Wad'
β“˜ Witherite
Formula: BaCO3

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Greenockite2.CB.45CdS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Vaesite2.EB.05aNiS2
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
β“˜Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
β“˜Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Cuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Smithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
β“˜Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜Witherite5.AB.15BaCO3
β“˜Strontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
β“˜Cerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
β“˜Aragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
β“˜Paralstonite5.AB.40BaCa(CO3)2
β“˜Benstonite5.AB.55Ba6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
β“˜Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
β“˜Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
β“˜Hydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Celestine7.AD.35SrSO4
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
β“˜Anglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
β“˜Epsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 Β· 7H2O
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Pyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Hemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 Β· H2O
β“˜Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
β“˜'Limonite'-
β“˜'Wad'-
β“˜'Petroleum
var. Bitumen'
-
β“˜''-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hβ“˜ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cβ“˜ BenstoniteBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ CerussitePbCO3
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cβ“˜ ParalstoniteBaCa(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Cβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cβ“˜ WitheriteBaCO3
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Oβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BenstoniteBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Oβ“˜ CerussitePbCO3
Oβ“˜ CupriteCu2O
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oβ“˜ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ ParalstoniteBaCa(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oβ“˜ WitheriteBaCO3
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ BenstoniteBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ GreenockiteCdS
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
Sβ“˜ SulphurS8
Sβ“˜ VaesiteNiS2
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ BenstoniteBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ ParalstoniteBaCa(CO3)2
FeIron
Feβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
NiNickel
Niβ“˜ VaesiteNiS2
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ CupriteCu2O
Cuβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znβ“˜ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znβ“˜ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
SrStrontium
Srβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Srβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
CdCadmium
Cdβ“˜ GreenockiteCdS
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Baβ“˜ BenstoniteBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13
Baβ“˜ ParalstoniteBaCa(CO3)2
Baβ“˜ WitheriteBaCO3
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbβ“˜ CerussitePbCO3
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Pbβ“˜ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate
USA

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References

 
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