World's largest antimony deposit, located in the northern part of the Xiangzhong Basin, near Lengshuijiang City. It covers an area of about 16 km2, following the axis of a short anticline that strikes at 30° and plunges both north and south. Host rocks are dark grey cherts in the black shales series of the Upper Devonian Shetianqiao formation, which occur in the core of the anticline, surrounded by the Lower Carboniferous Yanguan and Datang Formations. The deposit is sub-divided in four sections: Xikuangshan-Dajienao, Xikuangshan-Dashengshan, Xikuangshan-Longshan, and Dafengshan. It is exploited by several mines, the Feishuiyan and Wuhua mines in the south and the Laokuangshan and Tongjiayuan mines in the north. They are all located on the east limb of the anticline.
Ref.:
- Zhou Tongxi (1988): Geochemical characteristics and ore-forming mechanism of the antimony ore field of Xikuangshan in Hunan, China. Journal of Guilin College of Geology 8, 187-195 (in Chinese).
- Peng Jiantang, Hu Ruizhong, Lin Yuanxian, and Zhao Junhong (2002): Sm-Nd isotope dating of hydrothermal calcites from the Xikuangshan antimony deposit, Central Hunan. Chinese Science Bulletin 47(13), 1134-1137.
- Delian Fan, Tao Zhang, and Jie Yie (2004): The Xikuangshan Sb deposit hosted by the Upper Devonian black shale series, Hunan, China. Ore Geology Reviews 24(1/2), 121-133.
- Yang Dongsheng, Shimizu Masaaki, Shimazaki Hidehiko, Li Xianhua, and Xie Qinglin (2006): Sulfur Isotope Geochemistry of the Supergiant Xikuangshan Sb Deposit, Central Hunan, China: Constraints on Sources of Ore Constituents. Resource Geology 56(4), 385-396.
- Yang Ruiyan, Ma Dongsheng, Bao Zhengyu, Pan Jiayong, Cao Shuanglin, and Xia Fei (2006): Geothermal and fluid flowing simulation of ore-forming antimony deposits in Xikuangshan. Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 49(8), 862-871.
- Ottens, B. (2006): Chinesisches Tagebuch (III): Von Nandan uber Guichi nach Xikuangshan: Baryt, Rhodochrosit, Azurit, Antimonit und Wulfenit. Lapis 31(10), 33-38 (in German).
- Ottens, B. (2006): Antimonit aus China. LAPIS 31 (2), 23-34
- Ottens, B. (2007): Chinese stibnite: Xikuangshan, Lushi, Wuning and other localities. Mineralogical Record 38(1), 3-17.
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Map Reference: 27°47'N , 111°29'E
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