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Koriak-Kamchatka fold zone, Russiai
Regional Level Types
Koriak-Kamchatka fold zoneFold zone
RussiaCountry

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04724810014946269223132.jpg
Formation of the First Scoria Cone.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
03722040015422846878335.jpg
The series of cinder cones originated in 1975

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
02349950015422822492825.jpg
View into the crater

Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
04724810014946269223132.jpg
Formation of the First Scoria Cone.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
03722040015422846878335.jpg
The series of cinder cones originated in 1975

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
02349950015422822492825.jpg
View into the crater

Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
09765030014946269229512.jpg
Formation of the First Scoria Cone.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
03722040015422846878335.jpg
The series of cinder cones originated in 1975

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Locality type:
Fold zone
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky187,282 (2017)
Yelizovo40,692 (2016)
Vilyuchinsk25,204 (2012)
Anadyr10,332 (2016)
Klyuchi10,000 (2013)
Mil’kovo8,251 (2017)


No description has been added for this locality. Can you add one?

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

550 valid minerals. 162 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Achyrophanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Achyrophanite (TL)
Formula: (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Achyrophanite, IMA 2018-011. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 783; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 779-785.
ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Aguilarite
Formula: Ag4SeS
Reference: Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Aikinite
Formula: PbCuBiS3
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
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Alacránite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Alacránite (TL)
Formula: As8S9
Reference: Popova, V.I., Popov, V.A., Clark, A., Polyakov, V.O., Borisovskii, S.E. (1986) Alacránite, As8S9–a new mineral. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 115(3): 360-368.; Hawthorne, F.C., Burke, E.A.J., Ercit, T.S., Grew, E.S., Grice, J.D., Jambor, J.L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, A.C., Vanko, D.A. (1988) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 73: 189.; Bonazzi, P., Bindi, L., Popova, V., Pratesi, G. & Menchetti, S. (2003) Alacranite, As8S9: Structural study of the holotype and re-assignment of the original chemical formula. American Mineralogist: 88: 1796-1800.
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Alarsite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Alarsite (TL)
Formula: AlAsO4
Reference: [DAN,(1994) 338, n4, 501-505; MinRec 27:201]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Aleutite (TL)
Formula: [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yury S. Polekhovsky, Y.S. (2019) Aleutite [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4)·(Cu0.5□0.5)Cl, a new complex salt-inclusion mineral with Cu2+ substructure derived from Kagome-net. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(6): 847-853.
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Allochalcoselite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Allochalcoselite (TL)
Formula: Cu+PbCu2+5(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Type Locality:
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N., Fitatov, S.K., Berns, P.K., Ananyev, V.V. (2005) Allochalcoselite, Cu+Cu2+5 PbO2(SeO3)2Cl5 - a new mineral from volcanic exhalations (Kamchatka, Russia). Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchetstva, 134(3), 70-74 .; Ercit, T.S., Piilonen, P.C., Locock, A.J., Kolitsch, U., Rowe, R. (2006) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 91, 1201-1209.
ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018). Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
ⓘ 'α-Brass'
Formula: Cu3Zn
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ Altaite
Formula: PbTe
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Aluminium
Formula: Al
Reference: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., & Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014, January). Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 454, No. 1, pp. 47-49). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Alumoåkermanite
Formula: (CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
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Alumoedtollite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Alumoedtollite (TL)
Formula: K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Sidorov, E.G., Ksenofontov, D.A., Britvin, S.N. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2017) Alumoedtollite, IMA2017-020. CNMNC Newsletter No. 38, August 2017, page 1034; Mineralogical Magazine, 81, 1033–1038.
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Alumoklyuchevskite (TL)
Formula: K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Description: From thesecond cone of the Northern Breakthrough.
Reference: [AmMin 84:685]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Description: Occurs as fumarolic incrustations.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 539.
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Reference: Kutyrev, A. V., Sidorov, E. G., Kamenetsky, V. S., Chubarov, V. M., Chayka, I. F., & Abersteiner, A. (2021). Platinum mineralization and geochemistry of the Matysken zoned Ural-Alaskan type complex and related placer (Far East Russia). Ore Geology Reviews, 130, 103947.
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
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Anatolyite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Anatolyite (TL)
Formula: Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Lykova, I.S., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Turchkova, A.G., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Scheidl, K.S. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XI. Anatolyite, Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(5): 633-638.
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Andradite

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018). Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
ⓘ Andradite var. Demantoid
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: http://geo.web.ru/druza/l-Tamvatnei.htm; http://www.pegmatite.ru/
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Topazolite

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
ⓘ Andradite var. Topazolite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: According reports of the expedition Center Quartz Gems under the leadership of V.S. Chernavtsev, this expedition worked there at 1975-1982 years.
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite
Formula: (Pb,Cu)SO4
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
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Anhydrite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Anorthite

Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Anan’ev, V. V., & Selyangin, O. B. (2011). Rhonite in molten inclusions from the olivine of allivalite nodules from Malyi Semyachik Volcano and basalts of Klyuchevskoi Volcano, Kamchatka. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 5(5), 335-340.
ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Antimonselite
Formula: Sb2Se3
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
ⓘ Antipovite (TL)
Formula: Cu5O2(PO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O. I., Nazarchuk, E. V., Pautov, L. A., Borisov, A. S., and Mirakov, M. A.: Antipovite, IMA 2022-064, in: CNMNC Newsletter 70, Eur. J. Mineral., 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-591-2022, 2022
ⓘ Antlerite
Formula: Cu3(SO4)(OH)4
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Sulimova, N.V. (1994): Copper and lead minerals in old fumarolic fields of Mt. 1004, Kamchatka. Volcanology and Seismology 16, 259-274.
ⓘ Antofagastaite
Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Kovrugin, V.M., Siidra, O.I., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Koshlyakova, N.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Turchkova, A.G., Möhn, G. (2019) Antofagastaite, Na2Ca(SO4)2·1.5H2O, a new mineral related to syngenite. Mineralogical Magazine: 83 (in press).
ⓘ Anyuiite
Formula: AuPb2
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Reference: Viccaro, M., Giuffrida, M., Nicotra, E., & Ozerov, A. Y. (2012). Magma storage, ascent and recharge history prior to the 1991 eruption at Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: Inferences on the plumbing system geometry. Lithos, 140, 11-24.
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Aphthitalite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Aphthitalite
Formula: (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Arcanite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Arcanite
Formula: K2SO4
Reference: Diederik Visser List #39, July 2006
ⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)
Formula: Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Argyrodite
Formula: Ag8GeS6
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Arsenatrotitanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Arsenatrotitanite (TL)
Formula: NaTi(AsO4)O
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Yapaskurt, V.O., Sidorov, R.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. IX. Arsenatrotitanite, NaTiO(AsO4). Mineralogical Magazine: 83(3): 453-458.
ⓘ Arsenic
Formula: As
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]; Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
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Arsenowagnerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Arsenowagnerite (TL)
Formula: Mg2(AsO4)F
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015) Arsenowagnerite, IMA 2014-100. CNMNC Newsletter No. 24, April 2015, page 251; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 247-251; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2017): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. VIII. Arsenowagnerite, Mg2(AsO4)F. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 877-888. Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ 'Arsenpolybasite'
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Arsenudinaite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Arsenudinaite (TL)
Formula: NaMg4(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Agakhanov, A.A., Turchkova, A.G., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Arsenudinaite, IMA 2018-067. CNMNC Newsletter No. 45, October 2018: page xxx; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: xxx-xxx; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14984 Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
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Arsmirandite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Arsmirandite (TL)
Formula: Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Koshlyakova, N.N., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Göttlicher, J., Chukanov, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Krivovichev, S.V., Turhkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Arsmirandite, Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5, and lehmannite, Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5, new minerals from fumerole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski RMO: 149: 1-17., Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Krivovichev, S.V., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2015) Arsmirandite, IMA 2014-081. CNMNC Newsletter No. 23, February 2015, page 57; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 51-58. ; Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.
ⓘ Atacamite
Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl
Reference: N. V. Chukanov, M. N. Murashko, A. E. Zadov & A. F. Bushmakin (2006): Avdoninite, K2Cu5Cl8(OH)4• H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations and from the zone of technogenesis at massive sulphide ore deposits. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 135(3), 38–42; Chukanov, N. V., Murashko, M. N., Zadov, A. E., & Bushmakin, A. F. (2007). Avdoninite, K 2 Cu 5 Cl 8 (OH) 4· H 2 O, a new mineral species from volcanic exhalations and the technogenic zone at volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Geology of Ore Deposits, 49(7), 505-508.
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Atlasovite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Atlasovite (TL)
Formula: K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Reference: Popova, V.I., Popov, V.A., Rudashevskiy, N.S., Glavatskikh, S.F., Polyakov, V.O., Bushmakin, A.F. (1987) Nabokoite Cu7TeO4(SO4)5·KCl and atlasovite Cu6Fe3+Bi3+O4(SO4)5·KCl. New minerals of volcanic exhalations. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 116(3): 358-367.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Description: Magnesium-rich. Occurs in host picrite phenocrysts.
Reference: Turner, A., Drummond, M.S., Kepezhinskas, P., and Defant, M.J. (1996) Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mantle Xenoliths and Host Volcanics of the Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka Arc, Russia. 1996 Abstracts with Programs, The Geological Society of America.; Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Auricupride
Formula: Cu3Au
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Auroselenide (TL)
Formula: AuSe
Type Locality:
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Kasatkin, A, Nestola, F., Vy- mazalová, A., Agakhanov, A., Palyanova, G., and Korolyuk, V. (2022): Auroselenide, IMA 2022-052, in: CNMNC Newsletter 69, Eur. J. Mineral., 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-463-2022, 2022
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Avdoninite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Avdoninite (TL)
Formula: K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Reference: Chukanov, N.V., Murashko, M.N., Zadov, A.E., Bushmakin, A.F. (2006) Avdoninite, K2Cu5Cl8(OH)4•H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations and from the zone of technogenesis at massive sulphide ore deposits. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society: 135(3): 38–42.
ⓘ Averievite (TL)
Formula: Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
Reference: Starova, G.L., Krivovichev, S.V., Fundamensky, V.S., Filatov, S.K. (1997) The crystal structure of averievite, Cu5O2(VO4)2·nMX: comparison with related compounds. Mineralogical Magazine: 61: 441-446.
ⓘ Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
Reference: [MinRec 31:201]
ⓘ Axelite (TL)
Formula: Na14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2017) Axelite, IMA 2017-015a. CNMNC Newsletter No. 38, August 2017, page 1038; Mineralogical Magazine: 81: 1033–1038. ; Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Babingtonite
Formula: Ca2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Reference: No reference listed
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Badalovite (TL)
Formula: Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Agakhanov, A.A., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Badalovite, IMA 2016-053. CNMNC Newsletter No. 33, October 2016, page 1140; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 1135–1144; Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
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Bakakinite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bakakinite (TL)
Formula: Ca2V2O7
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Koshlyakova, N. N., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O.,Britvin, S. N., Vigasina, M. F., Turchkova, A. G., and Nazarova, M. A.: Bakakinite, IMA 2022-046, in: CNMNC Newsletter 69, Eur. J. Mineral., 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-463-2022, 2022
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Balyakinite

Aginskoe Au deposit, Central Kamchatka mining district, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Balyakinite (TL)
Formula: Cu(TeO3)
Reference: Spiridonov, E.M. (1980) Balyakinite CuTeO3 — a new mineral from the oxidation zone. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 253: 1448-1450.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
ⓘ Bannermanite
Formula: (Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Barrerite
Formula: Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bassanite
Formula: Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O
ⓘ Beidellite
Formula: (Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
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Belloite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Belloite
Formula: Cu(OH)Cl
Reference: N. V. Chukanov, M. N. Murashko, A. E. Zadov & A. F. Bushmakin (2006): Avdoninite, K2Cu5Cl8(OH)4• H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations and from the zone of technogenesis at massive sulphide ore deposits. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 135(3), 38–42; Chukanov, N. V., Murashko, M. N., Zadov, A. E., & Bushmakin, A. F. (2007). Avdoninite, K 2 Cu 5 Cl 8 (OH) 4· H 2 O, a new mineral species from volcanic exhalations and the technogenic zone at volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Geology of Ore Deposits, 49(7), 505-508.
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Belomarinaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Belomarinaite (TL)
Formula: KNa(SO4)
Reference: Filatov, S.K., Shablinskii, A.P., Vergasova, L.P., Saprikina, O.Y., Bubnova, R.S., Moskaleva, S.V., Belousov, A.B. (2019) Belomarinaite KNa(SO4): A new sulfate from 2012–2013 Tolbachik Fissure eruption, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(4): 569-575.
ⓘ Belousovite (TL)
Formula: KZn(SO4)Cl
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Lukina, E.A., Kayukov, R.A., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Karpov, G.A. and Shilovskikh, V.V. (2016) Belousovite, IMA 2016-047. CNMNC Newsletter No. 33, October 2016, page 1139; Mineralogical Magazine, 80, 1135–1144; Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Lukina, E.A., Zaitsev, A.N., Shilovskikh, V.V. (2018): Belousovite, KZn(SO4)Cl, a new sulphate mineral from the Tolbachik volcano with apophyllite sheet-topology. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 1079-1088.
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Berzeliite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Berzeliite
Formula: (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Reference: M.O. Bulakh, I. V. Pekov, N. N. Koshlyakova, D.Sc. E. G. Sidorov (2021) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarole Exhalations of Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka) Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society 150:67-87 (in Russian) Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Bezsmertnovite (TL)
Formula: (Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Type Locality:
Reference: Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Bilibinskite (TL)
Formula: PbCu2Au3Te2
Reference: Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
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Bischofite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bischofite
Formula: MgCl2 · 6H2O
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Bismite
Formula: Bi2O3
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Bismuth
Formula: Bi
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Blödite
Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Ksenofontov, D.A., Kabalov, Y.K., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Zadov, A.E., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2012): Krasheninnikovite, KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. American Mineralogist, 97, 1788-1795
ⓘ Blossite
Formula: α-Cu2(V2O7)
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Bobjonesite
Formula: (V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
Reference: Siidra, O. I., Vergasova, L. P., Kretser, Y. L., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Filatov, S. K., & Krivovichev, S. V. (2014). Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4 (VO) 3 (SO4) 5 (H2O) 5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78(7), 1711-1724.
ⓘ Bogdanovite (TL)
Formula: (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Type Locality:
Reference: Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Bohdanowiczite
Formula: AgBiSe2
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
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Bonattite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bonattite
Formula: CuSO4 · 3H2O
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
ⓘ Bonazziite ?
Formula: As4S4
Reference: Bindi, L., Pratesi, G., Muniz-Miranda, M., Zoppi, M., Chelazzi, L., Lepore, G. O., & Menchetti, S. (2015). From ancient pigments to modern optoelectronic applications of arsenic sulfides: bonazziite, the natural analogue of β-As4S4 from Khaidarkan deposit, Kyrgyzstan. Mineralogical Magazine, 79(1), 121-131
ⓘ Boothite
Formula: CuSO4 · 7H2O
Reference: http://maurice.strahlen.org/minerals/boothite.htm.
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Borisenkoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Borisenkoite (TL)
Formula: Cu3[(V,As)O4]2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2020) A new mineral borisenkoite, Cu3[(V,As)O4]2, and the isomorphous series borisenkoite–lammerite-β in fumarolic exhalations of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 47: 17.
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
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Bowieite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bowieite
Formula: Rh2S3
Reference: Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Bradaczekite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bradaczekite (TL)
Formula: NaCu4(AsO4)3
Reference: Filatov, S. K., Vergasova, L. P., Gorskaya, M. G., Krivovichev, S. V., Burns, P. C., & Ananiev, V. V. (2001). Bradaczekite, NaCu4 (AsO4) 3, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(4), 1115-1119.
ⓘ Braggite
Formula: PdPt3S4
Reference: Mikon specimen
ⓘ Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Krzątała, A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Galuskina, I.O., Galuskin, E.V., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Vapnik, Y. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2022) Pliniusite, Ca5 (VO4) 3F, a new apatite-group mineral and the novel natural ternary solid-solution system pliniusite–svabite–fluorapatite. American Mineralogist, 107(8), 1626-1634.
ⓘ Brushite
Formula: Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Bubnovaite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Bubnovaite (TL)
Formula: K2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Reference: found in volcanic fumaroles of the 2012–2013 Tolbachik fissure eruption, Kamchatka peninsula, on the new cinder Naboko cone
ⓘ Bunsenite
Formula: NiO
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Burnsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Burnsite (TL)
Formula: KCdCu2+7(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Type Locality:
Reference: Krivovichev S V, Vergasova L P, Starova G L, Filatov S K, Britvin S N, Roberts A C, Steele I M (2002) Burnsite, KCdCu7O2(SeO3)2Cl9, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, The Canadian Mineralogist 40, 1171-1175. Burns, P.C., Krivovichev, S.V. & Filatov, S.K. (2002) New Cu2+ coordination polyhedra in the crystal structure of burnsite, KCdCu7O2(SeO3)2Cl9. Canadian Mineralogist 40, 1587-1595. ; Mandarino, J. A. (2003). New minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41(3), 803-828.
ⓘ Cadmium
Formula: Cd
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Cadwaladerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cadwaladerite
Formula: Al5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Stepanova, E.L., Serafimova, E.K., Filatov, S K. (1997) Lesukite Al2(OH)5Cl.2H2O - a new mineral from volcanic exhalation. Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 126: 104-110. (as lesukite)
ⓘ Calaverite
Formula: AuTe2
Reference: Bonev, I. K., Petrunov, R., Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2005). Kostovite and its argentian varieties: Deposits and mineral associations. Geochem. Mineral. Petrol.(Bulg. Acad. Sci.), 42, 1-22.; Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Calciohatertite (TL)
Formula: NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2021) Calciohatertite, IMA 2021-013. CNMNC Newsletter 62; Mineralogical Magazine: 85, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.62
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Calciojohillerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Calciojohillerite (TL)
Formula: NaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Agakhanov, A.A., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2021) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XV. Calciojohillerite, NaCaMgMg2(AsO4)3, a member of the alluaudite group. Mineralogical Magazine: 85(2): 215-223.; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 1315–1321.; Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901. Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
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Calciolangbeinite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Calciolangbeinite (TL)
Formula: K2Ca2(SO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2011) Calciolangbeinite, IMA 2011-067. CNMNC Newsletter No. 11, December 2011, page 2890; Mineralogical Magazine, 75, 2887-2893.; Pekov, I. V., Zelenski, M. E., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2012). Calciolangbeinite, K2Ca2 (SO4) 3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 76(3), 673-682.
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
ⓘ Carmeltazite
Formula: ZrAl2Ti4O11
Reference: Rappenglück, M. A. (2022). Natural Iron Silicides: A Systematic Review. Minerals, 12(2), 188.
ⓘ Carnallite
Formula: KMgCl3 · 6H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Lykova, I.S., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushscharovsky, D.Yu. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 247-253.
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Carpathite

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
ⓘ Carpathite
Formula: C24H12
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
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Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Reference: Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Cesiodymite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cesiodymite (TL)
Formula: CsKCu5O(SO4)5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Cesiodymite, IMA 2016-002. CNMNC Newsletter No. 31, June 2016, page 694; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 691–697; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N. (2018): Cryptochalcite, K2Cu5O(SO4)5, and cesiodymite, CsKCu5O(SO4)5, two new isotypic minerals and the K-Cs isomorphism in this solid-solution series. European Journal of Mineralogy, 30: 593-607
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.
ⓘ Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
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Chalcocyanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chalcocyanite
Formula: CuSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
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Challacolloite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Challacolloite
Formula: KPb2Cl5
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
ⓘ Cherepanovite
Formula: RhAs
Reference: ZVMO 114 (1985), 464; HB1 (1990); Fejer, E. E. (1986). Thirty-fourth list of new mineral names. Mineralogical Magazine, 50, 741-61.
ⓘ Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Chlorartinite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chlorartinite (TL)
Formula: Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Serafimova, E.K., and Sergeyeva, S.V. (1998) Chlorartinite Mg2(CO3)ClOH·3H2O — a new mineral from exhalations. Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 127(2): 55-59 (in Russian).; Jambor, J.L., Pertsev, N.N., and Roberts, A.C. (1999) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 84: 1195-1198.
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Chloromenite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chloromenite (TL)
Formula: Cu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
Reference: European Journal of Mineralogy(1999) 11, 119-123; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
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Chlorothionite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chlorothionite
Formula: K2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zelenski, M. E., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2012). Calciolangbeinite, K2Ca2 (SO4) 3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 76(3), 673-682
ⓘ 'Chlor-spodiosite'
Formula: Ca2PO4Cl
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.; Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Chrysothallite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chrysothallite (TL)
Formula: K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Chrysothallite, IMA 2013-008. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2702; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2695-2709.
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Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Chubarovite (TL)
Formula: KZn2(BO3)Cl2
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Pautov, L.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Chubarovite, IMA 2014-018. CNMNC Newsletter No. 21, August 2014, page 799; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 797-804.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Pautov, L.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015): Chubarovite,KZn2(BO3)Cl2, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist. 53: 273-284
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Cinnabar

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
ⓘ Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Clausthalite
Formula: PbSe
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
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Clinoenstatite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Clinoenstatite
Formula: MgSiO3
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ 'Clinoptilolite'
Formula: M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Cohenite
Formula: Fe3C
Reference: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., & Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014, January). Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 454, No. 1, pp. 47-49). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Coloradoite
Formula: HgTe
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Colusite
Formula: Cu13VAs3S16
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Cooperite
Formula: PtS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Coparsite (TL)
Formula: Cu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Starova, G.L., Krivovichev, S.V., Filatov, S.K., and Ananiev, V.V. (1999) Coparsite, Cu4O2[(As,V)O4]Cl, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist: 37: 911-914.; Starova, G.L., Krivovichev, S.V., Filatov, S.K. (1998) Crystal chemistry of inorganic compounds based on chains of oxocentered tetrahedra. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 213: 650-653.
ⓘ Copper
Formula: Cu
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ Cordierite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Cotunnite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cotunnite
Formula: PbCl2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2019
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Cryobostryxite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cryobostryxite (TL)
Formula: KZnCl3 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Cryobostryxite, IMA 2014-058. CNMNC Newsletter No. 22, October 2014, page 1247; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1241-1248.
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Cryptochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cryptochalcite (TL)
Formula: K2Cu5O(SO4)5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015) Cryptochalcite, IMA 2014-106. CNMNC Newsletter No. 25, June 2015, page 530; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 529-535. ;Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N. (2018): Cryptochalcite, K2Cu5O(SO4)5, and cesiodymite, CsKCu5O(SO4)5, two new isotypic minerals and the K-Cs isomorphism in this solid-solution series. European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 593-607
ⓘ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Mavrogenes, J. A., Gurenko, A. A., & Danyushevsky, L. V. (2018). Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478, 102-111.
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Cuprodobrovolskyite (TL)
Formula: Na4Cu(SO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Belakovskiy, D. I., Zubkova, N. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Britvin, S. N., and Nazarova, M. A. (2022): Cuprodobrovolskyite, IMA 2022-061, in: CNMNC Newsletter 70, Eur. J. Mineral., 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-591-2022.
ⓘ Cuproiridsite (TL)
Formula: (Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cupromolybdite (TL)
Formula: Cu3O(MoO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Polekhovsky, Yu.S. & Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2012): Cupromolybdite, Cu3O(MoO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24, 749-757.
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cuprorhodsite (TL)
Formula: (Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Cuprospinel
Formula: Cu2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Vigasina, M.F., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Turchkova, A.G. (2018): Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia[i]. Minerals: 8: 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110498; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14995
ⓘ Cuprostibite
Formula: Cu2(Sb,Tl)
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
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Cyanochroite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Cyanochroite
Formula: K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zelenski, M. E., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2012). Calciolangbeinite, K2Ca2 (SO4) 3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 76(3), 673-682.
ⓘ Deltalumite (TL)
Formula: (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Anikin, L.P., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Zubkova, N.V. (2016): Deltalumite, IMA 2016-027. CNMNC Newsletter No. 32, August 2016, page 919; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 915–922
ⓘ Demartinite
Formula: K2[SiF6]
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Diamond
Formula: C
Description: Occur in high-Mg picrites that host mantle xenoliths.
Reference: Turner, A., Drummond, M.S., Kepezhinskas, P., and Defant, M.J. (1996) Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mantle Xenoliths and Host Volcanics of the Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka Arc, Russia. 1996 Abstracts with Programs, The Geological Society of America.; Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Diamond var. Carbonado
Formula: C
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]; Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
ⓘ Dickite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]; Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
ⓘ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in host picrite phenocrysts.
Reference: Turner, A., Drummond, M.S., Kepezhinskas, P., and Defant, M.J. (1996) Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mantle Xenoliths and Host Volcanics of the Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka Arc, Russia. 1996 Abstracts with Programs, The Geological Society of America.; Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside
Formula: Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Description: Occurs in host picrite phenocrysts.
Reference: Turner, A., Drummond, M.S., Kepezhinskas, P., and Defant, M.J. (1996) Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mantle Xenoliths and Host Volcanics of the Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka Arc, Russia. 1996 Abstracts with Programs, The Geological Society of America.; Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Diopside var. Salite
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Dioskouriite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Dioskouriite (TL)
Formula: CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Zolotarev, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Krivovichev, S.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Kasatkin, A.V., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Dioskouriite, IMA No. 2015-106. CNMNC Newsletter No. 30, April 2016, page 409; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 407–413.
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Dmisokolovite (TL)
Formula: K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Dmisokolovite, IMA 2013-079. CNMNC Newsletter No. 18, December 2013, page 3253; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 3249-3258.
ⓘ Dobrovolskyite (TL)
Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Shablinskii, A.P. Filatov, S.K., Krivovichev, S.V., Vergasova, L.P., Moskaleva, S.V., Avdontseva, E.Yu., Knyazev, A.V., Bubnova, R.S. (2021) Dobrovolskyite, Na4Ca(SO4)3, a new fumarolic sulfate from the Great Tolbachik fissure eruption, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine: 85(2): 233-241.; Shablinskii, A.P., Filatov, S.K., Vergasova, L.P., Moskaleva, S.V., Avdontseva, E.Y., Bubnova, R.S. (2020): Dobrovolskyite, IMA 2019-106; in: CNMNC Newsletter 54. Eur. J. Mineral.: 32, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-275-2020; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16176
ⓘ Dokuchaevite (TL)
Formula: Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Wenzel, T. and Spratt, J. (2018) Dokuchaevite, IMA 2018-012. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 783; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 779-785.
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Dolerophanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Dolerophanite
Formula: Cu2(SO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Dravertite (TL)
Formula: CuMg(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015) Dravertite, IMA 2014-104. CNMNC Newsletter No. 25, June 2015, page 530; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 529-535; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2017): Dravertite, CuMg(SO4)2, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 29: 323-330.
ⓘ Dypingite
Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Dyscrasite
Formula: Ag3Sb
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Vymazalová, A., Petrova, E. A., & Stenin, N. (2017). The Gaching Au mineralization in the Maletoivayam ore field, Kamchatka, Russia. In Materials 14th SGA Biennial Meeting Quebec Citi, Canada (Vol. 1, pp. 195-198).
ⓘ Eastonite
Formula: KMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Edtollite (TL)
Formula: K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Pautov, L.A., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Ksenofontov, D.A., Britvin, S.N. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016) Edtollite, IMA 2016-010. CNMNC Newsletter No. 31, June 2016, page 696; Mineralogical Magazine, 80, 691–697.
ⓘ Elasmochloite (TL)
Formula: Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Agakhanov, A.A., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. (2019) Elasmochloite, Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 31(5-6): 1025–1032.; Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Agakhanov, A.A., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2018) Elasmochloite, IMA 2018-015. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 784; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 779-785.
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Eleomelanite (TL)
Formula: (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2020) Eleomelanite, (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist: 58(5): 625–636.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Eleomelanite, IMA 2015-118. CNMNC Newsletter No. 30, April 2016; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 407–413.
ⓘ Emplectite
Formula: CuBiS2
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
ⓘ Enargite
Formula: Cu3AsS4
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: {Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ericlaxmanite (TL)
Formula: Cu4O(AsO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Ericlaxmanite, IMA 2013-022. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2706; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2695-2709.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. Ericlaxmanite and kozyrevskite, two natural modifications of Cu4O(AsO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1553–1569
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Eriochalcite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Eriochalcite
Formula: CuCl2 · 2H2O
Reference: Diederik Visser List #39, July 2006
ⓘ Erlichmanite
Formula: OsS2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Erythrosiderite
Formula: K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
ⓘ Esseneite
Formula: CaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
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Euchlorine

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Euchlorine
Formula: KNaCu3(SO4)3O
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
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Evdokimovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Evdokimovite (TL)
Formula: Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O. I., Vergasova, L. P., Kretser, Y. L., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Filatov, S. K., & Krivovichev, S. V. (2014). Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4 (VO) 3 (SO4) 5 (H2O) 5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78(7), 1711-1724.
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Evseevite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Evseevite (TL)
Formula: Na2Mg(AsO4)F
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2019): Evseevite, IMA 2019-064. CNMNC Newsletter No. 52; Mineralogical Magazine, 83, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.73; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15946
ⓘ Fairchildite
Formula: K2Ca(CO3)2
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Famatinite
Formula: Cu3SbS4
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.
ⓘ 'Famatinite-Luzonite Series'
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Fedotovite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Fedotovite (TL)
Formula: K2Cu3(SO4)3O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Serafimova, Y.K., Starova, G.L. (1988) Fedotovite K2Cu3O(SO4)3 - a new mineral from volcanic sublimates. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 299: 961-964.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Feodosiyite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Feodosiyite (TL)
Formula: Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015) Feodosiyite, IMA 2015-063. CNMNC Newsletter No. 28, December 2015, page 1860; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1859–1864. ; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Ksenofontov, D.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Khanin, D.A., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2018): Feodosiyite, Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8·16H2O, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 195, 27-39
ⓘ Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Ferrisanidine, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ferrisanidine (TL)
Formula: K[Fe3+Si3O8]
Type Locality:
Reference: Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.; Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Ferronickelplatinum
Formula: Pt2FeNi
Reference: Fejer, E. E. (1986). Thirty-fourth list of new mineral names. Mineralogical Magazine, 50, 741-61.
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Filatovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Filatovite (TL)
Formula: K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Type Locality:
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N., Burns, P.C., and Ananiev, V.V. (2004) Filatovite, K[(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8], a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 16(3): 533-536.
ⓘ Fingerite
Formula: Cu11(VO4)6O2
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Fischesserite
Formula: Ag3AuSe2
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.; Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
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Flinteite, etc.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Flinteite (TL)
Formula: K2ZnCl4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Flinteite, IMA 2014-009. CNMNC Newsletter No. 20, June 2014, page 556; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 549-558.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. II. Flinteite, K2ZnCl4. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 581-588.; Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
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Fluoborite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Fluoborite
Formula: Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 699-716.; Zubkova, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Ksenofontov, D. A., Yapaskurt, V. O., Pushcharovsky, D. Y., & Sidorov, E. G. (2018, March). Arcanite from Fumarole Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and Its Crystal Structure. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 479, pp. 339-341). Pleiades Publishing.; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Fluorophlogopite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Fluorophlogopite
Formula: KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Ksenofontov, D.A., Kabalov, Y.K., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Zadov, A.E., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2012): Krasheninnikovite, KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. American Mineralogist, 97, 1788-1795
ⓘ 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'
Reference: American Mineralogist, Volume 82, pages 1038–1041, 1997
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2SiO4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in high-Mg olivine (Fo component = 77-89%). Occurs in host picrite phenocrysts.
Reference: Turner, A., Drummond, M.S., Kepezhinskas, P., and Defant, M.J. (1996) Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mantle Xenoliths and Host Volcanics of the Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka Arc, Russia. 1996 Abstracts with Programs, The Geological Society of America.
ⓘ Franklinite
Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Vigasina, M.F., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Turchkova, A.G. (2018): Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia[i]. Minerals: 8: 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110498; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14995
ⓘ 'Freibergite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
Reference: Savva, N. E., & Shakhtyrov, V. G. (2011). The Ol’cha gold-silver deposit: Tectonic setting, structure, and mineralogy. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53(5), 412-433.
ⓘ Gachingite (TL)
Formula: Au(Te1-xSex)
Type Locality:
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Tuhý, M., Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Plášil, J., Košek, F. (2022) Gachingite, Au(Te1–xSex) 0.2 ≈ x ≤ 0.5, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine: 86(2): 205-213.; Tolstykh, N.D., Tuhý, M., Vymazalová, A., Plášil, J., Laufek, F., Košek, F., Sidorov, E.G. (2021) Gachingite, IMA 2021-008. CNMNC Newsletter 62. Mineralogical Magazine: 85, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.62
ⓘ Gahnite
Formula: ZnAl2O4
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing Galena
Formula: Pb(S,Se)
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018) Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
ⓘ Geerite
Formula: Cu8S5
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
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Genkinite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Genkinite
Formula: Pt4Sb3
Reference: Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Georgbokiite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Georgbokiite (TL)
Formula: Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Reference: [Doklady Akad. Nauk, 364(4), 527–531; Zeits. Kristallogr., 214(3), 135– 138.; MinRec 31:201]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Geversite
Formula: PtSb2
Reference: Cabri, L. J., Oberthür, T., & Keays, R. R. (2022). Origin and depositional history of platinum-group minerals in placers–A critical review of facts and fiction. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104733.
ⓘ 'Glass'
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Mavrogenes, J. A., Gurenko, A. A., & Danyushevsky, L. V. (2018). Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478, 102-111.
ⓘ Glauberite
Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Shchipalkina, N.V., Zubkova, N.V., Gurzhiy, V.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Koshlyakova, N.N., Sidorov, E.G., Giester, G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist: 57(6): 885-901.
ⓘ Glikinite (TL)
Formula: Zn3O(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Nazarchuk, E.V., Siidra, O.I., Nekrasova, D.O., Shilovskikh, V.V., Borisov, A.S., Avdontseva, E.Y. (2020) Glikinite, Zn3O(SO4)2, a new anhydrous zinc oxysulfate mineral structurally based on OZn4 tetrahedra. Mineralogical Magazine: 84(4): 563–567.; Nazarchuk, E.V., Siidra, O.I., Nekrasova, D.O., Borisov, A.S. and Shilovskikh, V.V. (2019) Glikinite, IMA 2018-119. CNMNC Newsletter No. 47, February 2019, page 202. European Journal of Mineralogy: 31: 199–204.
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Gold

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Gold var. Palladium-bearing Gold
Formula: (Au,Pd)
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., and Podlipskiy, M. (2000): Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ Goldfieldite
Formula: (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12S
Reference: Bonev, I. K., Petrunov, R., Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2005). Kostovite and its argentian varieties: Deposits and mineral associations. Geochem. Mineral. Petrol.(Bulg. Acad. Sci.), 42, 1-22.
ⓘ Goryainovite
Formula: Ca2(PO4)Cl
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ 'Gray copper ore'
Formula: Cu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
ⓘ Grigorievite (TL)
Formula: Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Murashko, M.N., Yapaskurt , V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Kartashov, P.M. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Grigorievite, IMA 2012-047. CNMNC Newsletter No. 15, February 2013, page 15; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 1-12.
ⓘ Grossite
Formula: CaAl4O7
Reference: Rappenglück, M. A. (2022). Natural Iron Silicides: A Systematic Review. Minerals, 12(2), 188.
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018). Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
ⓘ Guanajuatite
Formula: Bi2Se3
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Vymazalová, A., Petrova, E. A., & Stenin, N. (2017). The Gaching Au mineralization in the Maletoivayam ore field, Kamchatka, Russia. In Materials 14th SGA Biennial Meeting Quebec Citi, Canada (Vol. 1, pp. 195-198).; Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
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Gypsum

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Halite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2019
ⓘ Halloysite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: http://maurice.strahlen.org/
ⓘ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Hatertite (TL)
Formula: Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Rybin, D.S., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N. and Ananiev, V.V. (2013) Hatertite, IMA 2012-048. CNMNC Newsletter No. 15, February 2013, page 3; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 1-12.
ⓘ Haüyne
Formula: (Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Heazlewoodite
Formula: Ni3S2
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
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Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey (2005) Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Hemusite
Formula: Cu6SnMoS8
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite
Formula: (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Hermannjahnite (TL)
Formula: CuZn(SO4)2
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Lukina, E.A., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Pekov, I.V., Karpov, G.A. and Yapaskurt, V.O. (2015) Hermannjahnite, IMA 2015-050. CNMNC Newsletter No. 27, October 2015, page 1225; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1229–1236; Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Lukina, E.A., Zaitsev, A.N., Turner, R., Filatov, S.K., Pekov, I.V., Karpov, G.A., Yapaskurt, V.O. (2018): Hermannjahnite, CuZn(SO4)2, a new mineral with chalcocyanite derivative structure from the Naboko scoria cone of the 2012–2013 fissure eruption at Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogy and Petrology: 112: 123-134.
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Hexaferrum (TL)
Formula: (Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Description: The mineral occurs as inclusions of cubic or octahedral crystals up to 200 micron, with most 5–50 micron, in Cr spinel at the Chirynaisky dunite-harzburgite massif.
Reference: [ZVMO 127/5 (1998), 41; MinRec 31:201]
ⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)
Formula: (Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
Reference: Mochalov A.G., Dmitrenko G.G., Rudashevsky N.S., Zhernovsky I.V. & Boldyreva M.M. (1998) Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 127, issue 5, 41-51 [in Russian]
ⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)
Formula: (Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Reference: Mochalov A.G., Dmitrenko G.G., Rudashevsky N.S., Zhernovsky I.V. & Boldyreva M.M. (1998) Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 127, issue 5, 41-51 [in Russian]
ⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)
Formula: (Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
Reference: Mochalov A.G., Dmitrenko G.G., Rudashevsky N.S., Zhernovsky I.V. & Boldyreva M.M. (1998) Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 127, issue 5, 41-51 [in Russian]
ⓘ Hexahydrite
Formula: MgSO4 · 6H2O
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Hibonite
Formula: CaAl12O19
Reference: Rappenglück, M. A. (2022). Natural Iron Silicides: A Systematic Review. Minerals, 12(2), 188.
ⓘ Hodrušite
Formula: Cu8Bi12S22
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Hollandite
Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. II. Flinteite, K2ZnCl4. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 581-588.; Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
ⓘ Hollingworthite
Formula: (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Hongshiite
Formula: PtCu
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'Hornblende'
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Hunchunite
Formula: Au2Pb
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ 'Hydrogoethite'
Formula: 3Fe2O3 · 4H2O
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
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Hydrokenoralstonite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite
Formula: Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Reference: L. P. Vergasova, S. V. Krivovichev, S. K. Filatov, S. N. Britvin, P. C. Burns & V. V. Ananyev (2006): Parageorgbokiite, beta-Cu5O2(SeO3)2Cl2 – a new mineral from volcanic exhalation (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia). Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 135(4), 24–28.
ⓘ Hydromagnesite
Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Hydromica'
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
ⓘ 'Hydrophilite'
Reference: Vergasova L P, Filatov S K, Starova G L, Matusevich Z L, Filosofova T M (1996) Vlodavetsite, AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl·4H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations, Transactions (Doklady) of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Earth science sections, 343, 173-176 abstract Am Min 81:768
ⓘ Ice
Formula: H2O
Reference: http://www.answers.com/topic/avacha.
ⓘ Idaite
Formula: Cu5FeS6
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.
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Ilinskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ilinskite (TL)
Formula: (Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Reference: DAN,(1997) 353, n5, 641-644; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Mandarino, J. A. (2003). New minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41(3), 803-828.
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Inaglyite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Inaglyite
Formula: Cu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Indialite
Formula: Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Iridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Iridium var. Osmiridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ Iridium var. Rutheniridium
Formula: (Ir,Ru)
Reference: AmMin 84:1685-1688
ⓘ Iron
Formula: Fe
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: S. ISHIMARU, S. ARAI and H. SHUKUNO (2009) Metals in oxidized and metasomatized peridotite xenoliths derived from the mantle wedge. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009.
ⓘ 'Iron-Platinum alloy'
Formula: (Pt,Fe)
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E.G., and Kozlov, A.P. (2004) Platinum-group minerals in lode and placier deposits associated with the Ural-Alaskan-type Gal'moenan complex, Koryak-Kamchatka Platinum Belt, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 42(2), 619-630; Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Kozlov, A.P., and Chubarov, V.M. [Толстых, Н.Д., Сидоров, Е.Г., Видик, С.В., Козлов, и Чубаров, В.М.] (2009) The lode mineralization of the Gal'moenan massif, Koryakiya (Ural-Alaskan type) [Коренная минерализация массива Гальмоэнан, Корякия (Урало-Аляскинский тип)]. In: Koroteev, V.A. (chief ed.) [Коротеев, В.А. (отв. ред.)], Ultramafic-mafic complexes in folded regions and related deposits. Proceedings of the 3d International Conference [Ультрабазит-базитовые комплексы складчатых областей и связанные с ними месторождения. Материалы третьей международной конференции]. Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences [Институт геологии и геохимии УрО РАН], Yekaterinburg, Vol. 2, pages 189-193 (in Russian).
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Isoferroplatinum

Ledyanoy Creek placer, Gal'moenan ultrabasic massif, Korf, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Isoferroplatinum
Formula: Pt3Fe
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Itelmenite (TL)
Formula: Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Reference: Nazarchuk, E.V., Siidra, O.I., Agakhanov, A.A., Lukina, E.A., Avdontseva, E.Y., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K. and Karpov, G.A.(2015) Itelmenite, IMA2015-047. CNMNC Newsletter No. 27, October 2015, page 1225; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1229–1236. ;Nazarchuk, E.V., Siidra, O.I., Agakhanov, A.A., Lukina, E.A., Avdontseva, E.Y., Karpov, G.A. (2018): Itelmenite, Na2CuMg2(SO4)4, a new anhydrous sulphate mineral from the Tolbachik volcano. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 1233-1241
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Ivsite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ivsite (TL)
Formula: Na3H(SO4)2
Reference: Filatov, S.K., Karpov, G.A., Shablinskii, A.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Vergasova, L.P., Antonov, A.V. (2016) Ivsite, Na3H(SO4)2, a New Mineral from Volcanic Exhalations of Fumaroles of the Fissure Tolbachik Eruption. Doklady Earth Sciences: 468: 632-635.; Filatov, S.K., Karpov, G.A., Shablinskii, A.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Vergasova, L.P. and Antonov, A.V. (2014) Ivsite, IMA 2013-138. CNMNC Newsletter No. 20, June 2014, page 554. Mineralogical Magazine: 78: 549-558.
ⓘ Jakobssonite
Formula: CaAlF5
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
ⓘ Jalpaite
Formula: Ag3CuS2
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176). Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Reference: Savva, N. E., & Shakhtyrov, V. G. (2011). The Ol’cha gold-silver deposit: Tectonic setting, structure, and mineralogy. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53(5), 412-433.
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Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Johillerite
Formula: Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Reference: Glavatskikh, S.F. and Bykova, E.Y. (1998) First finding of exhalative johillerite (Kamchatka). Doklady Akademii Nauk: 361: 795-798.; Jambor, J.L. and Roberts, A.C. (2002) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 87: 765-768.; Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N., Burns, P.C., and Ananiev, V.V. (2004) Filatovite, K[(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8], a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 16(3): 533-536.;
ⓘ Kainite
Formula: KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Lykova, I.S., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushscharovsky, D.Yu. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 247-253.
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Kainotropite

Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kainotropite (TL)
Formula: Cu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
Description: It forms prismatic crystals up to 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.5 mm3, isolated or combined in clusters up to 0.7 mm across.
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015) Kainotropite, IMA 2015-053. CNMNC Newsletter No. 27, October 2015, page 1226; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1229–1236.; Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Britvin, S. N. , Turchkova, A. G., Sidorov, E. G. & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2020) Kainotropite, Cu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4), a new mineral with a complex vanadate anion from fumarolic exhalations of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 58: 155-165.
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Kaliochalcite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kaliochalcite (TL)
Formula: KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Siidra, O.I., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Zelenski, M.E., Murashko, M.N. and Sidorov, E.G. (2013) Kaliochalcite, IMA 2013-037. CNMNC Newsletter No. 17, October 2013, page 2998; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2997-3005. ; Pekov, I.V., Siidra, O.I., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Murashko, M.N., Sidorov, E.G. (2014): Kaliochalcite, KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)], a new tsumcorite-group mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26, 597-604.
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Kalithallite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kalithallite (TL)
Formula: K3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Krzhizhanovskaya, M.G., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I. and Sidorov, E.G. (2017) Kalithallite, IMA 2017-044. CNMNC Newsletter No. 39, October 2017, page 1280; Mineralogical Magazine: 81: 1279–1286.
ⓘ Kalsilite
Formula: KAlSiO4
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
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Kamchatkite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kamchatkite (TL)
Formula: KCu3(SO4)2OCl
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Serafimova, Y.K., Varaksina, T.V. (1988) Kamchatkite KCu3OCl(SO4)2 – a new mineral from volcanic sublimates. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 117(4): 459-461.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Karlditmarite (TL)
Formula: Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O. I., Nazarchuk, E. V., Pautov, L. A., Borisov, A. S., and Avdontseva, E. Y.: Karlditmarite, IMA2021-003, in: CNMNC Newsletter 61, Eur. J. Mineral.: 33, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-299-2021
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Karpovite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Karpovite (TL)
Formula: Tl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Type Locality:
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Siidra, O.I., Kretser, Y.L., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Filatov, S.K. and Krivovichev, S.V. (2013) Karpovite, IMA 2013-040. CNMNC Newsletter No. 17, October 2013, page 2999; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2997-3005. ; Siidra, O.I., Vergasova, L.P., Kretser, Y.L., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Filatov, S.K., and Krivovichev, S.V. (2014): Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. II. Karpovite, Tl2VO(SO4)2(H2O). Mineralogical Magazine 78, 1699-1709. ; Siidra, O. I., Vergasova, L. P., Kretser, Y. L., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Filatov, S. K., & Krivovichev, S. V. (2014). Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4 (VO) 3 (SO4) 5 (H2O) 5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78(7), 1711-1724.
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Kashinite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kashinite
Formula: Ir2S3
Reference: Kutyrev, A. V., Sidorov, E. G., Antonov, A. V., & Chubarov, V. M. (2018). Platinum-group mineral assemblage of the Prizhimny Creek (Koryak Highland). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 59(8), 935-944.
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Katiarsite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Katiarsite (TL)
Formula: KTiO(AsO4)
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Zubkova, N.V., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2014) Katiarsite, IMA 2014- 025. CNMNC Newsletter No. 21, August 2014, page 800; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 797-804. ; Pekov, I.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Zubkova, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. (2016): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. V. Katiarsite, KTiO(AsO4). Mineralogical Magazine, 80, 639-646
ⓘ Keithconnite
Formula: Pd20Te7
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Khrenovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Khrenovite (TL)
Formula: Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Khrenovite, IMA 2017-105. CNMNC Newsletter No. 42, April 2018, page 448; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 445-451.
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Klyuchevskite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Klyuchevskite (TL)
Formula: K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Gorskaya, M.G., Ananiev, V.V., Sharov, A.S. (1989) Klyuchevskite K3Cu3Fe3+O2(SO4)4 — a new mineral from volcanic sublimates. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 118(1): 70-73.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
ⓘ Koksharovite (TL)
Formula: CaMg2Fe3+4(VO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Kartashov, P.M., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Murashko, M.N., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Koksharovite, CaMg2Fe3+ 4 (VO4) 6, and grigorievite, Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6, two new howardevansite-group minerals from volcanic exhalations. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26, 667–677.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Kartashov, P.M., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Koksharovite, IMA 2012-092. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2698. Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2695-2709.
ⓘ Konderite
Formula: Cu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Kononovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kononovite (TL)
Formula: NaMg(SO4)F
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Krzhizhanovskaya, M.G., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S. and Sidorov, E.G. (2014) Kononovite, IMA 2013-116. CNMNC Newsletter No. 19, February 2014, page 169; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 165-170.; Pekov, I.V., Krzhizhanovskaya, M.G., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G. (2015): Kononovite, NaMg(SO4)F, a new mineral from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 575-580
ⓘ Koryakite (TL)
Formula: NaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Nazarchuk, E.V., Siidra, O.I., Zaitsev, A.N. and Vlasenko, N.S. (2018) Koryakite, IMA 2018-013. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 784; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 779-785.
ⓘ Kostovite
Formula: CuAuTe4
Reference: Bonev, I. K., Petrunov, R., Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2005). Kostovite and its argentian varieties: Deposits and mineral associations. Geochem. Mineral. Petrol.(Bulg. Acad. Sci.), 42, 1-22.
ⓘ Kotulskite
Formula: Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
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Kozyrevskite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Kozyrevskite (TL)
Formula: Cu4O(AsO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Kozyrevskite, IMA 2013-023. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2706; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2695-2709.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. Ericlaxmanite and kozyrevskite, two natural modifications of Cu4O(AsO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1553–1569
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Krasheninnikovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Krasheninnikovite (TL)
Formula: KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Ksenofontov, D.A., Kabalov,Y.K., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Zadov,A.E. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2011) :Krasheninnikovite, IMA 2011-044. CNMNC Newsletter No. 10, October 2011, page 2559; Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Ksenofontov, D.A., Kabalov, Y.K., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Zadov, A.E., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2012): Krasheninnikovite, KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. American Mineralogist, 97, 1788-1795
ⓘ 'Krasnogorite'
Formula: WO3
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Krennerite
Formula: Au3AgTe8
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Kufahrite (TL)
Formula: PtPb
Type Locality:
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Kutyrev, A.V., Zhitova, E.S., Agakhanov, A.A., Sandimirova, E.I., Vymazalova, A., Chubarov, V.M., and Zolotarev, A.A. (2021) Kufahrite, PtPb, a new mineral from Ledyanoy Creek placer, Galmoenan ultramafic complex, Koryak Highlands, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(2), 254-261; Sidorov, E.G., Kutyrev, A.V., Zhitova, E.S., Agakhanov, A.A., Sandimirova, E.I., Vymazalova, A., and Chubarov, V.M. (2020) Kufahrite, IMA 2020-045, in: CNMNC Newsletter 57, European Journal of Mineralogy, 32, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-495-2020, 2020.
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Lammerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Lammerite
Formula: Cu3(AsO4)2
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
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Langbeinite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Langbeinite
Formula: K2Mg2(SO4)3
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.
ⓘ Laurite
Formula: RuS2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Lead
Formula: Pb
Reference: No reference listed
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Lehmannite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Lehmannite (TL)
Formula: Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Koshlyakova, N.N., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Göttlicher, J., Chukanov, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Krivovichev, S.V., Turhkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Arsmirandite, Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5, and lehmannite, Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5, new minerals from fumerole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski RMO: 149: 1-17.
ⓘ Lenaite
Formula: AgFeS2
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Leningradite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Leningradite (TL)
Formula: PbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Semenova, T.F., Anan'yev, V.V. (1990) Leningradite PbCu3(VO4)2Cl2, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 310, 1434-1437.
ⓘ Leonardsenite
Formula: MgAlF5 · 2H2O
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
ⓘ Leucite
Formula: K(AlSi2O6)
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ 'Limonite'
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.
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Linarite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Linarite
Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Sulimova, N.V. (1994): Copper and lead minerals in old fumarolic fields of Mt. 1004, Kamchatka. Volcanology and Seismology 16, 259-274.
ⓘ Litidionite
Formula: CuNaKSi4O10
Reference: Shchipalkina, N.V.; Pekov, I.V.; Britvin, S.N.; Koshlyakova, N.N.; Vigasina, M.F.; Sidorov, E.G. (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals 9, 770.; Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Löllingite
Formula: FeAs2
Reference: S. ISHIMARU, S. ARAI and H. SHUKUNO (2009) Metals in oxidized and metasomatized peridotite xenoliths derived from the mantle wedge. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009.
ⓘ Ludwigite
Formula: Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Reference: M.O. Bulakh, I. V. Pekov, N. N. Koshlyakova, D.Sc. E. G. Sidorov (2021) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarole Exhalations of Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka) Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society 150:67-87 (in Russian)
ⓘ Luobusaite ?
Formula: Fe0.84Si2
Description: Fe30Si70
Reference: S. ISHIMARU, S. ARAI and H. SHUKUNO (2009) Metals in oxidized and metasomatized peridotite xenoliths derived from the mantle wedge. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009. Rappenglück, M. A. (2022). Natural Iron Silicides: A Systematic Review. Minerals, 12(2), 188.
ⓘ Luzonite
Formula: Cu3AsS4
Reference: Shapovalova, M., Tolstykh, N., & Bobrova, O. (2019, August). Chemical composition and varieties of sulfosalts from gold mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field). In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 319, No. 1, p. 012019). IOP Publishing. Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
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Lyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Lyonsite
Formula: Cu3Fe4(VO4)6
Reference: I. V. Pekov, N. V. Zubkova, D. Yu. Chernyshov, M. E. Zelenski, V. O. Yapaskurt, D. Yu. Pushcharovskii (2013): A new Cu-rich variety of lyonsite from fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and its crystal structure. Doklady Earth Sciences. 448(1),112-116
ⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsite
Formula: Cu3Fe4(VO4)6
Reference: I. V. Pekov, N. V. Zubkova, D. Yu. Chernyshov, M. E. Zelenski, V. O. Yapaskurt, D. Yu. Pushcharovskii (2013): A new Cu-rich variety of lyonsite from fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and its crystal structure. Doklady Earth Sciences. 448(1),112-116
ⓘ Mackinawite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)9S8
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Mavrogenes, J. A., Gurenko, A. A., & Danyushevsky, L. V. (2018). Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478, 102-111.
ⓘ Magganasite (TL)
Formula: CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Koshlyakova, N.N., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Nazarova, M.A., Pushcharovsky, D.Y.: Magganasite, IMA 2021-112, in: CNMNC Newsletter 66, Eur. J. Mineral.: 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-253-2022
ⓘ Maghemite
Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Magnesiochromite
Formula: MgCr2O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Vigasina, M.F., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Turchkova, A.G. (2018): Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia[i]. Minerals: 8: 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110498; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14995
ⓘ Magnesioferrite
Formula: MgFe3+2O4
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite
Formula: [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Magnesiohatertite (TL)
Formula: (Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Lykova, I.S., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F.,Agakhanov,A.A., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Giester, G. (2016) Magnesiohatertite, IMA 2016-078. CNMNC Newsletter No. 34, December 2016, page 1319; Mineralogical Magazine, 80, 1315–1321
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Pavel Kartashov data
ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Majzlanite (TL)
Formula: K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Shilovskikh, V.V. (2020) Majzlanite, K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4, a new anhydrous sulfate mineral with complex cation substitutions from Tolbachik volcano. Mineralogical Magazine: 84(1): 153-158.
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Malanite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Malanite
Formula: Cu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Malanite var. Cobalt-bearing Malanite
Formula: Cu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
Reference: Sidorov, E., Kutyrev, A., Chubarov, V., Zhitova, E. (2020): Platinum mineralization of the Epilchik Ural-Alaskan type zoned complex (Far East Russia). Mineralium Deposita: 55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01008-1; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16459
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Maletoyvayamite, etc.

Ozernovskoe deposit, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Maletoyvayamite (TL)
Formula: Au3Se4Te6
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Tuhý, M., Vymazalová, A., Plášil, J., Laufek, F., Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F. (2019): Maletoyvayamite, IMA 2019-021. CNMNC Newsletter No. 50. Mineralogical Magazine: 31, doi: 10.1180/mgm.2019.46; Tolstykh, N. D., Tuhý, M., Vymazalová, A., Plášil, J., Laufek, F., Kasatkin, A. V., Nestola, F. & Bobrova, O. V. (2020). Maletoyvayamite, Au3Se4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 84(1), 117-123. Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
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Malladrite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Malladrite
Formula: Na2[SiF6]
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Epifanova, V.B., Anan’yev, V.V. (1996) New data on malladrite Na2SiF6, a mineral of volcanic exhalations from the Large Tolbachik Fissure Eruption. Volcanol. Seismol.: 1: 46–55.; Jambor, J.L., Pertsev, N.N., Roberts, A.C. (1997) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 82: 1038-1041.
ⓘ Mallardite
Formula: MnSO4 · 7H2O
Reference: Vergasova, L. P., Filatov, S. K., & Dunin-Barkovskaya, V. V. (2007). Posteruptive activity on the First Cone of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption and recent volcanogenic generation of bauxites. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 1(2), 119-139.
ⓘ 'Manganese'
Formula: Mn
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Manganobadalovite (TL)
Formula: NaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Koshlyakova, N. N., Pekov, I. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Zubkova, N. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Britvin, S. N., Sidorov, E. G., and Pushcharovsky, D. Y.: Manganobadalovite, IMA 2020-035, in: CNMNC Newsletter 57, Eur. J. Mineral., 32, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-495-2020, 2020.
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Marinaite, etc.

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Marinaite (TL)
Formula: Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Type Locality:
Reference: Chaplygin, I.V., Yudovskaya, M.A., Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Pushcharovsky, D.Y., Belakovskiy, D.I., Griboedova, I.G., Kononkova, N.N. and Rassulov, V.A. (2016): Marinaite, IMA 2016-021. CNMNC Newsletter No. 32, August 2016, page 917; Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 915–922
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Markhininite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Markhininite (TL)
Formula: TlBi(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Filatov, S.K., Vergasova, L.P., Siidra, O.I., Krivovichev, S.V. and Kretser, Y.L. (2013) Markhininite , IMA 2012-040. CNMNC Newsletter No. 15, February 2013, page 2; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 1-12.; Siidra, O.I., Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Kretser, Y.L., Zaitsev, A.N. and Filatov, S.K. (2014): Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. I. Markhininite, TlBi(SO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine 78, 1687-1698. ; Siidra, O. I., Vergasova, L. P., Kretser, Y. L., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Filatov, S. K., & Krivovichev, S. V. (2014). Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4 (VO) 3 (SO4) 5 (H2O) 5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78(7), 1711-1724.
ⓘ 'Marl var. Schlier'
Reference: Cabri, L. J., Oberthür, T., & Keays, R. R. (2022). Origin and depositional history of platinum-group minerals in placers–A critical review of facts and fiction. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104733.
ⓘ Matildite
Formula: AgBiS2
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Mawsonite
Formula: Cu6Fe2SnS8
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
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Mcbirneyite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Mcbirneyite
Formula: Cu3(VO4)2
Reference: Tony Nikischer
ⓘ Mckinstryite
Formula: Ag5-xCu3+xS4
Reference: Savva, N. E., & Shakhtyrov, V. G. (2011). The Ol’cha gold-silver deposit: Tectonic setting, structure, and mineralogy. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53(5), 412-433.
ⓘ Medvedevite (TL)
Formula: KMn2+2V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Shablinskii, A.P., Avdontseva, M.S., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Avdontseva, E.Y., Povolotskiy, A.V., Moskaleva, S.V., Kargopoltsev, A.A., Britvin, S.N.: Medvedevite, IMA 2021-082, in: CNMNC Newsletter 65, Eur. J. Mineral.: 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-143-2022
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Melanarsite (TL)
Formula: K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Vigasina, M.F., Belakovskiy, D.I., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Melanarsite, IMA 2014-048. CNMNC Newsletter No. 22, October 2014, page 1244; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1241-1248
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Melanothallite
Formula: Cu2Cl2O
Reference: Chukanov, N. V., Murashko, M. N., Zadov, A. E., & Bushmakin, A. F. (2007). Avdoninite, K 2 Cu 5 Cl 8 (OH) 4· H 2 O, a new mineral species from volcanic exhalations and the technogenic zone at volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Geology of Ore Deposits, 49(7), 505-508.
ⓘ Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
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Mellizinkalite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Mellizinkalite (TL)
Formula: K3Zn2Cl7
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Lykova, I.S., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Mellizinkalite, IMA 2014-010. CNMNC Newsletter No. 20, June 2014, page 556; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 549-558.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Lykova, I.S., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushscharovsky, D.Yu. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 247-253.
ⓘ 'Melnikovite'
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Chubarov, V. M., Yablokova, D. A., Shishkanova, K. O., Chernev, I. I., & Chubarov, M. V. Sulfides of the Modern Kamchatka Hydrothermal Systems. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Meniaylovite (TL)
Formula: Ca4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Reference: Vulcanologiya i seismologiya (2004) (2), 3; I,V, Pekov (2007) New minerals from former Soviet Union countries 1998-2006, - Miner. Almanac, v.11, p. 34-35.
ⓘ Mercallite
Formula: KHSO4
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Mercury
Formula: Hg
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov; Migdisov, A. A., & Bychkov, A. Y. (1998). The behaviour of metals and sulphur during the formation of hydrothermal mercury-antimony-arsenic mineralization, Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 84, 153-171.
ⓘ Merenskyite
Formula: PdTe2
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
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Mertieite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Mertieite
Formula: Pd8Sb2.5As0.5
Reference: Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Metacinnabar
Formula: HgS
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Metathénardite (TL)
Formula: Na2SO4
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
ⓘ Milkovoite (TL)
Formula: Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Pautov, L.A., Borisov, A.S., Kozin, M.S.: Milkovoite, IMA2021-005, in: CNMNC Newsletter 61, Eur. J. Mineral.: 33, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-299-2021
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Mitscherlichite
Formula: K2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Lykova, I.S., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Pushscharovsky, D.Yu. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 247-253.
ⓘ Moissanite
Formula: SiC
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ 'Molybdenum'
Formula: Mo
Reference: Pavel Kartashov data
ⓘ Molybdite
Formula: MoO3
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Molybdomenite
Formula: PbSeO3
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Sulimova, N.V. (1994): Copper and lead minerals in old fumarolic fields of Mt. 1004, Kamchatka. Volcanology and Seismology 16, 259-274.
ⓘ Monticellite
Formula: CaMgSiO4
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
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Mordenite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Mordenite
Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176). Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Muthmannite
Formula: AuAgTe2
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
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Nabokoite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Nabokoite (TL)
Formula: KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Reference: Zapiski Vses. Mineralog. Obshch.(1987) 116, 358-367; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
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Nataliyamalikite, etc.

Avachinsky volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Nataliyamalikite (TL)
Formula: TlI
Reference: Okrugin, V., Favero, M., Liu, A., Etschmann, B., Plutahina, C.Y., Moskaleva, S., Chubarov, M.V., Lukasheva, M.V., Kozlov, V.V., Mills, S.J. and Brugger, J. (2016)Nataliyamalikite, IMA 2016-022. CNMNC Newsletter No. 32, August 2016, page 918; Mineralogical Magazine, 80:915–922
ⓘ Natrite
Formula: Na2CO3
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Natroaphthitalite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Natroaphthitalite (TL)
Formula: KNa3(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Shchipalkina, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. A new mineral, natroaphthitalite, and new data on belomarinaite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 58(2): 167-181.; Shchipalkina, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Koshlyakova, N.N., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Vozchikova, S.A. (2018) Natroaphthitalite, IMA 2018-091. CNMNC Newsletter No. 46, December 2018, page 1373. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 1369–1379.
ⓘ Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Naumannite
Formula: Ag2Se
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Nesquehonite
Formula: MgCO3 · 3H2O
Reference: http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/chlorartinite.pdf
ⓘ Nickel
Formula: Ni
Reference: S. ISHIMARU, S. ARAI and H. SHUKUNO (2009) Metals in oxidized and metasomatized peridotite xenoliths derived from the mantle wedge. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009.
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Nickenichite
Formula: Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Reference: Stephan Wolfsried collection (from material analysed by Igor Pekov); Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
ⓘ Nicksobolevite (TL)
Formula: Cu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
Type Locality:
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Semenova, T.F.,Krivovichev, S.V., Filatov, S.K., Zolotarev,A.A., Jr and Ananiev, V.V. (2013) Nicksobolevite, IMA 2012-097. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2699; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2695-2709.; Vergasova, L.P., Semenova, T.F., Krivovichev, S.V., Filatov, S.K., Zolotarev, A.A. (2014): Nicksobolevite, Cu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6, a new complex copper oxoselenite chloride from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26, 439-449.
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Nishanbaevite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Nishanbaevite (TL)
Formula: KAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov I.V., Zubkova N.V., Yapaskurt V.O., Belakovskiy D.I., Britvin S.N., Agakhanov A.A., Turchkova A.G., Sidorov E.G., Pushcharovsky D.Y. (2019): Nishanbaevite, IMA 2019-012. CNMNC Newsletter No. 50; Mineralogical Magazine: 31, doi: 10.1180/mgm.2019.46; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15578&sid=813c77a70706fa166a7b80754bd6a1e5 (visited 23.07.2019)
ⓘ Novodneprite
Formula: AuPb3
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Novograblenovite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Okrugin, V.M., Kudaeva, S.S., Karimova, O.V., Yakubovich, O.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Zolotarev, A.A., Gurzhiy, V.V., Zinovieva, N.G., Shiryaev, A.A., Kartashov, P.M. (2019) The new mineral novograblenovite, (NH4,K)MgCl3·6H2O from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(2): 223-231.
ⓘ 'Oborite'
Reference: M.O. Bulakh, I. V. Pekov, N. N. Koshlyakova, D.Sc. E. G. Sidorov (2021) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarole Exhalations of Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka) Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society 150:67-87 (in Russian) Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ 'Ochre'
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514 Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Olsacherite
Formula: Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
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Opal

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Oregonite
Formula: Ni2FeAs2
Reference: Mandarino, J. A. (2000). Abstracts of New Mineral Descriptions. The Mineralogical Record, 31(2), 201-201.
ⓘ Orpiment
Formula: As2S3
Reference: Migdisov, A. A., & Bychkov, A. Y. (1998). The behaviour of metals and sulphur during the formation of hydrothermal mercury-antimony-arsenic mineralization, Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 84, 153-171.
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Orthoclase, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing Orthoclase
Formula: KAl(Si,As)3O8
Reference: Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 52: 699-716
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Mavrogenes, J. A., Gurenko, A. A., & Danyushevsky, L. V. (2018). Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478, 102-111.
ⓘ Osarsite
Formula: (Os,Ru)AsS
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E.G., and Kozlov, A.P. (2004) Platinum-group minerals in lode and placier deposits associated with the Ural-Alaskan-type Gal'moenan complex, Koryak-Kamchatka Platinum Belt, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 42(2), 619-630; Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Kozlov, A.P., and Chubarov, V.M. [Толстых, Н.Д., Сидоров, Е.Г., Видик, С.В., Козлов, и Чубаров, В.М.] (2009) The lode mineralization of the Gal'moenan massif, Koryakiya (Ural-Alaskan type) [Коренная минерализация массива Гальмоэнан, Корякия (Урало-Аляскинский тип)]. In: Koroteev, V.A. (chief ed.) [Коротеев, В.А. (отв. ред.)], Ultramafic-mafic complexes in folded regions and related deposits. Proceedings of the 3d International Conference [Ультрабазит-базитовые комплексы складчатых областей и связанные с ними месторождения. Материалы третьей международной конференции]. Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences [Институт геологии и геохимии УрО РАН], Yekaterinburg, Vol. 2, pages 189-193 (in Russian).
ⓘ Osmium
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Osmium var. Iridosmine
Formula: (Os,Ir)
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Ozerovaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ozerovaite (TL)
Formula: Na2KAl3(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Shablinskii, A.P., Vergasova, L.P.,Filatov, S.K., Avdontseva. E.Y. and Moskaleva, S.V. (2016) Ozerovaite, IMA 2016-019. CNMNC Newsletter No. 32, August 2016, page 917; Mineralogical Magazine, 80: 915–922
ⓘ Palladium
Formula: (Pd,Pt)
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Palmierite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Palmierite
Formula: K2Pb(SO4)2
Reference: Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Polekhovsky, Yu.S. & Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2012): Cupromolybdite, Cu3O(MoO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24, 749-757.
ⓘ Pansnerite (TL)
Formula: K3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Yapaskurt, V.O., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2017) Pansnerite, IMA 2016-103. CNMNC Newsletter No. 36, April 2017, page 406; Mineralogical Magazine: 81: 403–409.
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Paraberzeliite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Paraberzeliite (TL)
Formula: NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Dmitry Yu. Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2022): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XVII. Paraberzeliite, NaCaCaMg2(AsO4)3, an alluaudite-group member dimorphous with berzeliite. Mineralogical Magazine, 86(1), 103-111.; Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Paraberzeliite, IMA 2018-001. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 780. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 779-785.
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Parageorgbokiite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Parageorgbokiite (TL)
Formula: Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Type Locality:
Reference: L. P. Vergasova, S. V. Krivovichev, S. K. Filatov, S. N. Britvin, P. C. Burns & V. V. Ananyev (2006): Parageorgbokiite, beta-Cu5O2(SeO3)2Cl2 – a new mineral from volcanic exhalation (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia). Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 135(4), 24–28.
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Paralammerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Paralammerite (TL)
Formula: Cu3(AsO4)2
Reference: IMA Approvals - April 2009
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Pararealgar

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pararealgar
Formula: As4S4
Reference: OT. Ljostad collection
ⓘ Paratacamite
Formula: Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Reference: N. V. Chukanov, M. N. Murashko, A. E. Zadov & A. F. Bushmakin (2006): Avdoninite, K2Cu5Cl8(OH)4• H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations and from the zone of technogenesis at massive sulphide ore deposits. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 135(3), 38–42; Chukanov, N. V., Murashko, M. N., Zadov, A. E., & Bushmakin, A. F. (2007). Avdoninite, K 2 Cu 5 Cl 8 (OH) 4· H 2 O, a new mineral species from volcanic exhalations and the technogenic zone at volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Geology of Ore Deposits, 49(7), 505-508.
ⓘ Paratellurite
Formula: TeO2
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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Parawulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Parawulffite (TL)
Formula: K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Parawulffite, IMA 2013-036. CNMNC Newsletter No. 17, October 2013, page 2998; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2997-3005; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 699-716
ⓘ Pargasite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Reference: Cabri, L. J., Oberthür, T., & Keays, R. R. (2022). Origin and depositional history of platinum-group minerals in placers–A critical review of facts and fiction. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104733.
ⓘ Parsettensite
Formula: (K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
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Pauflerite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pauflerite (TL)
Formula: (V4+O)SO4
Reference: Krivovichev, S.V., Vergasova, L.P., Britvin, S.N., Filatov, S.K., Kahlenberg, V., Ananiev, V.V. (2007) Pauflerite, ß-VO(SO4), a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 45: 921-927.
ⓘ Paulgrothite (TL)
Formula: Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.N., Pautov, L.A., Borisov, A.S., Zaitsev, A.N., Avdontseva, E.Y., Bocharov, V.N. (2021): Paulgrothite, IMA 2021-004. CNMNC Newsletter 64; Mineralogical Magazine: 85, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.93
ⓘ Pearceite
Formula: [Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ 'Pearceite-Polybasite Group'
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ 'Pearceite-T2ac'
Reference: K. A. Novoselov, V. A. Kotlyarov und E. V. Belogub (2010): Silver sulfoselenide from ore of the Valunisty Au-Ag deposit, Chukchi Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 52, 811-814.
ⓘ Pectolite
Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Mavrogenes, J. A., Gurenko, A. A., & Danyushevsky, L. V. (2018). Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478, 102-111.
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
ⓘ Petrovite (TL)
Formula: Na12Cu2(SO4)8
Type Locality:
Reference: Shablinskii, A.P., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Moskaleva, S.V. (2019): Petrovite, IMA 2018-149a. CNMNC Newsletter No. 52; Mineralogical Magazine: 83; https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.73; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15946
ⓘ Petrovskaite
Formula: AuAgS
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
Reference: Bonev, I. K., Petrunov, R., Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2005). Kostovite and its argentian varieties: Deposits and mineral associations. Geochem. Mineral. Petrol.(Bulg. Acad. Sci.), 42, 1-22.; Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
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Pharmazincite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pharmazincite (TL)
Formula: KZnAsO4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V. and Sidorov, E.G. (2014) Pharmazincite, IMA 2014-015. CNMNC Newsletter No. 21, August 2014, page 798; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 797-804.
ⓘ Philoxenite (TL)
Formula: (K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Philoxenite, (K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3( Al0.5)(SO4)8, a new mineral from fumarole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society: 149(4): 67-77.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Philoxenite, IMA No. 2015-108. CNMNC Newsletter No. 30, April 2016, page 410. Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 407–413.
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Pilipenkoite (TL)
Formula: KCu(AsO4) · H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Britvin, S. N., Krzhizhanovskaya, M. G., Agakhanov, A. A., Koshlyakova, N. N., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Yapaskurt, V. O., Turchkova, A. G., Nazarova, M. A. (2022): Pilipenkoite, IMA 2022-017, in: CNMNC Newsletter 68, Eur. J. Mineral.: 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-385-2022, 2022.
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Piypite (TL)
Formula: K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Reference: Vergasova L.P., Filatov S.K., Serafimova E.K., Stalova G.L. (1984) Doklady URSS Academy of Sciences, Earth Science Sections, 275, 714-717; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
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Plagioclase

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Viccaro, M., Giuffrida, M., Nicotra, E., & Ozerov, A. Y. (2012). Magma storage, ascent and recharge history prior to the 1991 eruption at Avachinsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: Inferences on the plumbing system geometry. Lithos, 140, 11-24.; Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Platarsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Platarsite
Formula: PtAsS
Reference: Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Platinum, etc.

Ledyanoy Creek placer, Gal'moenan ultrabasic massif, Korf, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Platinum
Formula: Pt
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: No reference listed
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Pliniusite

Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pliniusite (TL)
Formula: Ca5(VO4)3F
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Krzątała, A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Galuskina, I.O., Galuskin, E.V., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Vapnik, Y. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2022) Pliniusite, Ca5 (VO4) 3F, a new apatite-group mineral and the novel natural ternary solid-solution system pliniusite–svabite–fluorapatite. American Mineralogist, 107(8), 1626-1634.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Krzątała, A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Galuskina, I.O., Galuskin, E.V., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Vapnik, Y. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Pliniusite, IMA 2018-031. CNMNC Newsletter No. 44, August 2018, page xxx; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: xxx–xxx; Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
ⓘ Polkanovite
Formula: Rh12As7
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
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Polyarsite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Polyarsite (TL)
Formula: Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2019): Polyarsite, IMA 2019-058. CNMNC Newsletter No. 52; Mineralogical Magazine: 83; https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.73; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15946
ⓘ Polybasite
Formula: [Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Takahashi, R., Matsueda, H., & Okrugin, V. M. (2002). Hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Rodnikovoe deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 52(4), 359-369. Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ 'Polybasite-Tac'
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Ponomarevite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ponomarevite (TL)
Formula: K4Cu4Cl10O
Reference: DAN-SSSR,(1988) 300, 1197-1200; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Vergasova L P, Filatov S K, Serafimova E K, Semenova T F (1988) Ponomarevite K4Cu4OCl10 - a new mineral from volcanic sublimates, Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 300, 1197-1200
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Popovite (TL)
Formula: Cu5O2(AsO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Sidorov, E. G., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. III. Popovite, Cu5O2 (AsO4) 2. Mineralogical Magazine, 79(1), 133-143.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Popovite, IMA 2013-060. CNMNC Newsletter No. 17, October 2013, page 3003. Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2997-3005.
ⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite
Formula: {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
ⓘ Powellite
Formula: Ca(MoO4)
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Prewittite (TL)
Formula: KPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Type Locality:
Habit: Separate tabular crystals up to 0.2 mm in maximum dimension.
Colour: Olive green
Reference: Shuvalov, R.R., Vergasova, L.P., Semenova, T.F., Filatov, S.K., Krivovichev, S.V., Siidra, O.I., Rudashevsky, N.S. (2013): Prewittite, KPb1.5Cu6Zn(SeO3)2O2Cl10, a new mineral from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia: description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 98, 463–469.
ⓘ Proustite
Formula: Ag3AsS3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Pseudobrookite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pseudobrookite
Formula: Fe2TiO5
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zelenski, M. E., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2012). Calciolangbeinite, K2Ca2 (SO4) 3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 76(3), 673-682.
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Pseudolyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Pseudolyonsite (TL)
Formula: Cu3(VO4)2
Reference: Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Boldyreva, M.M., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu., Nekrasov, A.N. (2011): Pseudolyonsite, Cu3(VO4)2, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 23, (in press).
ⓘ Puninite (TL)
Formula: Na2Cu3O(SO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Lukina, E.A., Zaitsev, A.N., Avdontseva, E.Y., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Vlasenko, N.S., Turner, R. and Karpov, G.A. (2015) Puninite, IMA 2015-012. CNMNC Newsletter No. 26, August 2015, page 942; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 941-947; Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Lukina, E.A., Avdontseva, E.Y., Vergasova, L.P., Vlasenko, N.S., Filatov, S.K., Turner, R., Karpov, G.A. (2017) Copper oxosulphates from fumaroles of Tolbachik Vulcano: puninite, Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 - a new mineral species and structure refinements of kamchatkite and alumoklyuchevskite. European Journal of Mineralogy: 29: 499-510.
ⓘ Pyrargyrite
Formula: Ag3SbS3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
Reference: Savva, N. E., & Shakhtyrov, V. G. (2011). The Ol’cha gold-silver deposit: Tectonic setting, structure, and mineralogy. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53(5), 412-433.
ⓘ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Sulimova, N.V. (1994): Copper and lead minerals in old fumarolic fields of Mt. 1004, Kamchatka. Volcanology and Seismology 16, 259-274.
ⓘ Pyrope
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018). Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
ⓘ Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Reference: Kirsanov, I.T., Melekestsev, I.V. (1991) Gorely Volcano. In Fedotov, S.A. (ed.) Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka vol.2, Nauka Publishers, Moscow, 415 pages, at 294-315 (in English & Russian).
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Qusongite
Formula: WC
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Realgar
Formula: As4S4
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
ⓘ Reznitskyite (TL)
Formula: CaMg(VO4)F
Type Locality:
Reference: Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Siderov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2022) Reznitskyite, CaMg(VO4)F, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia and the first vanadate with a titanite-type structure. Mineralogical Magazine: 86(2): 307-313.; Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Vigasina, M.F., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2021) Reznitskyite, IMA 2021-067. CNMNC Newsletter 64. Mineralogical Magazine: 85, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.93 Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo) (TL)
Formula: Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Agakhanov, A.A., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2020) Rhabdoborite-(V), rhabdoborite-(Mo) and rhabdoborite-(W): a new group of borate minerals with the general formula Mg12M113/O6[(BO3)6–x(PO4)xF2–x] (M = V5+, Mo6+ or W6+ and x < 1). Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 47: 44.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2020): Rhabdoborite-(Mo), IMA 2019-114; in: CNMNC Newsletter 54. European Journal of Mineralogy: 32, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-275-2020
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Rhabdoborite-(V)

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V) (TL)
Formula: Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Rhabdoborite-(V), IMA 2017-108. CNMNC Newsletter No. 42, April 2018, page 448; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 445-451.
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Rhabdoborite-(W)

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W) (TL)
Formula: Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Agakhanov, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Rhabdoborite-(W), IMA 2017-109. CNMNC Newsletter No. 42, April 2018, page 449; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 445-451.
ⓘ Rheniite
Formula: ReS2
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Rhodarsenide
Formula: (Rh,Pd)2As
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Reference: Savva, N. E., & Shakhtyrov, V. G. (2011). The Ol’cha gold-silver deposit: Tectonic setting, structure, and mineralogy. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53(5), 412-433.
ⓘ Rhönite
Formula: Ca4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Reference: Anan’ev, V. V., & Selyangin, O. B. (2011). Rhonite in molten inclusions from the olivine of allivalite nodules from Malyi Semyachik Volcano and basalts of Klyuchevskoi Volcano, Kamchatka. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 5(5), 335-340.
ⓘ Rickardite
Formula: Cu7Te5
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.
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Romanorlovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Romanorlovite (TL)
Formula: K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Lykova, I.S., Zubkova, N.V., Krivovichev, S.V., Sidorov, E.G. (2017) Romanorlovite, a New Copper and Potassium Hydroxychloride from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits: 59(7): 601–608.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Romanorlovite, IMA 2014-011. CNMNC Newsletter No. 20, June 2014, page 557; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 549-558.
ⓘ Rooseveltite
Formula: Bi(AsO4)
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Vymazalová, A., Petrova, E. A., & Stenin, N. (2017). The Gaching Au mineralization in the Maletoivayam ore field, Kamchatka, Russia. In Materials 14th SGA Biennial Meeting Quebec Citi, Canada (Vol. 1, pp. 195-198).; Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
ⓘ Rozenite
Formula: FeSO4 · 4H2O
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data
ⓘ Rucklidgeite
Formula: PbBi2Te4
Reference: Bonev, I. K., Petrunov, R., Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2005). Kostovite and its argentian varieties: Deposits and mineral associations. Geochem. Mineral. Petrol.(Bulg. Acad. Sci.), 42, 1-22.
ⓘ Rutheniridosmine
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Ruthenium
Formula: (Ru,Ir)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
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Rutile

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile
Formula: (Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
Reference: Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 52: 699-716
ⓘ Rutile var. Vanadium-bearing Rutile
Formula: (Ti,V)O2
Reference: Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
ⓘ Ryabchikovite (TL)
Formula: CuMgSi2O6
Type Locality:
Reference: Shchipalkina, N.V., Vereshchagin, O.S., Pekov, I.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Koshlyakova, N.N., Shilovskikh, V.V., Pankin, D.V., Britvin, S.N., Sandalov, F.D., Sidorov, E.G.: Ryabchikovite, IMA 2021-011, in: CNMNC Newsletter61, Eur. J. Mineral.: 33, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-299-2021
ⓘ Salammoniac
Formula: NH4Cl
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Saltonseaite
Formula: K3NaMnCl6
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2015): New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. II. Flinteite, K2ZnCl4. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 581-588.; Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2015). New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3· 2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27(6), 805-812
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Sanguite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Sanguite (TL)
Formula: KCuCl3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Yapaskurt, V.O., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2015): Sanguite, KCuCl3, A New Mineral From the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 633-641
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2020) A new mineral borisenkoite, Cu3[(V,As)O4]2, and the isomorphous series borisenkoite–lammerite-β in fumarolic exhalations of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 47: 17.
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Saranchinaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Saranchinaite (TL)
Formula: Na2Cu(SO4)2
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Lukina, E.A., Agakhanov, A.A., Avdontseva, E.Y., Kayukov, R.A., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K. and Karpov, G.A. (2015) Saranchinaite, IMA 2015-019. CNMNC Newsletter No. 26, August 2015, page 942; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 941-947; Siidra, O.I., Lukina, E.A., Nazarchuk, E.V., Depmeier, W., Bubnova, R.S., Agakhanov, A.A., Adontseva, E.Yu., Filatov, S.K., Kovrugin, V.M. (2018) Saranchinaite, Na2Cu(SO4)2, A New Exhalative Mineral from Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, and a product of the Reversible Dehydration of Kröhnkite, Na2Cu(SO4)2(H2O)2. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 257-274.
ⓘ Sassolite
Formula: H3BO3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
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Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Schäferite
Formula: (NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Reference: Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Scolecite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.
ⓘ Scorodite
Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Selenium
Formula: Se
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Sellaite
Formula: MgF2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Senarmontite
Formula: Sb2O3
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.; Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
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Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Shcherbinaite (TL)
Formula: V5+2O5
Reference: Borisenko, L.F. (1972) The new mineral shcherbinaite. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 101(4): 464-464.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
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Shchurovskyite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Shchurovskyite (TL)
Formula: K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Shchurovskyite, IMA 2013-078. CNMNC Newsletter No. 18, December 2013, page 3253; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 3249-3258.
ⓘ Shuvalovite (TL)
Formula: K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Britvin, S.N., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2014) Shuvalovite, IMA 2014-057. CNMNC Newsletter No. 22, October 2014, page 1246; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1241-1248.
ⓘ Sidorovite (TL)
Formula: Fe3Pt
Type Locality:
Reference: Kutyrev, A. V., McDonald, A. M., Tamura, N., Cabri, L. J., Tolstykh, N., and Pekov, I. V.: Sidorovite, IMA 2022-056, in: CNMNC Newsletter 70, Eur. J. Mineral., 34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-591-2022, 2022.
ⓘ Silicon
Formula: Si
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Silver
Formula: Ag
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176). Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Silver var. Küstelite
Formula: Ag
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Skinnerite
Formula: Cu3SbS3
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Skippenite
Formula: Bi2TeSe2
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]; Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.; Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
ⓘ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Reference: Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
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Sofiite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Sofiite (TL)
Formula: Zn2(SeO3)Cl2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: L. P. Vergasova et al.: Zap. Vses. Min. Obshch. 118(1):65-69 (1989)
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Spryite
Formula: Ag8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Stannoidite
Formula: Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
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Starovaite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Starovaite (TL)
Formula: KCu5O(VO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E.,Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S. and Murashko, M.N. (2012): Starovaite, IMA 2011- 085. CNMNC Newsletter No. 12, February 2012, page 153; Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 151-155.
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Steklite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Steklite (TL)
Formula: KAl(SO4)2
Reference: Murashko, M.N., Pekov, I.V., Krivovichev, S.V., Chernyatieva, A.P.,Yapaskurt, V.O. and Zadov, A.E. (2011):Steklite, IMA 2011-041. CNMNC Newsletter No. 10, October 2011, page 2558; Murashko, M.; Pekov, I.; Krivovichev, S.; Chernyatyeva, A.; Yapaskurt, V.; Zadov, A.; Zelensky, M. (2013): Steklite, KAl(SO4)2: A finding at the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, validating its status as a mineral species and crystal structure. Geology of Ore Deposits, 55, 594-600.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 699-716
ⓘ Stephanite
Formula: Ag5SbS4
Reference: Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Sternbergite
Formula: AgFe2S3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Stibiogoldfieldite
Formula: (Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)S12S
Reference: Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
ⓘ Stibiopalladinite
Formula: Pd5Sb2
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Reference: http://maurice.strahlen.org/; Migdisov, A. A., & Bychkov, A. Y. (1998). The behaviour of metals and sulphur during the formation of hydrothermal mercury-antimony-arsenic mineralization, Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 84, 153-171.
ⓘ Stilbite-Ca
Formula: NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Reference: http://maurice.strahlen.org/
ⓘ Stromeyerite
Formula: AgCuS
Reference: Nokleberg, Warren J. et al (2005) Metallogenesis and tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. USGS Professional Paper 1697
ⓘ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Stumpflite
Formula: PtSb
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ 'Sulfurite'
Formula: S
Reference: Okrugin, V., Favero, M., Liu, A., Etschmann, B., Plutachina, E., Mills, S., Tomkins, A.G., Lukasheva, M., Kozlov, V., Moskaleva, S., Chubarov, M., Brugger, J. (2017): Smoking gun for thallium geochemistry in volcanic arcs: nataljamalikite, TlI, a new thallium mineral from an active fumarole at Avacha Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. American Mineralogist: 102
ⓘ 'Sulfurite var. Arsensulfurite'
Formula: (S,As)8
Reference: Okrugin, V., Favero, M., Liu, A., Etschmann, B., Plutachina, E., Mills, S., Tomkins, A.G., Lukasheva, M., Kozlov, V., Moskaleva, S., Chubarov, M., Brugger, J. (2017): Smoking gun for thallium geochemistry in volcanic arcs: nataljamalikite, TlI, a new thallium mineral from an active fumarole at Avacha Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. American Mineralogist: 102
ⓘ Sulphur
Formula: S8
Reference: No reference listed
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Svabite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Svabite
Formula: Ca5(AsO4)3F
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino-and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 101-119.
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Svetlanaite, etc.

Ozernovskoe deposit, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Svetlanaite (TL)
Formula: SnSe
Type Locality:
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Vymazalová, A., Kozlov, V. V., Laufek, F., Stanley, C. J., Shkilsky, I.: Svetlanaite, IMA2020-013, in: CNMNC Newsletter 56, Eur. J. Mineral.: 32; https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-443-2020, 2020
ⓘ Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
Reference: Okrugin, V. M., Andreeva, E. D., Kim, A. U., Moskaleva, S. V., Okrugina, A. M., Filosofova, T. M., ... & Kudaeva, S. S. (2015). Zeolites of the Modern and Paleo-Hydrothermal Systems on Kamchatka. Zeolites, 19, 25.; Andreeva, E. D., Matsueda, H., Okrugin, V. M., Takahashi, R., & Ono, S. (2013). Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia. Resource Geology, 63(4), 337-349.; Okrugina, V. and Elena Andreeva (2014) Volcanic-related epithermal deposits in Kamchatka volcanic arc (North-East of Pacific region). in Abstract Volume IAGR Conference Series No. 20, pp.107–109
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Sylvite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data, Elena Yu. Bykova material; Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N., Burns, P.C., and Ananiev, V.V. (2004) Filatovite, K[(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8], a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 16(3): 533-536.
ⓘ Syngenite
Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2011)
ⓘ Taenite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
ⓘ Tantite
Formula: Ta2O5
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Tellurantimony
Formula: Sb2Te3
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
ⓘ Tellurite
Formula: TeO2
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Tellurium
Formula: Te
ⓘ Tellurobismuthite
Formula: Bi2Te3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
ⓘ Temagamite
Formula: Pd3HgTe3
Reference: Sidorov, E. G., Ignatyev, E. K., & Chubarov, V. M. (2017, August). First find of platinum group metals in the ore of Kirganik copper–porphyry deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 883-886). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Tennantite-(Cu)
Formula: Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S
Reference: Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.; Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.
ⓘ 'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
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Tenorite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Tenorite
Formula: CuO
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
ⓘ Tetra-auricupride
Formula: AuCu
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Tetradymite
Formula: Bi2Te2S
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
ⓘ Tetraferroplatinum
Formula: PtFe
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]; Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176). Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Zn)
Formula: Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Thénardite
Formula: Na2SO4
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Shilovskikh, V.V. (2020) Majzlanite, K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4, a new anhydrous sulfate mineral with complex cation substitutions from Tolbachik volcano. Mineralogical Magazine: 84(1): 153-158.
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Thermaerogenite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Thermaerogenite (TL)
Formula: CuAl2O4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N. and Sidorov, E.G. (2018) Thermaerogenite, IMA 2018-021. CNMNC Newsletter No. 44, August 2018, page xxx; Mineralogical Magazine. 82: xxx–xxx.; Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Vigasina, M.F., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Turchkova, A.G. (2018): Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8: 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110498.
ⓘ Thermonatrite
Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O
ⓘ Tiemannite
Formula: HgSe
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
ⓘ Tilasite
Formula: CaMg(AsO4)F
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 905-917; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901. Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Tin
Formula: Sn
Reference: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., & Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014, January). Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 454, No. 1, pp. 47-49). Pleiades Publishing.
ⓘ Tistarite
Formula: Ti3+2O3
Reference: Rappenglück, M. A. (2022). Natural Iron Silicides: A Systematic Review. Minerals, 12(2), 188.
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
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Titanium

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Titanium
Formula: Ti
Reference: Glavatskih S.F., Gorshkov A.I., e.a. (1992) Natural analogue of α-Titanium in exhalations products of Big Fissure Tolbachik Eruption (Kamchatka), - Doklady RAN, 327, №1, pp. 126-130 (in Russian).
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Tolbachite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Tolbachite (TL)
Formula: CuCl2
Reference: DAN-SSSR,(1983) 270, 415-417; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Tolstykhite (TL)
Formula: Au3S4Te6
Type Locality:
Reference: Kasatkin, A. V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A., and Škoda, R. (2022) Tolstykhite, IMA 2022-007, in: CNMNC Newsletter 67. European Journal of Mineralogy: 34. https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-359-2022 Kasatkin, A.V., Nestola, F., Plášil, J., Sejkora, J., Vymazalová, A. and Škoda, R., Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.1-16.
ⓘ Tomamaeite
Formula: Cu3Pt
Reference: Vlasov, E.A., Ulyanov, A.A., and Mochalov, A.G. [Власов, Е.А., Ульянов, А.А., и Мочалов, А.Г.] (2002) Platinum-group element oxides from the placer of Ledyanoy stream, Koryakia, Russia [Окислы элементов платиновой группы из россыпи ручья Ледяной (Корякия, Россия)]. Mineralogy. Minerals and mineral parageneses [Минералогия. Минералы и парагенезисы минералов], Nauka [Наука], Saint Petersburg, pages 13-14 (in Russian).
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Reference: Glavatskikh, S.F., Generalov, M.E., Trubkin, N.V., (1997) New data on natural tungsten carbide. Doklady Akademii Nauk. Earth Science Sections 352, 81–83.
ⓘ Trevorite
Formula: Ni2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
ⓘ Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ Tripuhyite
Formula: Fe3+Sb5+O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2020) A new mineral borisenkoite, Cu3[(V,As)O4]2, and the isomorphous series borisenkoite–lammerite-β in fumarolic exhalations of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 47: 17.
ⓘ Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Reference: Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Tulameenite
Formula: Pt2CuFe
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
ⓘ Tungsten
Formula: W
Reference: Doklady Akad. Nauk (2000), V 373, N 6, August-September. p. 997
ⓘ Tungstenite
Formula: WS2
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov data; Seltmann, R., Soloviev, S., Shatov, V., Pirajno, F., Naumov, E., & Cherkasov, S. (2010). Metallogeny of Siberia: tectonic, geologic and metallogenic settings of selected significant deposits*. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 57(6), 655-706
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Udinaite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Udinaite (TL)
Formula: NaMg4(VO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Agakhanov, A.A., Turchkova, A.G., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Udinaite, IMA 2018-066. CNMNC Newsletter No. 45, October 2018: page xxx; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: xxx-xxx; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14984 Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Ulvöspinel
Formula: TiFe2O4
Reference: Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
ⓘ 'UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNa'
Formula: NaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Reference: Palache et al (1951), Dana's System of Mineralogy, seventh ed., vol. II: 127.
ⓘ 'UM1980-17-TeO:CuPb'
Formula: PbCu(TeO3)O
Reference: Spiridonov, E.M. (1980): Balyakinite, CuTeO3, a new mineral from the zone of oxidation. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR.: 253: 1448-1450 (in Russian); in: Fleischer, M., Pabst, A. (1981): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 66: 436
ⓘ 'UM1984-21-PO:AsCu'
Formula: Cu3(PO4,AsO4)2
Reference: Filatov, S.K., Gaidamako, L.M., Glavatskikh, S.F., Starova, G.L., Sorokin, N.D. (1984): Exhalation lammerite Cu3[(As,P)O4]2,(Kamchatka). Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR: 279: 197-200 (in Russian); in: Hawthorne, F.C., Dunn, P.J., Grice, J.D., Puziewicz, J., Shigley, J.E. (1989): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 71: 847
ⓘ 'UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTe'
Formula: Cu+10Cu2+2(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Reference: Spiridonov, E.M., Okrugin, V.M. (1985): Selenious goldfieldite - a new variety of fahl ores. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR: 280: 476-478 (in Russian); in: Hawthorne, F.C., Dunn, P.J., Grice, J.D., Puziewicz, J., Shigley, J.E. (1986): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 71: 847
ⓘ 'UM1990-09-C:Si'
Formula: β-SiC
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ 'UM1995-05-E:FeMn'
Formula: Fe6Mn
Reference: Generalov, M.E., Tananaeva, G.F., Glovatskikh, S.F. (1995): The manganese analog of taenite from natural mineral associations. Doklady Akad. Nauk.: 341(4): 511-515 (in Russian); in: Jambor, J.L., Kovalenker, V.A., Roberts, A.C (1996): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 81: 1015
ⓘ 'UM2000-04-E:AuCuPd'
Formula: Au0.69Pd0.23Cu0.08
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Siderov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Can. Mineral.: 38: 1251–1264; in: Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C. (2000): New mineral names. Am. Min.: 96: 941.
ⓘ 'UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPt'
Formula: PtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt'
Formula: (Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Siderov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Can. Mineral.: 38: 1251–1264; in: Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C. (2000): New mineral names. Am. Min.: 96: 941.
ⓘ 'UM2000-49-S:FePdPt'
Formula: (Pt,Pd)3S2
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'UM2000-50-S:FeRh'
Formula: (Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Siderov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Can. Mineral.: 38: 1251–1264; in: Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C. (2000): New mineral names. Am. Min.: 96: 941.
ⓘ 'UM2000-51-S:PdPt'
Formula: (Pt,Pd)3S2
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Siderov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Can. Mineral.: 38: 1251–1264; in: Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C. (2000): New mineral names. Am. Min.: 96: 941.
ⓘ 'UM2000-78-Te:Pd'
Formula: Pd2Te
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'UM2002-27-S:Rh' ?
Formula: RhS
Reference: Sidorov, E., Kutyrev, A., Chubarov, V., Zhitova, E. (2020): Platinum mineralization of the Epilchik Ural-Alaskan type zoned complex (Far East Russia). Mineralium Deposita: 55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01008-1; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16459
ⓘ 'UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb'
Formula: (Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2004-02-As:FePtSb'
Formula: (Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSb'
Formula: Fe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh'
Formula: (Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPt'
Formula: Pb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh'
Formula: (Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Reference: Sidorov, E.G., Tolstykh, N.D., Podlipsky, M.Y., Pakhomov, I.O. (2004): Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geol. Geofiz. (Rus. Geol. Geophys.): 45(9): 1128-1144
ⓘ 'UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS'
Formula: (Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-03-As:PdTe'
Formula: Pd3(As,Te)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu'
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt'
Formula: (Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu'
Formula: (Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu'
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu'
Formula: (Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs'
Formula: (Os,Ir,Cu)3S
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe'
Formula: (Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., Kozlov, A. (2009): Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 river placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Can. Mineral.: 47(5): 1057-1074
ⓘ 'UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe'
Formula: (Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
Reference: Novoselov, K.A., Kotlyarov, V.A., Belogub, E.V. (2010): Silver sulfoselenide from ore of the Valunisty Au-Ag deposit, Chukchi Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits, 52(8): 811–814
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide)'
Formula: Au2Te4Se3
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Vymazalová, A., Tuhý, M., Shapovalova, M. (2018): Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 649-674.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)'
Formula: Au(Te,Se,S)
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Vymazalová, A., Tuhý, M., Shapovalova, M. (2018): Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 649-674.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Au-Telluride Sulphide)'
Formula: Au2Te4S3
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Vymazalová, A., Tuhý, M., Shapovalova, M. (2018): Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 649-674.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide II)'
Formula: Bi2SeTe
Reference: Kovalenker, V.A., Plotinskaya, O.Yu. (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology: 43: 118-123
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide III)'
Formula: Bi8Te3Se3
Reference: Kovalenker, V.A., Plotinskaya, O.Yu. (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology: 43: 118-123
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide IV)'
Formula: Bi3TeSe3
Reference: Kovalenker, V.A., Plotinskaya, O.Yu. (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology: 43: 118-123
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Boron Carbide)' (FRL)
Formula: B4C
Type Locality:
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Cu-Ag Sulphide V)'
Formula: Ag5Cu2S5
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Fe-Pt alloy)'
Formula: Fe3Pt
Reference: Sidorov, E., Kutyrev, A., Chubarov, V., Zhitova, E. (2020): Platinum mineralization of the Epilchik Ural-Alaskan type zoned complex (Far East Russia). Mineralium Deposita: 55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01008-1; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16459
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Fe-Si-Ti Alloy)'
Formula: Fe54Si40Ti6
Description: Fe54Si40Ti6
Reference: S. ISHIMARU, S. ARAI and H. SHUKUNO (2009) Metals in oxidized and metasomatized peridotite xenoliths derived from the mantle wedge. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009.
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Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)'
Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data, Elena Yu. Bykova material
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)'
Formula: PbCu(TeO3)2
Reference: Spiridonov, E.M. (1980): Balyakinite, CuTeO3, a new mineral from the zone of oxidation. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR.: 253: 1448-1450 (in Russian); in: Fleischer, M., Pabst, A. (1981): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 66: 436
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Platinum Telluride)'
Formula: Pt2Te
Reference: Sidorov, E., Kutyrev, A., Chubarov, V., Zhitova, E. (2020): Platinum mineralization of the Epilchik Ural-Alaskan type zoned complex (Far East Russia). Mineralium Deposita: 55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01008-1; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16459
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Pt-Cu Alloy)'
Formula: Pt3Cu
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., and Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)'
Formula: (Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Pt Sulphide)'
Formula: PtS
Description: may be one of the other unnamed minerals as it doesn't appear in reference. same as Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)?
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E.G., Laajoki, K.V.O., Krivenko, A.P., and Podlipskiy, M. (2000): The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Rhodium Sulfide)'
Formula: Rh3S4
Reference: Sidorov, E., Kutyrev, A., Chubarov, V., Zhitova, E. (2020): Platinum mineralization of the Epilchik Ural-Alaskan type zoned complex (Far East Russia). Mineralium Deposita: 55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01008-1; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=16459
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)'
Formula: (Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
Reference: Vlasov, E.A., Ulyanov, A.A., and Mochalov, A.G. [Власов, Е.А., Ульянов, А.А., и Мочалов, А.Г.] (2002) Platinum-group element oxides from the placer of Ledyanoy stream, Koryakia, Russia [Окислы элементов платиновой группы из россыпи ручья Ледяной (Корякия, Россия)]. Mineralogy. Minerals and mineral parageneses [Минералогия. Минералы и парагенезисы минералов], Nauka [Наука], Saint Petersburg, pages 13-14 (in Russian).
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Se-analogue of Pavonite)'
Formula: AgBi3Se5
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Se Telluride)'
Formula: Se3Te2
Reference: Tolstykh, N., Vymazalová, A., Tuhý, M., Shapovalova, M. (2018): Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 649-674.
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Urusovite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Urusovite (TL)
Formula: CuAl(AsO4)O
Reference: Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Gorskaya, M.G., Molchanov, A.A., Krivovichev, S.V., Ananiev, V.V. (2000) Urusovite, Cu[AlAsO5], a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 12(5): 1041-1044.
ⓘ Uytenbogaardtite
Formula: Ag3AuS2
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
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Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Uzonite (TL)
Formula: As4S5
Type Locality:
Reference: Popova, V.I., Pol'akov, V.O. (1985) Uzonite As4S5 — a new arsenic sulfide from Kamchatka. Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 114: 369-373.; Hawthorne, F.C., Fleischer, M., Grew, E.S., Grice, J.D., Jambor, J.L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, A.C., Vanko, D.A., Zilczer, J.A. (1986) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 71: 1277-1282.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow.
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Vanthoffite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Vanthoffite
Formula: Na6Mg(SO4)4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Shchipalkina, N.V., Zubkova, N.V., Gurzhiy, V.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Koshlyakova, N.N., Sidorov, E.G., Giester, G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist: 57(6): 885-901.
ⓘ Vasilite
Formula: (Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
Reference: Tolstykh, N.D., Sidorov, E., Laajoki, K., Krivenko, A., Podlipskiy, M. (2000) The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 1251-1264.
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Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Vasilseverginite (TL)
Formula: Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Krivovichev, S.V., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2021) Vasilseverginite, Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral with a hybrid structure containing novel anion-centered tetrahedral structural units. American Mineralogist: 106: 633-640.; Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Krivovichev, S.V., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2015) Vasilseverginite, IMA 2015-083. CNMNC Newsletter No. 28, December 2015, page 1864. Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1859–1864.
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Vergasovaite

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Vergasovaite (TL)
Formula: Cu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
Reference: Bykova E Y, Berlepsch P, Kartashov P M, Brugger J, Armbruster T, Criddle A J (1998) Vergasovaite Cu3O[(Mo,S)O4][SO4], a new copper-oxy-molybdate-sulfate from Kamchatka, Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 78, 479-488
ⓘ Vernadite
Formula: (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Zubkova, N. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Shchipalkina, N. V., Sandalov, F. D., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Oxidizing-type fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, a mineralogical and geochemical unique. Russian Geology and Geophysics, 61(5-6), 675-688.
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Vlodavetsite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Vlodavetsite (TL)
Formula: AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Reference: Vergasova L P, Filatov S K, Starova G L, Matusevich Z L, Filosofova T M (1996) Vlodavetsite, AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl·4H2O, a new mineral from volcanic exhalations, Transactions (Doklady) of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Earth science sections, 343, 173-176 abstract Am Min 81:768
ⓘ Volborthite
Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Krzątała, A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Galuskina, I.O., Galuskin, E.V., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Vapnik, Y. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2022) Pliniusite, Ca5 (VO4) 3F, a new apatite-group mineral and the novel natural ternary solid-solution system pliniusite–svabite–fluorapatite. American Mineralogist, 107(8), 1626-1634.
ⓘ Vulcanite
Formula: CuTe
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]; Spiridonov, E. M., Filimonov, S. V., & Bryzgalov, I. A. (2009, April). Solid solution fisnhesserite-naumannite (Ag, Au) 2 Se in ores of the volcanogenic gold deposit Ozernovskoye, Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 425, No. 2, pp. 415-418). SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica.
ⓘ Vysotskite
Formula: PdS
Reference: Kutyrev, A. V., Sidorov, E. G., Antonov, A. V., & Chubarov, V. M. (2018). Platinum-group mineral assemblage of the Prizhimny Creek (Koryak Highland). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 59(8), 935-944.
ⓘ Wagnerite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Reference: Pekov, Igor V., Natalia N. Koshlyakova, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Atali A. Agakhanov, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Anna G. Turchkova, Sergey N. Britvin, Evgeny G. Sidorov, and Dmitry Y. Pushcharovsky. (2022) "A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3" Minerals 12, no. 7: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070850
ⓘ Wairauite
Formula: CoFe
Reference: Cabri, L. J., Oberthür, T., & Keays, R. R. (2022). Origin and depositional history of platinum-group minerals in placers–A critical review of facts and fiction. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104733.
ⓘ Watanabeite
Formula: Cu4(As,Sb)2S5
Reference: Tolstykh, N. D., Palyanova, G. A., Bobrova, O. G. V., & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Mustard Gold of the Gaching Ore Deposit (Maletoyvayam Ore Field, Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals, 9(8), 489.
ⓘ Wittichenite
Formula: Cu3BiS3
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
Reference: Аникин, Л. П., Силаев, В. И., Чубаров, В. М., Петровский, В. А., Вергасова, Л. П., Карпов, Г. А., ... & Максимов, А. П. (2018). Алмаз и другие акцессорные минералы в продуктах извержения 2008-2009 гг. Корякского вулкана (Камчатка). Вестник института геологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН, (2 (278)).
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Wrightite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Wrightite (TL)
Formula: K2Al2O(AsO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Shablinskii, A.P., Filatov, S.K., Vergasova, L.P., Avdontseva, E.Yu., Moskaleva, S.V. (2018) Wrightite, K2Al2O(AsO4)2, a new oxo-orthoarsenate from Great fissure Tolbachik eruption, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 1243-1251.
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Wulfenite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
Reference: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Sulimova, N.V. (1994): Copper and lead minerals in old fumarolic fields of Mt. 1004, Kamchatka. Volcanology and Seismology 16, 259-274.
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Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Wulffite (TL)
Formula: K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Wulffite, IMA 2013-035. CNMNC Newsletter No. 17, October 2013, page 2998; Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 2997-3005; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Savelyev, D.P., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014): Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 699-716. ; Pekov, I. V., Shchipalkina, N. V., Zubkova, N. V., Gurzhiy, V. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2019). Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathenardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57(6), 885-901.
ⓘ Wurtzite
Formula: (Zn,Fe)S
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Xanthoconite
Formula: Ag3AsS3
Reference: [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Maria Shapovalova, Elena Shaparenko, and Daria Bukhanova. (2022) "The Role of Selenium and Hydrocarbons in Au-Ag Ore Formation in the Rodnikovoe Low-Sulfidation (LS) Epithermal Deposit, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia" Minerals 12, no. 11: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111418
ⓘ Xonotlite
Formula: Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Reference: http://geo.web.ru/druza/l-Tamvatnei.htm
ⓘ Yangzhumingite
Formula: KMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Reference: Shchipalkina, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Britvin, S. N., Zubkova, N. V., Varlamov, D. A., & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia–Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32(1), 121-136.
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Yaroshevskite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Yaroshevskite (TL)
Formula: Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2012) Yaroshevskite, IMA 2012-003. CNMNC Newsletter No. 13, June 2012, page 813; Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 807-817.
ⓘ Yuanfuliite
Formula: Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Reference: M.O. Bulakh, I. V. Pekov, N. N. Koshlyakova, D.Sc. E. G. Sidorov (2021) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarole Exhalations of Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka) Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society 150:67-87 (in Russian)
ⓘ Yuanjiangite
Formula: AuSn
Reference: Sandimirova, E. I., Sidorov, E. G., Chubarov, V. M., Ibragimova, E. K., & Antonov, A. V. (2014). Native metals and intermetallic compounds in heavy concentrate halos of the Ol’khovaya-1 River, Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula, eastern Kamchatka. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 657-664.
ⓘ Yukonite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Reference: Nishikawa, O., Okrugin, V., Belkova, N., Saji, I., Shiraki, K., & Tazaki, K. (2006). Crystal symmetry and chemical composition of yukonite: TEM study of specimens collected from Nalychevskie hot springs, Kamchatka, Russia and from Venus mine, Yukon Territory, Canada. Mineralogical Magazine, 70(1), 73-81.
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Yurgensonite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Yurgensonite (TL)
Formula: K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Type Locality:
Reference: http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15846&sid=58b3e9150f68334c80704d855f2e042d; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2019): Yurgensonite, IMA 2019-059. CNMNC Newsletter No. 52; Mineralogical Magazine: 83; https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.73; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15946
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Yurmarinite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Yurmarinite (TL)
Formula: Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2014) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine: 78: 905-917.; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Vigasina, M.F., Sidorov, E.G. and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2013) Yurmarinite, IMA 2013-033. CNMNC Newsletter No. 16, August 2013, page 2708. Mineralogical Magazine: 77: 2695-2709.
ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'
Reference: V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
ⓘ Zhanghengite
Formula: CuZn
Reference: Tolstykh, Nadezhda, Daria Bukhanova, Maria Shapovalova, Andrey Borovikov, and Maksim Podlipsky. (2021) "The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111225
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Ziesite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Ziesite
Formula: β-Cu2(V2O7)
Reference: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Y. S., Fadeeva, O. A., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2013). Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2 (VO4) 4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(1), 107-116.
ⓘ Ziminaite (TL)
Formula: Fe3+ 6 (VO4)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Siidra, O.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Y.S. and Kartashov, P.M. (2015) Ziminaite, IMA 2014-062. CNMNCNewsletter No. 23, February 2015, page 52; Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 51-58; Pekov, I.V., Siidra, O.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Kartashov, P.M. (2018) Ziminaite, Fe3+VO4, a new howardevansite-group mineral from the Bezymyannyi volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogy and Petrology: 112: 371–379.
ⓘ Zinc
Formula: Zn
Reference: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., & Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014, January). Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 454, No. 1, pp. 47-49). Pleiades Publishing.
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Zincite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Zincite
Formula: ZnO
Reference: Siidra, O.I., Nazarchuk, E.V., Lukina, E.A., Zaitsev, A.N., Shilovskikh, V.V. (2018) Belousovite, KZn(SO4)Cl, a new sulphate mineral from the Tolbachik volcano with apophyllite sheet-topology. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 1079-1088.
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Zincobradaczekite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Zincobradaczekite (TL)
Formula: NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Lykova, I., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Turchkova, A.G., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Scheidl, K.S. (2020) A new mineral species zincobradaczekite, NaCuCuZn2(AsO4)3, and a new isomorphous series bradaczekite–zincobradaczekite in the alluaudite group. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 47, 36.; Pekov, I.V., Lykova, I.S., Koshlyakova, N.N., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Turchkova, A.G., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Scheidl, K.S. (2016): Zincobradaczekite, IMA 2016-041. CNMNC Newsletter No. 33, October 2016, page 1137. Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 1135–1144.
ⓘ Zincochromite
Formula: ZnCr2O4
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Sandalov, F.D., Koshlyakova, N.N., Vigasina, M.F., Polekhovsky, Y.S., Britvin, S.N., Sidorov, E.G., Turchkova, A.G. (2018): Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia[i]. Minerals: 8: 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110498; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=14995
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Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Zincomenite (TL)
Formula: ZnSeO3
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Chukanov, N.V. and Sidorov, E.G. (2014) Zincomenite, IMA 2014-014. CNMNC Newsletter No. 21, August 2014, page 798; Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 797-804. ; Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Britvin, S.N., Chukanov, N.V., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2016): Zincomenite, ZnSeO3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy: 28: 997-1004.
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Reference: Kaminsky, F. V., Wirth, R., Anikin, L. P., Morales, L., & Schreiber, A. (2016). Carbonado-like diamond from the Avacha active volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. Lithos, 265, 222-236.
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Zubkovaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ⓘ Zubkovaite (TL)
Formula: Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4
Type Locality:
Reference: Pekov, I.V., Lykova, I.S., Agakhanov, A.A., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. and Scheidl, K.S. (2018) Zubkovaite, IMA 2018-008. CNMNC Newsletter No 43, June 2018, page 782; Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 779-785.
ⓘ Zunyite
Formula: Al13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Reference: Spiridonov, E. M., Ivanova, Y. N., & Yapaskurt, V. O. (2014, September). Selenium-bearing goldfieldite and fischesserite AuAg^ sub 3^ Se^ sub 2^-petzite AuAg^ sub 3^ Te^ sub 2^ solid solutions in ores of the Ozernovskoe volcanogenic deposit (Kamchatka). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 458, No. 1, p. 1139). Springer Science & Business Media.

Gallery:

(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5ⓘ Achyrophanite (TL)
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Achyrophanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Achyrophanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Achyrophanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
As8S9ⓘ Alacránite (TL)
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Alacránite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alacránite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu+PbCu2+5(SeO3)2Cl5O2ⓘ Allochalcoselite (TL)
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Allochalcoselite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Allochalcoselite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Allochalcoselite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2ⓘ Alumoklyuchevskite (TL)
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Alumoklyuchevskite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3ⓘ Andradite var. Demantoid
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Demantoid

Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
CaSO4ⓘ Anhydrite
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Anhydrite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anhydrite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anhydrite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca(Al2Si2O8)ⓘ Anorthite
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Anorthite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anorthite

Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anorthite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anorthite

Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anorthite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Anorthite

Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2ⓘ Aphthitalite
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Aphthitalite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Aphthitalite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Aphthitalite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Aphthitalite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Aphthitalite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Aphthitalite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2SO4ⓘ Arcanite
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Arcanite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arcanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Mg2(AsO4)Fⓘ Arsenowagnerite (TL)
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Arsenowagnerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsenowagnerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsenowagnerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5ⓘ Arsmirandite (TL)
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Arsmirandite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Arsmirandite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Clⓘ Atlasovite (TL)
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Atlasovite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2Oⓘ Avdoninite (TL)
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Avdoninite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Avdoninite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3ⓘ Badalovite (TL)
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Badalovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2Oⓘ Bassanite
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bassanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu(OH)Clⓘ Belloite
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Belloite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Belloite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuSO4 · 3H2Oⓘ Bonattite
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Bonattite

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bonattite

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bonattite

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3[(V,As)O4]2ⓘ Borisenkoite (TL)
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Borisenkoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Borisenkoite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Borisenkoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Borisenkoite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Borisenkoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Borisenkoite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
NaCu4(AsO4)3ⓘ Bradaczekite (TL)
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Bradaczekite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bradaczekite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Na8Ca(SO4)6ⓘ Bubnovaite (TL)
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Bubnovaite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bubnovaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bubnovaite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bubnovaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bubnovaite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Bubnovaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCdCu2+7(SeO3)2O2Cl9ⓘ Burnsite (TL)
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Burnsite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Burnsite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Burnsite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Al5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)ⓘ Cadwaladerite
trans.png
Cadwaladerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cadwaladerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
NaCaMg3(AsO4)3ⓘ Calciojohillerite (TL)
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Calciojohillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
C24H12ⓘ Carpathite
trans.png
Carpathite

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Carpathite

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Carpathite

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
SnO2ⓘ Cassiterite
trans.png
Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cassiterite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuSO4ⓘ Chalcocyanite
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chalcocyanite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KPb2Cl5ⓘ Challacolloite
trans.png
Challacolloite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Challacolloite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Challacolloite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2Oⓘ Chlorartinite (TL)
trans.png
Chlorartinite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorartinite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorartinite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6ⓘ Chloromenite (TL)
trans.png
Chloromenite, etc.

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chloromenite, etc.

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chloromenite, etc.

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Cu(SO4)Cl2ⓘ Chlorothionite
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Chlorothionite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chlorothionite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2Oⓘ Chrysothallite (TL)
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chrysothallite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KZn2(BO3)Cl2ⓘ Chubarovite (TL)
trans.png
Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Chubarovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
HgSⓘ Cinnabar
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Cinnabar

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Cinnabar

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
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Cinnabar

Tamvatnei Hg deposit, Tamvatnei massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
KZnCl3 · 2H2Oⓘ Cryobostryxite (TL)
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Cryobostryxite, etc.

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryobostryxite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryobostryxite, etc.

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryobostryxite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryobostryxite, etc.

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryobostryxite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Cu5O(SO4)5ⓘ Cryptochalcite (TL)
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Cryptochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryptochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cryptochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3O(MoO4)2ⓘ Cupromolybdite (TL)
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cupromolybdite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4ⓘ Cuprorhodsite (TL)
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cuprorhodsite, etc.

Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2Oⓘ Cyanochroite
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Cyanochroite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2Oⓘ Dioskouriite (TL)
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Dioskouriite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dioskouriite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dioskouriite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4ⓘ Dmisokolovite (TL)
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dmisokolovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu2(SO4)Oⓘ Dolerophanite
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Dolerophanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite, etc.

Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dolerophanite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuMg(SO4)2ⓘ Dravertite (TL)
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Dravertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4ⓘ Eleomelanite (TL)
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eleomelanite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu4O(AsO4)2ⓘ Ericlaxmanite (TL)
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ericlaxmanite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuCl2 · 2H2Oⓘ Eriochalcite
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Eriochalcite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eriochalcite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Eriochalcite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KNaCu3(SO4)3Oⓘ Euchlorine
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Euchlorine

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Euchlorine

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Cu3(SO4)3Oⓘ Fedotovite (TL)
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Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fedotovite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Fedotovite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Fedotovite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3ⓘ Fluoborite
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluoborite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2ⓘ Fluorophlogopite
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Fluorophlogopite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluorophlogopite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Fluorophlogopite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2ⓘ Georgbokiite (TL)
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Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Georgbokiite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Georgbokiite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Georgbokiite

Glavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Auⓘ Gold
trans.png
Gold

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Gold

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Gold

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CaSO4 · 2H2Oⓘ Gypsum
trans.png
Gypsum

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Gypsum

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Gypsum

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Fe2O3ⓘ Hematite
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite
trans.png
Hydrokenoralstonite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Hydrokenoralstonite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Hydrokenoralstonite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3ⓘ Ilinskite (TL)
trans.png
Ilinskite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ilinskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ilinskite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ilinskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ilinskite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ilinskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3ⓘ Johillerite
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Johillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Johillerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]ⓘ Kaliochalcite (TL)
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kaliochalcite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCu3(SO4)2OClⓘ Kamchatkite (TL)
trans.png
Kamchatkite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kamchatkite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kamchatkite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2ⓘ Klyuchevskite (TL)
trans.png
Klyuchevskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Klyuchevskite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
NaMg(SO4)Fⓘ Kononovite (TL)
trans.png
Kononovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kononovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Kononovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu4O(AsO4)2ⓘ Kozyrevskite (TL)
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Kozyrevskite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KNa2CaMg(SO4)3Fⓘ Krasheninnikovite (TL)
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Krasheninnikovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Krasheninnikovite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3(AsO4)2ⓘ Lammerite
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Lammerite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lammerite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2Mg2(SO4)3ⓘ Langbeinite
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Langbeinite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Langbeinite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Langbeinite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5ⓘ Lehmannite (TL)
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lehmannite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
PbCu3(VO4)2Clⓘ Leningradite (TL)
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Leningradite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Leningradite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3Fe4(VO4)6ⓘ Lyonsite
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Lyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Lyonsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3ⓘ Magnesiohatertite (TL)
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Magnesiohatertite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3(VO4)2ⓘ Mcbirneyite
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Mcbirneyite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Mcbirneyite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Mcbirneyite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4ⓘ Melanarsite (TL)
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanarsite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu2Cl2Oⓘ Melanothallite
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Melanothallite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2Oⓘ Meniaylovite (TL)
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Meniaylovite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na2SO4ⓘ Metathénardite (TL)
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Metathénardite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OClⓘ Nabokoite (TL)
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Nabokoite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nabokoite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
TlIⓘ Nataliyamalikite (TL)
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Nataliyamalikite, etc.

Avachinsky volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nataliyamalikite, etc.

Avachinsky volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nataliyamalikite, etc.

Avachinsky volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3ⓘ Nickenichite
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Nickenichite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3(AsO4)2ⓘ Paralammerite (TL)
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Paralammerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite, etc.

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Paralammerite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
As4S4ⓘ Pararealgar
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Pararealgar

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pararealgar

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pararealgar

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8ⓘ Parawulffite (TL)
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Parawulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Parawulffite

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Parawulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Parawulffite

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Parawulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Parawulffite

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik volcano, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(V4+O)SO4ⓘ Pauflerite (TL)
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Pauflerite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pauflerite, etc.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pauflerite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pauflerite, etc.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pauflerite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pauflerite, etc.

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Clⓘ Piypite (TL)
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Piypite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Plagioclase

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca5(VO4)3Fⓘ Pliniusite (TL)
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Pliniusite, etc.

Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pliniusite, etc.

Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pliniusite, etc.

Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K4Cu4Cl10Oⓘ Ponomarevite (TL)
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Ponomarevite

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu5O2(AsO4)2ⓘ Popovite (TL)
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Popovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3(VO4)2ⓘ Pseudolyonsite (TL)
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Pseudolyonsite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
As4S4ⓘ Realgar
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Realgar, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V) (TL)
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Rhabdoborite-(V)

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(V)

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(V)

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W) (TL)
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Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Rhabdoborite-(W), etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCuCl3ⓘ Sanguite (TL)
trans.png
Sanguite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sanguite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sanguite, etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na2Cu(SO4)2ⓘ Saranchinaite (TL)
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Saranchinaite

Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3ⓘ Schäferite
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Schäferite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
V5+2O5ⓘ Shcherbinaite (TL)
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Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Shcherbinaite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shcherbinaite, etc.

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4ⓘ Shchurovskyite (TL)
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Shchurovskyite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Shchurovskyite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Shchurovskyite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Zn2(SeO3)Cl2ⓘ Sofiite (TL)
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Sofiite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sofiite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sofiite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sofiite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sofiite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Sofiite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Sofiite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Sofiite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
KCu5O(VO4)3 ⓘ Starovaite (TL)
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Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Starovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuOⓘ Tenorite
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Tenorite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Tenorite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tenorite

Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Tiⓘ Titanium
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Titanium

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Titanium

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Titanium

First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuCl2ⓘ Tolbachite (TL)
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Tolbachite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tolbachite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Tolbachite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3ⓘ 'Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)'
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Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate), etc.

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
CuAl(AsO4)Oⓘ Urusovite (TL)
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Urusovite

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Urusovite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite

Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Urusovite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
As4S5ⓘ Uzonite (TL)
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Uzonite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite, etc.

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Uzonite

Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na6Mg(SO4)4ⓘ Vanthoffite
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Vanthoffite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vanthoffite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vanthoffite

Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2ⓘ Vasilseverginite (TL)
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Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vasilseverginite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)Oⓘ Vergasovaite (TL)
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Vergasovaite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vergasovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vergasovaite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2Oⓘ Vlodavetsite (TL)
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Vlodavetsite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vlodavetsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
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Vlodavetsite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vlodavetsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vlodavetsite

Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Vlodavetsite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4ⓘ Wulffite (TL)
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Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Wulffite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 ⓘ Yaroshevskite (TL)
trans.png
Yaroshevskite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Yaroshevskite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Yaroshevskite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6ⓘ Yurmarinite (TL)
trans.png
Yurmarinite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Yurmarinite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Yurmarinite, etc.

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
β-Cu2(V2O7)ⓘ Ziesite
trans.png
Ziesite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ziesite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Ziesite

Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ZnOⓘ Zincite
trans.png
Zincite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3ⓘ Zincobradaczekite (TL)
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincobradaczekite, etc.

Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
ZnSeO3ⓘ Zincomenite (TL)
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zincomenite

Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4ⓘ Zubkovaite (TL)
trans.png
Zubkovaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zubkovaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
trans.png
Zubkovaite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘAluminium1.AA.05Al
ⓘAnyuiite1.AA.15AuPb2
ⓘArsenic1.CA.05As
ⓘAuricupride1.AA.10aCu3Au
ⓘAwaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
ⓘBismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘCadmium1.AB.05Cd
ⓘCohenite1.BA.05Fe3C
ⓘCopper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘDiamond1.CB.10aC
ⓘvar. Carbonado1.CB.10aC
ⓘFerronickelplatinum1.AG.40Pt2FeNi
ⓘGold1.AA.05Au
ⓘvar. Electrum1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
ⓘvar. Palladium-bearing Gold1.AA.05(Au,Pd)
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
ⓘHexaferrum (TL)1.AG.05(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
ⓘvar. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)1.AG.05(Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
ⓘvar. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)1.AG.05(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
ⓘvar. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)1.AG.05(Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
ⓘHongshiite1.AG.45PtCu
ⓘHunchunite1.AA.25Au2Pb
ⓘIridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘvar. Osmiridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘvar. Rutheniridium1.AF.10(Ir,Ru)
ⓘIron1.AE.05Fe
ⓘIsoferroplatinum1.AG.35Pt3Fe
ⓘKufahrite (TL)1.A0.PtPb
ⓘLead1.AA.05Pb
ⓘLuobusaite ?1.BB.25Fe0.84Si2
ⓘ'Manganese'1.AE.30Mn
ⓘMercury1.AD.05Hg
ⓘMoissanite1.DA.SiC
ⓘ'Molybdenum'1.AE.05Mo
ⓘNickel1.AA.05Ni
ⓘNovodneprite1.AA.15AuPb3
ⓘOsmium1.AF.05(Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘvar. Iridosmine1.AF.05(Os,Ir)
ⓘPalladium1.AF.10(Pd,Pt)
ⓘPlatinum1.AF.10Pt
ⓘQusongite1.BA.25WC
ⓘRutheniridosmine1.AF.05(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘRuthenium1.AF.05(Ru,Ir)
ⓘSelenium1.CC.10Se
ⓘSidorovite (TL)1.AG.Fe3Pt
ⓘSilicon1.CB.15Si
ⓘSilver1.AA.05Ag
ⓘvar. Küstelite1.AA.05Ag
ⓘSulphur1.CC.05S8
ⓘTaenite1.AE.10(Fe,Ni)
ⓘTellurium1.CC.10Te
ⓘTetra-auricupride1.AA.10bAuCu
ⓘTetraferroplatinum1.AG.40PtFe
ⓘTin1.AC.10Sn
ⓘTitanium1.AB.05Ti
ⓘTomamaeite1.AH.Cu3Pt
ⓘTulameenite1.AG.40Pt2CuFe
ⓘTungsten1.AE.05W
ⓘWairauite1.AE.15CoFe
ⓘYuanjiangite1.AC.15AuSn
ⓘZhanghengite1.AB.10aCuZn
ⓘZinc1.AB.05Zn
ⓘ'α-Brass'1.AB.10aCu3Zn
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘAguilarite2.BA.55Ag4SeS
ⓘAikinite2.HB.05aPbCuBiS3
ⓘAlacránite (TL)2.FA.20As8S9
ⓘAltaite2.CD.10PbTe
ⓘAntimonselite2.DB.05Sb2Se3
ⓘArgentotetrahedrite-(Zn)2.GB.Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
ⓘArgyrodite2.BA.70Ag8GeS6
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘAuroselenide (TL)2.CB.AuSe
ⓘBezsmertnovite (TL)2.BA.80(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
ⓘBilibinskite (TL)2.BA.80PbCu2Au3Te2
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘBogdanovite (TL)2.BA.80(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
ⓘBohdanowiczite2.JA.20AgBiSe2
ⓘBonazziite ?2.FA.As4S4
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘBowieite2.DB.15Rh2S3
ⓘBraggite2.CC.35aPdPt3S4
ⓘCalaverite2.EA.10AuTe2
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘCherepanovite2.CC.15RhAs
ⓘCinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
ⓘClausthalite2.CD.10PbSe
ⓘColoradoite2.CB.05aHgTe
ⓘColusite2.CB.30Cu13VAs3S16
ⓘCooperite2.CC.35bPtS
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘCuproiridsite (TL)2.DA.05(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
ⓘCuprorhodsite (TL)2.DA.05(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4
ⓘCuprostibite2.AA.20Cu2(Sb,Tl)
ⓘDigenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
ⓘDyscrasite2.AA.35Ag3Sb
ⓘEmplectite2.HA.05CuBiS2
ⓘEnargite2.KA.05Cu3AsS4
ⓘErlichmanite2.EB.05aOsS2
ⓘFamatinite2.KA.10Cu3SbS4
ⓘFischesserite2.BA.75Ag3AuSe2
ⓘ'Freibergite Subgroup'2.GB.05(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
ⓘGachingite (TL)2.CB.Au(Te1-xSex)
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘvar. Selenium-bearing Galena2.CD.10Pb(S,Se)
ⓘGeerite2.BA.05Cu8S5
ⓘGenkinite2.AC.35aPt4Sb3
ⓘGeversite2.EB.05aPtSb2
ⓘGoldfieldite2.GB.05(Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12S
ⓘGuanajuatite2.DB.05Bi2Se3
ⓘHeazlewoodite2.BB.05Ni3S2
ⓘHemusite2.CB.35aCu6SnMoS8
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘHodrušite2.JA.10cCu8Bi12S22
ⓘHollingworthite2.EB.25(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
ⓘIdaite2.CB.15aCu5FeS6
ⓘInaglyite2.DA.20Cu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
ⓘIrarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘJalpaite2.BA.45Ag3CuS2
ⓘKashinite2.DB.15Ir2S3
ⓘKeithconnite2.BC.20Pd20Te7
ⓘKonderite2.DA.20Cu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
ⓘKostovite2.EA.15CuAuTe4
ⓘKotulskite2.CC.05Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
ⓘKrennerite2.EA.15Au3AgTe8
ⓘLaurite2.EB.05aRuS2
ⓘLenaite2.CB.10aAgFeS2
ⓘLuzonite2.KA.10Cu3AsS4
ⓘLöllingite2.EB.15aFeAs2
ⓘMackinawite2.CC.25(Fe,Ni)9S8
ⓘMalanite2.DA.05Cu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
ⓘvar. Cobalt-bearing Malanite2.DA.05Cu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
ⓘMaletoyvayamite (TL)2.CB.45Au3Se4Te6
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘMatildite2.JA.20AgBiS2
ⓘMawsonite2.CB.20Cu6Fe2SnS8
ⓘMckinstryite2.BA.40Ag5-xCu3+xS4
ⓘMerenskyite2.EA.20PdTe2
ⓘMertieite2.AC.10bPd8Sb2.5As0.5
ⓘMetacinnabar2.CB.05aHgS
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘMuthmannite2.CB.85AuAgTe2
ⓘNaumannite2.BA.55Ag2Se
ⓘOregonite2.BB.05Ni2FeAs2
ⓘOrpiment2.FA.30As2S3
ⓘOsarsite2.EB.20(Os,Ru)AsS
ⓘPararealgar2.FA.15bAs4S4
ⓘPearceite2.GB.15[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘPetrovskaite2.BA.75AuAgS
ⓘPetzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
ⓘPlatarsite2.EB.25PtAsS
ⓘPolkanovite2.AC.30Rh12As7
ⓘPolybasite2.GB.15[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
ⓘ'Polybasite-Tac'2.GB.
ⓘProustite2.GA.05Ag3AsS3
ⓘPyrargyrite2.GA.05Ag3SbS3
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘRealgar2.FA.15aAs4S4
ⓘRheniite2.EB.35ReS2
ⓘRhodarsenide2.AC.25b(Rh,Pd)2As
ⓘRickardite2.BA.30Cu7Te5
ⓘRucklidgeite2.GC.40cPbBi2Te4
ⓘSkinnerite2.GA.20Cu3SbS3
ⓘSkippenite2.DC.05Bi2TeSe2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘSpryite2.BA.35Ag8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6
ⓘStannoidite2.CB.15cCu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
ⓘStephanite2.GB.10Ag5SbS4
ⓘSternbergite2.CB.65AgFe2S3
ⓘStibiogoldfieldite2.GB.(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)S12S
ⓘStibiopalladinite2.AC.20aPd5Sb2
ⓘStibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
ⓘStromeyerite2.BA.40AgCuS
ⓘStumpflite2.CC.05PtSb
ⓘSvetlanaite (TL)2.CD.SnSe
ⓘSylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
ⓘTellurantimony2.DC.05Sb2Te3
ⓘTellurobismuthite2.DC.05Bi2Te3
ⓘTemagamite2.BC.50Pd3HgTe3
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘTennantite-(Cu)2.GB.Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S
ⓘTetradymite2.DC.05Bi2Te2S
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘTetrahedrite-(Zn)2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
ⓘTiemannite2.CB.05aHgSe
ⓘTolstykhite (TL)2.CB.Au3S4Te6
ⓘTungstenite2.EA.30WS2
ⓘ'UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPt'2.BC.05PtPd(Fe,Cu)S
ⓘUytenbogaardtite2.BA.75Ag3AuS2
ⓘUzonite (TL)2.FA.25As4S5
ⓘVasilite2.BC.25(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
ⓘVulcanite2.CB.75CuTe
ⓘVysotskite2.CC.35aPdS
ⓘWatanabeite2.GC.15Cu4(As,Sb)2S5
ⓘWittichenite2.GA.20Cu3BiS3
ⓘWurtzite2.CB.45(Zn,Fe)S
ⓘXanthoconite2.GA.10Ag3AsS3
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘAtacamite3.DA.10aCu2(OH)3Cl
ⓘAvdoninite (TL)3.DA.55K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
ⓘBelloite3.DA.10bCu(OH)Cl
ⓘBischofite3.BB.15MgCl2 · 6H2O
ⓘCadwaladerite3.BD.05Al5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
ⓘCarnallite3.BA.10KMgCl3 · 6H2O
ⓘChallacolloite3.AA.55KPb2Cl5
ⓘChlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
ⓘChrysothallite (TL)3.DA.70K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
ⓘCotunnite3.AB.85PbCl2
ⓘCryobostryxite (TL)3.BA.20KZnCl3 · 2H2O
ⓘDemartinite3.CH.20K2[SiF6]
ⓘDioskouriite (TL)3.DA.70CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
ⓘEriochalcite3.BB.05CuCl2 · 2H2O
ⓘErythrosiderite3.CJ.10K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
ⓘFeodosiyite (TL)3.DA.75Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
ⓘFlinteite (TL)3.A0.K2ZnCl4
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘHydrokenoralstonite3.CF.05 Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
ⓘJakobssonite3.CD.15CaAlF5
ⓘKalithallite (TL)3.CJ.30K3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
ⓘLeonardsenite3.CB.25MgAlF5 · 2H2O
ⓘMalladrite3.CH.05Na2[SiF6]
ⓘMelanothallite3.DA.05Cu2Cl2O
ⓘMellizinkalite (TL)3.A0.K3Zn2Cl7
ⓘMeniaylovite (TL)3.CG.10Ca4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
ⓘMitscherlichite3.CJ.15K2CuCl4 · 2H2O
ⓘNataliyamalikite (TL)3.AA.25TlI
ⓘNovograblenovite (TL)3.BA.15(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
ⓘParatacamite3.DA.10cCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
ⓘPonomarevite (TL)3.DA.35K4Cu4Cl10O
ⓘRomanorlovite (TL)3.DA.80K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
ⓘSalammoniac3.AA.25NH4Cl
ⓘSaltonseaite3.CJ.05K3NaMnCl6
ⓘSanguite (TL)3.A0.KCuCl3
ⓘSellaite3.AB.15MgF2
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘTolbachite (TL)3.AB.05CuCl2
ⓘ'UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNa'3.CF.10NaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘAllochalcoselite (TL)4.JG.40Cu+PbCu2+5(SeO3)2Cl5O2
ⓘBalyakinite (TL)4.JK.15Cu(TeO3)
ⓘBannermanite4.HF.05(Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
ⓘBismite4.CB.60Bi2O3
ⓘBunsenite4.AB.25NiO
ⓘBurnsite (TL)4.JG.35KCdCu2+7(SeO3)2O2Cl9
ⓘCarmeltazite4.BB.30ZrAl2Ti4O11
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘChloromenite (TL)4.JG.10Cu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘCristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘCuprospinel4.BB.05Cu2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘDeltalumite (TL)4.BB.05(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
ⓘDiaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
ⓘFerberite4.DB.30FeWO4
ⓘFranklinite4.BB.05Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘGahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
ⓘGeorgbokiite (TL)4.JG.05Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘGrossite4.CC.15CaAl4O7
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘHercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘvar. Picotite4.BB.05(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
ⓘHibonite4.CC.45CaAl12O19
ⓘHollandite4.DK.05aBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
ⓘIce4.AA.05H2O
ⓘIlinskite (TL)4.JG.20(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ'Krasnogorite'4.E0.10WO3
ⓘMaghemite4.BB.15(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
ⓘMagnesiochromite4.BB.05MgCr2O4
ⓘMagnesioferrite4.BB.05MgFe3+2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘvar. Titanium-bearing Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘMolybdite4.E0.10MoO3
ⓘMolybdomenite4.JF.05PbSeO3
ⓘNicksobolevite (TL)4.JG.45Cu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
ⓘOpal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘParageorgbokiite (TL)4.JG.05Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
ⓘParatellurite4.DE.25TeO2
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘPrewittite (TL)4.JG.KPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
ⓘPseudobrookite4.CB.15Fe2TiO5
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Amethyst4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘvar. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile4.DB.05(Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
ⓘvar. Vanadium-bearing Rutile4.DB.05(Ti,V)O2
ⓘSenarmontite4.CB.50Sb2O3
ⓘShcherbinaite (TL)4.HE.10V5+2O5
ⓘSofiite (TL)4.JG.15Zn2(SeO3)Cl2
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘTantite4.E0.05Ta2O5
ⓘTellurite4.DE.20TeO2
ⓘTenorite4.AB.10CuO
ⓘThermaerogenite (TL)4.BB.CuAl2O4
ⓘTistarite4.CB.05Ti3+2O3
ⓘTrevorite4.BB.05Ni2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘTridymite4.DA.10SiO2
ⓘTripuhyite4.DB.05Fe3+Sb5+O4
ⓘUlvöspinel4.BB.05TiFe2O4
ⓘVernadite4.FE.40(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘZincite4.AB.20ZnO
ⓘZincochromite4.BB.05ZnCr2O4
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘChlorartinite (TL)5.DA.10Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘDypingite5.DA.05Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘFairchildite5.AC.20K2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘHydromagnesite5.DA.05Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘNatrite5.AA.10Na2CO3
ⓘNesquehonite5.CA.05MgCO3 · 3H2O
ⓘRhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
ⓘStrontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
ⓘThermonatrite5.CB.05Na2CO3 · H2O
Group 6 - Borates
ⓘChubarovite (TL)6.AB.KZn2(BO3)Cl2
ⓘFluoborite6.AB.50Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
ⓘLudwigite6.AB.30Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
ⓘMarinaite (TL)6.AB.30Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
ⓘRhabdoborite-(Mo) (TL)6.AB.Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
ⓘRhabdoborite-(V) (TL)6.AB.85Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
ⓘRhabdoborite-(W) (TL)6.AB.85Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
ⓘSassolite6.AA.05H3BO3
ⓘYuanfuliite6.AB.20Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAlumoklyuchevskite (TL)7.BC.45K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘAlunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘvar. Copper-bearing Anglesite7.AD.35(Pb,Cu)SO4
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘAntlerite7.BB.15Cu3(SO4)(OH)4
ⓘAntofagastaite7.CD.35Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
ⓘAphthitalite7.AC.35(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
ⓘArcanite7.AD.05K2SO4
ⓘAtlasovite (TL)7.BC.20K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘBassanite7.CD.45Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O
ⓘBelomarinaite (TL)7.AC.35KNa(SO4)
ⓘBelousovite (TL)7.BC.45KZn(SO4)Cl
ⓘBlödite7.CC.50Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘBobjonesite7.DB.25(V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
ⓘBonattite7.CB.10CuSO4 · 3H2O
ⓘBoothite7.CB.35CuSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘBubnovaite (TL)7.AD.K2Na8Ca(SO4)6
ⓘCalciolangbeinite (TL)7.AD.K2Ca2(SO4)3
ⓘChalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘChalcocyanite7.AB.10CuSO4
ⓘChlorothionite7.BC.25K2Cu(SO4)Cl2
ⓘCuprodobrovolskyite (TL)7.AD.Na4Cu(SO4)3
ⓘCupromolybdite (TL)7.BB.30Cu3O(MoO4)2
ⓘCyanochroite7.CC.60K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘDobrovolskyite (TL)7.AD.Na4Ca(SO4)3
ⓘDolerophanite7.BB.20Cu2(SO4)O
ⓘDravertite (TL)7.AB.CuMg(SO4)2
ⓘElasmochloite (TL)7.BC.50Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
ⓘEleomelanite (TL)7.BC.52(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
ⓘEpsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘEuchlorine7.BC.30KNaCu3(SO4)3O
ⓘEvdokimovite (TL)7.DF.60Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
ⓘFedotovite (TL)7.BC.30K2Cu3(SO4)3O
ⓘGlauberite7.AD.25Na2Ca(SO4)2
ⓘGlikinite (TL)7.BB.70Zn3O(SO4)2
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘHalotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘHermannjahnite (TL)7.AB.15CuZn(SO4)2
ⓘHexahydrite7.CB.25MgSO4 · 6H2O
ⓘItelmenite (TL)7.AC.40Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
ⓘIvsite (TL)7.AD.45Na3H(SO4)2
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘKainite7.DF.10KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
ⓘKaliochalcite (TL)7.DF.10KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
ⓘKamchatkite (TL)7.BC.35KCu3(SO4)2OCl
ⓘKarpovite (TL)7.DB.27Tl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
ⓘKlyuchevskite (TL)7.BC.45K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
ⓘKoryakite (TL)7.AB.05NaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
ⓘKrasheninnikovite (TL)7.BC.57KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
ⓘLangbeinite7.AC.10K2Mg2(SO4)3
ⓘLinarite7.BC.65PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘMajzlanite (TL)7.AC.50K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
ⓘMallardite7.CB.35MnSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘMarkhininite (TL)7.AD.55TlBi(SO4)2
ⓘMelanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
ⓘMercallite7.AD.10KHSO4
ⓘMetathénardite (TL)7.AD.30Na2SO4
ⓘNabokoite (TL)7.BC.20KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
ⓘNatroaphthitalite (TL)7.AC.35 KNa3(SO4)2
ⓘOlsacherite7.AD.35Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
ⓘPalmierite7.AD.40K2Pb(SO4)2
ⓘParawulffite (TL)7.BC.60K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
ⓘPauflerite (TL)7.BB.55(V4+O)SO4
ⓘPetrovite (TL)7.AC.75Na12Cu2(SO4)8
ⓘPhiloxenite (TL)7.AC.60(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
ⓘPickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘPilipenkoite (TL)7.CA.KCu(AsO4) · H2O
ⓘPiypite (TL)7.BC.40K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
ⓘPowellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
ⓘPuninite (TL)7.BC.20Na2Cu3O(SO4)3
ⓘRozenite7.CB.15FeSO4 · 4H2O
ⓘSaranchinaite (TL)7.AC.45Na2Cu(SO4)2
ⓘScheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
ⓘShuvalovite (TL)7.BC.62K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
ⓘSteklite (TL)7.AC.20KAl(SO4)2
ⓘSyngenite7.CD.35K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
ⓘThénardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
ⓘTschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘVanthoffite7.AC.05Na6Mg(SO4)4
ⓘVergasovaite (TL)7.BB.30Cu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
ⓘVlodavetsite (TL)7.DF.40AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
ⓘWulffite (TL)7.BC.60K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
ⓘZincomenite (TL)7.A0.ZnSeO3
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘAchyrophanite (TL)8.BF.30(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
ⓘAlarsite (TL)8.AA.05AlAsO4
ⓘAleutite (TL)8.BB.50[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
ⓘAlumoedtollite (TL)8.AC.K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
ⓘAnatolyite (TL)8.AC.47Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
ⓘAntipovite (TL)8.BD.Cu5O2(PO4)2
ⓘArsenatrotitanite (TL)8.BH.10NaTi(AsO4)O
ⓘArsenowagnerite (TL)8.BB.XMg2(AsO4)F
ⓘArsenudinaite (TL)8.AC.50NaMg4(AsO4)3
ⓘArsmirandite (TL)8.B0.Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
ⓘAverievite (TL)8.BB.85Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
ⓘAxelite (TL)8.BA.Na14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
ⓘBadalovite (TL)8.AC.05Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
ⓘBakakinite (TL)8.FA.Ca2V2O7
ⓘBerzeliite8.AC.25(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
ⓘBlossite8.FA.05α-Cu2(V2O7)
ⓘBorisenkoite (TL)8.AB.Cu3[(V,As)O4]2
ⓘBradaczekite (TL)8.AC.10NaCu4(AsO4)3
ⓘBrushite8.CJ.50Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘCalciohatertite (TL)8.AC.NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
ⓘCalciojohillerite (TL)8.AC.05NaCaMg3(AsO4)3
ⓘCesiodymite (TL)8.BF.35CsKCu5O(SO4)5
ⓘCoparsite (TL)8.BE.80Cu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
ⓘCryptochalcite (TL)8.BF.35K2Cu5O(SO4)5
ⓘDmisokolovite (TL)8.BG.20K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
ⓘDokuchaevite (TL)8.BB.45Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
ⓘEdtollite (TL)8.AC.K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
ⓘEriclaxmanite (TL)8.BB.52aCu4O(AsO4)2
ⓘEvseevite (TL)8.BH.80Na2Mg(AsO4)F
ⓘFilatovite (TL)8.AC.85K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
ⓘFingerite8.BB.80Cu11(VO4)6O2
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘGoryainovite8.BN.15Ca2(PO4)Cl
ⓘGrigorievite (TL)8.AC.02Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6
ⓘHatertite (TL)8.AC.05Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
ⓘJohillerite8.AC.10Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
ⓘKainotropite (TL)8.F0.05Cu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
ⓘKarlditmarite (TL)8.BB.Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
ⓘKatiarsite (TL)8.BH.70KTiO(AsO4)
ⓘKhrenovite (TL)8.AC.05Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3
ⓘKoksharovite (TL)8.AC.02CaMg2Fe3+4(VO4)6
ⓘKononovite (TL)8.BH.10NaMg(SO4)F
ⓘKozyrevskite (TL)8.BB.52bCu4O(AsO4)2
ⓘLammerite8.AB.30Cu3(AsO4)2
ⓘLehmannite (TL)8.BK.35 Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
ⓘLeningradite (TL)8.BH.65PbCu3(VO4)2Cl
ⓘLyonsite8.AB.40Cu3Fe4(VO4)6
ⓘvar. Cu-rich lyonsite8.AB.40Cu3Fe4(VO4)6
ⓘMagganasite (TL)8.BN.CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3
ⓘMagnesiohatertite (TL)8.AC.05(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
ⓘManganobadalovite (TL)8.AC.NaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
ⓘMcbirneyite8.AB.35Cu3(VO4)2
ⓘMedvedevite (TL)8.F0.KMn2+2V2O6Cl · 2H2O
ⓘMelanarsite (TL)8.BH.75K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
ⓘMilkovoite (TL)8.BB.Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
ⓘNickenichite8.AC.10Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
ⓘNishanbaevite (TL)8.BK.30KAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
ⓘOzerovaite (TL)8.AC.47Na2KAl3(AsO4)4
ⓘPansnerite (TL)8.AC.47K3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
ⓘParaberzeliite (TL)8.AC.05NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
ⓘParalammerite (TL)8.AB.30Cu3(AsO4)2
ⓘPaulgrothite (TL)8.BB.Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
ⓘPharmazincite (TL)8.AC.55KZnAsO4
ⓘPliniusite (TL)8.BN.05Ca5(VO4)3F
ⓘPolyarsite (TL)8.BG.35Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
ⓘPopovite (TL)8.BB.55Cu5O2(AsO4)2
ⓘPseudolyonsite (TL)8.AB.35Cu3(VO4)2
ⓘPyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘReznitskyite (TL)8.BH.CaMg(VO4)F
ⓘRooseveltite8.AD.50Bi(AsO4)
ⓘSchäferite8.AC.25(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
ⓘScorodite8.CD.10Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
ⓘShchurovskyite (TL)8.BG.25K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
ⓘStarovaite (TL)8.BF.25KCu5O(VO4)3
ⓘSvabite8.BN.05Ca5(AsO4)3F
ⓘTilasite8.BB.CaMg(AsO4)F
ⓘUdinaite (TL)8.AC.50NaMg4(VO4)3
ⓘUrusovite (TL)8.BB.60CuAl(AsO4)O
ⓘVasilseverginite (TL)8.BE.90Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
ⓘVolborthite8.FD.05Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
ⓘWagnerite8.BB.15(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
ⓘWrightite (TL)8.BG.30K2Al2O(AsO4)2
ⓘYaroshevskite (TL)8.BB.45Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
ⓘYukonite8.DM.25Ca3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
ⓘYurgensonite (TL)8.BH.70K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
ⓘYurmarinite (TL)8.AC.47Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
ⓘZiesite8.FA.10β-Cu2(V2O7)
ⓘZiminaite (TL)8.AC.02Fe3+ 6 (VO4)6
ⓘZincobradaczekite (TL)8.AC.05NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
ⓘZubkovaite (TL)8.AC.57Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Anorthoclase9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
ⓘvar. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAlumoåkermanite9.BB.10(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘvar. Demantoid9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘvar. Topazolite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘvar. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘBabingtonite9.DK.05Ca2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
ⓘBarrerite9.GE.15Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
ⓘBeidellite9.EC.40(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘClinoenstatite9.DA.10MgSiO3
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
ⓘDickite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Diopside9.DA.15Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
ⓘvar. Salite9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘEastonite9.EC.20KMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
ⓘEsseneite9.DA.15CaFe3+[AlSiO6]
ⓘFerrisanidine (TL)9.FA.30K[Fe3+Si3O8]
ⓘFluorophlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘGrossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘHalloysite9.ED.10Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘHaüyne9.FB.10(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘIndialite9.CJ.05Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
ⓘKalsilite9.FA.05KAlSiO4
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLaumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘLeucite9.GB.05K(AlSi2O6)
ⓘLitidionite9.DG.70CuNaKSi4O10
ⓘMagnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite9.DE.25[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
ⓘMonticellite9.AC.10CaMgSiO4
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘMordenite9.GD.35(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘNatrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Arsenic-bearing Orthoclase9.FA.30KAl(Si,As)3O8
ⓘPargasite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘParsettensite9.EG.40(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
ⓘPectolite9.DG.05NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPotassic-fluoro-richterite9.DE.20{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘPyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘPyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘRhönite9.DH.40Ca4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
ⓘRyabchikovite (TL)9.DA.CuMgSi2O6
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘScolecite9.GA.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘStilbite-Ca9.GE.10NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘXonotlite9.DG.35Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2
ⓘYangzhumingite9.EC.20KMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘZunyite9.BJ.55Al13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘCarpathite10.BA.30C24H12
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Arsenpolybasite'-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
ⓘ'Chabazite'-
ⓘ'Chlor-spodiosite'-Ca2PO4Cl
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
ⓘ'Clinoptilolite'-M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Famatinite-Luzonite Series'-
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Glass'-
ⓘ'Gray copper ore'-Cu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
ⓘ'Hornblende'-
ⓘ'Hydrogoethite'-3Fe2O3 · 4H2O
ⓘ'Hydromica'-
ⓘ'Hydrophilite'-
ⓘ'Iron-Platinum alloy'-(Pt,Fe)
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-KAlSi3O8
ⓘ'var. Adularia'-KAlSi3O8
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Marl
var. Schlier'		-
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Melnikovite'-
ⓘ'Oborite'-
ⓘ'Ochre'-
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Pearceite-Polybasite Group'-
ⓘ'Pearceite-T2ac'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ'Sulfurite'-S
ⓘ'var. Arsensulfurite'-(S,As)8
ⓘ'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'-
ⓘ'UM1980-17-TeO:CuPb'-PbCu(TeO3)O
ⓘ'UM1984-21-PO:AsCu'-Cu3(PO4,AsO4)2
ⓘ'UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTe'-Cu+10Cu2+2(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
ⓘ'UM1990-09-C:Si'- β-SiC
ⓘ'UM1995-05-E:FeMn'-Fe6Mn
ⓘ'UM2000-04-E:AuCuPd'-Au0.69Pd0.23Cu0.08
ⓘ'UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt'-(Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
ⓘ'UM2000-49-S:FePdPt'-(Pt,Pd)3S2
ⓘ'UM2000-50-S:FeRh'-(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
ⓘ'UM2000-51-S:PdPt'-(Pt,Pd)3S2
ⓘ'UM2000-78-Te:Pd'-Pd2Te
ⓘ'UM2002-27-S:Rh' ?-RhS
ⓘ'UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb'-(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
ⓘ'UM2004-02-As:FePtSb'-(Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
ⓘ'UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSb'-Fe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
ⓘ'UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh'-(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
ⓘ'UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPt'-Pb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
ⓘ'UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh'-(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
ⓘ'UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS'-(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
ⓘ'UM2009-03-As:PdTe'-Pd3(As,Te)
ⓘ'UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu'-(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
ⓘ'UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt'-(Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
ⓘ'UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu'-(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
ⓘ'UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu'-(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
ⓘ'UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu'-(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
ⓘ'UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs'-(Os,Ir,Cu)3S
ⓘ'UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe'-(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
ⓘ'UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe'-(Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
ⓘ'Unnamed (Au-Telluride Sulphide)'-Au2Te4S3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide)'-Au2Te4Se3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)'-Au(Te,Se,S)
ⓘ'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide II)'-Bi2SeTe
ⓘ'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide III)'-Bi8Te3Se3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide IV)'-Bi3TeSe3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Boron Carbide)' (TL)-B4C
ⓘ'Unnamed (Cu-Ag Sulphide V)'-Ag5Cu2S5
ⓘ'Unnamed (Fe-Pt alloy)'-Fe3Pt
ⓘ'Unnamed (Fe-Si-Ti Alloy)'-Fe54Si40Ti6
ⓘ'Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)'-(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)'-PbCu(TeO3)2
ⓘ'Unnamed (Platinum Telluride)'-Pt2Te
ⓘ'Unnamed (Pt Sulphide)'-PtS
ⓘ'Unnamed (Pt-Cu Alloy)'-Pt3Cu
ⓘ'Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)'-(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
ⓘ'Unnamed (Rhodium Sulfide)'-Rh3S4
ⓘ'Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)'-(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
ⓘ'Unnamed (Se Telluride)'-Se3Te2
ⓘ'Unnamed (Se-analogue of Pavonite)'-AgBi3Se5

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Hⓘ AvdoniniteK2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Hⓘ KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Hⓘ ChlorartiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Hⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Hⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Hⓘ RomanorloviteK8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Hⓘ FeodosiyiteCu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Hⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Hⓘ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Hⓘ CryobostryxiteKZnCl3 · 2H2O
Hⓘ KalithalliteK3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ DioskouriiteCaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Hⓘ PilipenkoiteKCu(AsO4) · H2O
Hⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Hⓘ KarpoviteTl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Hⓘ EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Hⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Hⓘ IceH2O
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Hⓘ YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Hⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Hⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
Hⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Hⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Hⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Hⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Hⓘ BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Hⓘ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ CadwaladeriteAl5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
Hⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Hⓘ BelloiteCu(OH)Cl
Hⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Hⓘ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Hⓘ NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
Hⓘ DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Hⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Hⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
Hⓘ VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Hⓘ MitscherlichiteK2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Hⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ MercalliteKHSO4
Hⓘ LeonardseniteMgAlF5 · 2H2O
Hⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Hⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
Hⓘ AntofagastaiteNa2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Hⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Hⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Hydrogoethite3Fe2O3 · 4H2O
Hⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Hⓘ MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2O
Hⓘ Bobjonesite(V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
Hⓘ XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Hⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Hⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Hⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Hⓘ CarpathiteC24H12
Hⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
BBoron
Bⓘ Unnamed (Boron Carbide)B4C
Bⓘ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Bⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Bⓘ ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2
Bⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Bⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Bⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
Bⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Bⓘ YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Bⓘ FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
CCarbon
Cⓘ Unnamed (Boron Carbide)B4C
Cⓘ ChlorartiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Cⓘ DiamondC
Cⓘ MoissaniteSiC
Cⓘ Diamond var. CarbonadoC
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ UM1990-09-C:Si β-SiC
Cⓘ QusongiteWC
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ CoheniteFe3C
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Cⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Cⓘ NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
Cⓘ DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Cⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Cⓘ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Cⓘ CarpathiteC24H12
Cⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
NNitrogen
Nⓘ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Nⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Nⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
OOxygen
Oⓘ BalyakiniteCu(TeO3)
Oⓘ ShcherbinaiteV25+O5
Oⓘ SofiiteZn2(SeO3)Cl2
Oⓘ Pauflerite(V4+O)SO4
Oⓘ ParalammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Oⓘ PseudolyonsiteCu3(VO4)2
Oⓘ VergasovaiteCu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
Oⓘ AlarsiteAlAsO4
Oⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Oⓘ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Oⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Oⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Oⓘ GeorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Oⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Oⓘ AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
Oⓘ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Oⓘ StarovaiteKCu5O(VO4)3
Oⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Oⓘ CoparsiteCu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Oⓘ KamchatkiteKCu3(SO4)2OCl
Oⓘ AvdoniniteK2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Oⓘ CupromolybditeCu3O(MoO4)2
Oⓘ CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3
Oⓘ YaroshevskiteCu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
Oⓘ StekliteKAl(SO4)2
Oⓘ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Oⓘ KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Oⓘ KainotropiteCu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
Oⓘ BorisenkoiteCu3[(V,As)O4]2
Oⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Oⓘ ZincobradaczekiteNaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Oⓘ BelousoviteKZn(SO4)Cl
Oⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Oⓘ DokuchaeviteCu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
Oⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Oⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Oⓘ MetathénarditeNa2SO4
Oⓘ ChlorartiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Oⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Oⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Oⓘ AllochalcoseliteCu+PbCu52+(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Oⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Oⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Oⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Oⓘ ParageorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Oⓘ BradaczekiteNaCu4(AsO4)3
Oⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Oⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Oⓘ GrigorieviteCu3Fe23+Al2(VO4)6
Oⓘ LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Oⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Oⓘ NicksoboleviteCu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
Oⓘ WrightiteK2Al2O(AsO4)2
Oⓘ OzerovaiteNa2KAl3(AsO4)4
Oⓘ PetroviteNa12Cu2(SO4)8
Oⓘ DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3
Oⓘ ChloromeniteCu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
Oⓘ UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)O
Oⓘ PliniusiteCa5(VO4)3F
Oⓘ RomanorloviteK8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Oⓘ PuniniteNa2Cu3O(SO4)3
Oⓘ FeodosiyiteCu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Oⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Oⓘ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Oⓘ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Oⓘ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Oⓘ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Oⓘ Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
Oⓘ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Oⓘ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Oⓘ ZincomeniteZnSeO3
Oⓘ CryobostryxiteKZnCl3 · 2H2O
Oⓘ KalithalliteK3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ KoksharoviteCaMg2Fe43+(VO4)6
Oⓘ ZiminaiteFe3+ 6 (VO4)6
Oⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Oⓘ KarlditmariteCu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
Oⓘ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Oⓘ EriclaxmaniteCu4O(AsO4)2
Oⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Oⓘ PopoviteCu5O2(AsO4)2
Oⓘ KozyrevskiteCu4O(AsO4)2
Oⓘ ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Oⓘ DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Oⓘ KononoviteNaMg(SO4)F
Oⓘ PharmazinciteKZnAsO4
Oⓘ ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2
Oⓘ KatiarsiteKTiO(AsO4)
Oⓘ MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Oⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Oⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Oⓘ ArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)F
Oⓘ DravertiteCuMg(SO4)2
Oⓘ CryptochalciteK2Cu5O(SO4)5
Oⓘ VasilseverginiteCu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
Oⓘ Eleomelanite(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Oⓘ DioskouriiteCaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Oⓘ CesiodymiteCsKCu5O(SO4)5
Oⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Oⓘ RyabchikoviteCuMgSi2O6
Oⓘ BadaloviteNa2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Oⓘ ArsenatrotitaniteNaTi(AsO4)O
Oⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Oⓘ CalciojohilleriteNaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Oⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Oⓘ MilkovoiteCu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
Oⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Oⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Oⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Oⓘ KhrenoviteNa3Fe23+(AsO4)3
Oⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Oⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Oⓘ ParaberzeliiteNaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Oⓘ ZubkovaiteCa3Cu3(AsO4)4
Oⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Oⓘ ElasmochloiteNa3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Oⓘ ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4
Oⓘ UdinaiteNaMg4(VO4)3
Oⓘ ArsenudinaiteNaMg4(AsO4)3
Oⓘ Natroaphthitalite KNa3(SO4)2
Oⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Oⓘ GlikiniteZn3O(SO4)2
Oⓘ NishanbaeviteKAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Oⓘ YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Oⓘ FerrisanidineK[Fe3+Si3O8]
Oⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Oⓘ EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)F
Oⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Oⓘ CalciohatertiteNaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Oⓘ MagganasiteCuFe33+O(AsO4)3
Oⓘ ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)F
Oⓘ PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Oⓘ PilipenkoiteKCu(AsO4) · H2O
Oⓘ BakakiniteCa2V2O7
Oⓘ CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3
Oⓘ AntipoviteCu5O2(PO4)2
Oⓘ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Oⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Oⓘ PonomareviteK4Cu4Cl10O
Oⓘ MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2
Oⓘ KarpoviteTl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Oⓘ EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Oⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Oⓘ IceH2O
Oⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Oⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
Oⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Oⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Oⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Oⓘ K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ UM1980-17-TeO:CuPbPbCu(TeO3)O
Oⓘ Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)PbCu(TeO3)2
Oⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Oⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Oⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Oⓘ ChlorothioniteK2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Oⓘ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Oⓘ BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Oⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Oⓘ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Oⓘ LyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Oⓘ Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Oⓘ YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Oⓘ CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11
Oⓘ GrossiteCaAl4O7
Oⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Oⓘ TistariteTi23+O3
Oⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Oⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Oⓘ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Oⓘ TenoriteCuO
Oⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite(Pb,Cu)SO4
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ TelluriteTeO2
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oⓘ CadwaladeriteAl5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
Oⓘ LammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Oⓘ LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)3
Oⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Oⓘ UM1984-21-PO:AsCuCu3(PO4,AsO4)2
Oⓘ Schäferite(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Oⓘ Ziesiteβ-Cu2(V2O7)
Oⓘ Blossiteα-Cu2(V2O7)
Oⓘ FingeriteCu11(VO4)6O2
Oⓘ Bannermanite(Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
Oⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Oⓘ BelloiteCu(OH)Cl
Oⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Oⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Oⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Oⓘ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ McbirneyiteCu3(VO4)2
Oⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile(Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
Oⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing OrthoclaseKAl(Si,As)3O8
Oⓘ MelanothalliteCu2Cl2O
Oⓘ ZinciteZnO
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
Oⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Oⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Oⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Oⓘ NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
Oⓘ DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Oⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Oⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Oⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Oⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Oⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
Oⓘ MolybdomenitePbSeO3
Oⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Oⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Oⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Oⓘ VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Oⓘ IndialiteMg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Oⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Oⓘ SvabiteCa5(AsO4)3F
Oⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MitscherlichiteK2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Oⓘ VanthoffiteNa6Mg(SO4)4
Oⓘ GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Oⓘ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Oⓘ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe2O4
Oⓘ BunseniteNiO
Oⓘ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Oⓘ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Oⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Oⓘ KrasnogoriteWO3
Oⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MercalliteKHSO4
Oⓘ MolybditeMoO3
Oⓘ ParatelluriteTeO2
Oⓘ TantiteTa2O5
Oⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Oⓘ LeonardseniteMgAlF5 · 2H2O
Oⓘ OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
Oⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Oⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Oⓘ TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)F
Oⓘ FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
Oⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Oⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ ZincochromiteZnCr2O4
Oⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Oⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ AntofagastaiteNa2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Oⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Oⓘ Berzeliite(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Oⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Oⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Oⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ RooseveltiteBi(AsO4)
Oⓘ SenarmontiteSb2O3
Oⓘ Hydrogoethite3Fe2O3 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Rutile var. Vanadium-bearing Rutile(Ti,V)O2
Oⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
Oⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Oⓘ MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2O
Oⓘ Bobjonesite(V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
Oⓘ Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Oⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Oⓘ Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Oⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Oⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Oⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
FFluorine
Fⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Fⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Fⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Fⓘ PliniusiteCa5(VO4)3F
Fⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Fⓘ KononoviteNaMg(SO4)F
Fⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Fⓘ ArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)F
Fⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Fⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Fⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Fⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Fⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Fⓘ EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)F
Fⓘ ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)F
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Fⓘ MalladriteNa2[SiF6]
Fⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Fⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Fⓘ SvabiteCa5(AsO4)3F
Fⓘ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
Fⓘ JakobssoniteCaAlF5
Fⓘ LeonardseniteMgAlF5 · 2H2O
Fⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Fⓘ TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)F
Fⓘ FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
Fⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Fⓘ YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Fⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Naⓘ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Naⓘ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Naⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Naⓘ ZincobradaczekiteNaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Naⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Naⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Naⓘ MetathénarditeNa2SO4
Naⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Naⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Naⓘ BradaczekiteNaCu4(AsO4)3
Naⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Naⓘ OzerovaiteNa2KAl3(AsO4)4
Naⓘ PetroviteNa12Cu2(SO4)8
Naⓘ DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3
Naⓘ PuniniteNa2Cu3O(SO4)3
Naⓘ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Naⓘ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Naⓘ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Naⓘ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Naⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Naⓘ KononoviteNaMg(SO4)F
Naⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Naⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Naⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Naⓘ BadaloviteNa2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Naⓘ ArsenatrotitaniteNaTi(AsO4)O
Naⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Naⓘ CalciojohilleriteNaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Naⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Naⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Naⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Naⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Naⓘ KhrenoviteNa3Fe23+(AsO4)3
Naⓘ ParaberzeliiteNaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Naⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Naⓘ ElasmochloiteNa3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Naⓘ UdinaiteNaMg4(VO4)3
Naⓘ ArsenudinaiteNaMg4(AsO4)3
Naⓘ Natroaphthitalite KNa3(SO4)2
Naⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Naⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Naⓘ EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)F
Naⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Naⓘ CalciohatertiteNaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Naⓘ CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3
Naⓘ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Naⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ MalladriteNa2[SiF6]
Naⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Naⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Naⓘ Schäferite(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Naⓘ Bannermanite(Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
Naⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Naⓘ NatriteNa2CO3
Naⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Naⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Naⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Naⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Naⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Naⓘ VanthoffiteNa6Mg(SO4)4
Naⓘ GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Naⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Naⓘ SaltonseaiteK3NaMnCl6
Naⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Naⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Naⓘ AntofagastaiteNa2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Naⓘ LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Naⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Berzeliite(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Naⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Naⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Mgⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Mgⓘ ChlorartiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Mgⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Mgⓘ FeodosiyiteCu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Mgⓘ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Mgⓘ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ KoksharoviteCaMg2Fe43+(VO4)6
Mgⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Mgⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Mgⓘ KononoviteNaMg(SO4)F
Mgⓘ ArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)F
Mgⓘ DravertiteCuMg(SO4)2
Mgⓘ RyabchikoviteCuMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ BadaloviteNa2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Mgⓘ CalciojohilleriteNaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Mgⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Mgⓘ ParaberzeliiteNaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Mgⓘ UdinaiteNaMg4(VO4)3
Mgⓘ ArsenudinaiteNaMg4(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Mgⓘ EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)F
Mgⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)F
Mgⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Mgⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Mgⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Mgⓘ YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)3
Mgⓘ Schäferite(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Mgⓘ NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
Mgⓘ DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Mgⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Mgⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Mgⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ IndialiteMg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Mgⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Mgⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Mgⓘ VanthoffiteNa6Mg(SO4)4
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Mgⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mgⓘ LeonardseniteMgAlF5 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Mgⓘ TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)F
Mgⓘ FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3
Mgⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Mgⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Mgⓘ YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Mgⓘ Berzeliite(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Mgⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Mgⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlarsiteAlAsO4
Alⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Alⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Alⓘ StekliteKAl(SO4)2
Alⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Alⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Alⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Alⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Alⓘ GrigorieviteCu3Fe23+Al2(VO4)6
Alⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Alⓘ WrightiteK2Al2O(AsO4)2
Alⓘ OzerovaiteNa2KAl3(AsO4)4
Alⓘ UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)O
Alⓘ Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
Alⓘ DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Alⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Alⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Alⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Alⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Alⓘ ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4
Alⓘ NishanbaeviteKAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Alⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Alⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Alⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Alⓘ K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ AluminiumAl
Alⓘ YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Alⓘ CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11
Alⓘ GrossiteCaAl4O7
Alⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Alⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ CadwaladeriteAl5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
Alⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing OrthoclaseKAl(Si,As)3O8
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Alⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Alⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Alⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Alⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Alⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Alⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Alⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Alⓘ IndialiteMg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Alⓘ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Alⓘ JakobssoniteCaAlF5
Alⓘ LeonardseniteMgAlF5 · 2H2O
Alⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Alⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Alⓘ ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Alⓘ HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Siⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Siⓘ RyabchikoviteCuMgSi2O6
Siⓘ FerrisanidineK[Fe3+Si3O8]
Siⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Siⓘ MoissaniteSiC
Siⓘ Unnamed (Fe-Si-Ti Alloy)Fe54Si40Ti6
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SiliconSi
Siⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ UM1990-09-C:Si β-SiC
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Siⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Siⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Siⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Siⓘ K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Siⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Siⓘ MalladriteNa2[SiF6]
Siⓘ Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing OrthoclaseKAl(Si,As)3O8
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Siⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Siⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Siⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Siⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ IndialiteMg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Siⓘ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Siⓘ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
Siⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Siⓘ LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Siⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Siⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Siⓘ Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ LuobusaiteFe0.84Si2
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ KarlditmariteCu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
Pⓘ MilkovoiteCu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
Pⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Pⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Pⓘ PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Pⓘ AntipoviteCu5O2(PO4)2
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Pⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ UM1984-21-PO:AsCuCu3(PO4,AsO4)2
Pⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Pⓘ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Pⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
SSulfur
Sⓘ Pauflerite(V4+O)SO4
Sⓘ VergasovaiteCu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
Sⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Sⓘ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Sⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Sⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Sⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Sⓘ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Sⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Sⓘ KamchatkiteKCu3(SO4)2OCl
Sⓘ CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3
Sⓘ StekliteKAl(SO4)2
Sⓘ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Sⓘ KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Sⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Sⓘ BelousoviteKZn(SO4)Cl
Sⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Sⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Sⓘ MetathénarditeNa2SO4
Sⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Sⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Sⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Sⓘ PetroviteNa12Cu2(SO4)8
Sⓘ DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3
Sⓘ PuniniteNa2Cu3O(SO4)3
Sⓘ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Sⓘ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Sⓘ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Sⓘ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Sⓘ KarlditmariteCu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
Sⓘ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Sⓘ KononoviteNaMg(SO4)F
Sⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Sⓘ DravertiteCuMg(SO4)2
Sⓘ CryptochalciteK2Cu5O(SO4)5
Sⓘ VasilseverginiteCu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
Sⓘ Eleomelanite(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Sⓘ CesiodymiteCsKCu5O(SO4)5
Sⓘ ElasmochloiteNa3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Sⓘ Natroaphthitalite KNa3(SO4)2
Sⓘ GlikiniteZn3O(SO4)2
Sⓘ NishanbaeviteKAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Sⓘ CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3
Sⓘ AlacrániteAs8S9
Sⓘ UzoniteAs4S5
Sⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Sⓘ Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Sⓘ TolstykhiteAu3S4Te6
Sⓘ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Sⓘ MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2
Sⓘ KarpoviteTl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Sⓘ EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Sⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Sⓘ Sulfurite var. Arsensulfurite(S,As)8
Sⓘ SulfuriteS
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Sⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Sⓘ JalpaiteAg3CuS2
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MatilditeAgBiS2
Sⓘ Pearceite[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Sⓘ Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Sⓘ ProustiteAg3AsS3
Sⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Sⓘ SternbergiteAgFe2S3
Sⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ StephaniteAg5SbS4
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ CinnabarHgS
Sⓘ LenaiteAgFeS2
Sⓘ AguilariteAg4SeS
Sⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Ag Sulphide V)Ag5Cu2S5
Sⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
Sⓘ PetrovskaiteAuAgS
Sⓘ SkinneriteCu3SbS3
Sⓘ SpryiteAg8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ UytenbogaardtiteAg3AuS2
Sⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Sⓘ Goldfieldite(Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S
Sⓘ IdaiteCu5FeS6
Sⓘ FamatiniteCu3SbS4
Sⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing GalenaPb(S,Se)
Sⓘ SulphurS8
Sⓘ ChlorothioniteK2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Sⓘ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Sⓘ BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Sⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Sⓘ BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
Sⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Sⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Sⓘ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Sⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite(Pb,Cu)SO4
Sⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Sⓘ HemusiteCu6SnMoS8
Sⓘ EnargiteCu3AsS4
Sⓘ RealgarAs4S4
Sⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sⓘ Gray copper oreCu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Sⓘ LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)3
Sⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Sⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Sⓘ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Sⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Sⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Sⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Sⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
Sⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Sⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Sⓘ VanthoffiteNa6Mg(SO4)4
Sⓘ GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Sⓘ CooperitePtS
Sⓘ LauriteRuS2
Sⓘ ErlichmaniteOsS2
Sⓘ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Sⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Sⓘ UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Sⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Sⓘ UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Sⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Sⓘ UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Sⓘ UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Sⓘ UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir,Cu)3S
Sⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Sⓘ MercalliteKHSO4
Sⓘ RheniiteReS2
Sⓘ OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
Sⓘ AntofagastaiteNa2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Sⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Sⓘ MetacinnabarHgS
Sⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sⓘ StibniteSb2S3
Sⓘ PararealgarAs4S4
Sⓘ MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
Sⓘ InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Sⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Sⓘ PlatarsitePtAsS
Sⓘ BowieiteRh2S3
Sⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Sⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Sⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Sⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Sⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Sⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Sⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Sⓘ Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsS
Sⓘ StromeyeriteAgCuS
Sⓘ UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe(Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
Sⓘ KashiniteIr2S3
Sⓘ VysotskitePdS
Sⓘ WatanabeiteCu4(As,Sb)2S5
Sⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride Sulphide)Au2Te4S3
Sⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)Au(Te,Se,S)
Sⓘ LuzoniteCu3AsS4
Sⓘ Stibiogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu2+)(Sb2Te2)S12S
Sⓘ Tennantite-(Cu)Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ AikinitePbCuBiS3
Sⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Sⓘ GeeriteCu8S5
Sⓘ MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Sⓘ StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Sⓘ WitticheniteCu3BiS3
Sⓘ Vasilite(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
Sⓘ Unnamed (Pt Sulphide)PtS
Sⓘ UM2000-49-S:FePdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
Sⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Sⓘ UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPtPtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Sⓘ UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt(Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
Sⓘ UM2000-50-S:FeRh(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Sⓘ UM2000-51-S:PdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
Sⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Sⓘ MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2O
Sⓘ Bobjonesite(V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
Sⓘ TungsteniteWS2
Sⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Sⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Sⓘ Malanite var. Cobalt-bearing MalaniteCu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
Sⓘ Unnamed (Rhodium Sulfide)Rh3S4
Sⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ MckinstryiteAg5-xCu3+xS4
Sⓘ BonazziiteAs4S4
Sⓘ UM2002-27-S:RhRhS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ SofiiteZn2(SeO3)Cl2
Clⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Clⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Clⓘ GeorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Clⓘ AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
Clⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Clⓘ CoparsiteCu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Clⓘ KamchatkiteKCu3(SO4)2OCl
Clⓘ AvdoniniteK2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Clⓘ YaroshevskiteCu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
Clⓘ BelousoviteKZn(SO4)Cl
Clⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Clⓘ DokuchaeviteCu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
Clⓘ ChlorartiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O
Clⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Clⓘ AllochalcoseliteCu+PbCu52+(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Clⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Clⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Clⓘ ParageorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Clⓘ LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Clⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Clⓘ NicksoboleviteCu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
Clⓘ ChloromeniteCu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
Clⓘ MellizinkaliteK3Zn2Cl7
Clⓘ RomanorloviteK8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Clⓘ SanguiteKCuCl3
Clⓘ FeodosiyiteCu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Clⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Clⓘ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Clⓘ FlinteiteK2ZnCl4
Clⓘ CryobostryxiteKZnCl3 · 2H2O
Clⓘ KalithalliteK3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Clⓘ ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2
Clⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Clⓘ DioskouriiteCaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Clⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Clⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Clⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Clⓘ PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Clⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Clⓘ PonomareviteK4Cu4Cl10O
Clⓘ TolbachiteCuCl2
Clⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Clⓘ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Clⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Clⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Clⓘ ChlorothioniteK2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Clⓘ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Clⓘ ZunyiteAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl
Clⓘ CadwaladeriteAl5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O)
Clⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Clⓘ BelloiteCu(OH)Cl
Clⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Clⓘ MelanothalliteCu2Cl2O
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Clⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Clⓘ MitscherlichiteK2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Clⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Clⓘ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Clⓘ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Clⓘ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Clⓘ SaltonseaiteK3NaMnCl6
Clⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Kⓘ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Kⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Kⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Kⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Kⓘ StarovaiteKCu5O(VO4)3
Kⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Kⓘ KamchatkiteKCu3(SO4)2OCl
Kⓘ AvdoniniteK2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Kⓘ CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3
Kⓘ StekliteKAl(SO4)2
Kⓘ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Kⓘ KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Kⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Kⓘ BelousoviteKZn(SO4)Cl
Kⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Kⓘ KoryakiteNaKMg2Al2(SO4)6
Kⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Kⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Kⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Kⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Kⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Kⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Kⓘ WrightiteK2Al2O(AsO4)2
Kⓘ OzerovaiteNa2KAl3(AsO4)4
Kⓘ MellizinkaliteK3Zn2Cl7
Kⓘ RomanorloviteK8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Kⓘ SanguiteKCuCl3
Kⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Kⓘ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Kⓘ FlinteiteK2ZnCl4
Kⓘ CryobostryxiteKZnCl3 · 2H2O
Kⓘ KalithalliteK3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Kⓘ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Kⓘ ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Kⓘ DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Kⓘ PharmazinciteKZnAsO4
Kⓘ ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2
Kⓘ KatiarsiteKTiO(AsO4)
Kⓘ MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Kⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Kⓘ CryptochalciteK2Cu5O(SO4)5
Kⓘ Eleomelanite(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Kⓘ CesiodymiteCsKCu5O(SO4)5
Kⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Kⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Kⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Kⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Kⓘ Natroaphthitalite KNa3(SO4)2
Kⓘ NishanbaeviteKAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Kⓘ YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Kⓘ FerrisanidineK[Fe3+Si3O8]
Kⓘ PilipenkoiteKCu(AsO4) · H2O
Kⓘ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Kⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Kⓘ PonomareviteK4Cu4Cl10O
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Kⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Kⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Kⓘ K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ ChlorothioniteK2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Kⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Kⓘ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)3
Kⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Kⓘ Bannermanite(Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
Kⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Kⓘ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Kⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing OrthoclaseKAl(Si,As)3O8
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2
Kⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Kⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Kⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Kⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Kⓘ MitscherlichiteK2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Kⓘ KainiteKMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O
Kⓘ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Kⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Kⓘ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
Kⓘ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Kⓘ MercalliteKHSO4
Kⓘ SaltonseaiteK3NaMnCl6
Kⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
Kⓘ EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10
Kⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Kⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Kⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3
Caⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Caⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Caⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Caⓘ MeniayloviteCa4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O
Caⓘ KrasheninnikoviteKNa2CaMg(SO4)3F
Caⓘ VlodavetsiteAlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O
Caⓘ DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3
Caⓘ PliniusiteCa5(VO4)3F
Caⓘ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Caⓘ KoksharoviteCaMg2Fe43+(VO4)6
Caⓘ ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Caⓘ ShuvaloviteK2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F
Caⓘ DioskouriiteCaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Caⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Caⓘ CalciojohilleriteNaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Caⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Caⓘ ParaberzeliiteNaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Caⓘ ZubkovaiteCa3Cu3(AsO4)4
Caⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Caⓘ CalciohatertiteNaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Caⓘ ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)F
Caⓘ BakakiniteCa2V2O7
Caⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Caⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Caⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Caⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Caⓘ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Caⓘ Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ GrossiteCaAl4O7
Caⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ Schäferite(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Caⓘ Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Caⓘ SvabiteCa5(AsO4)3F
Caⓘ GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Caⓘ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caⓘ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Caⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Caⓘ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Caⓘ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Caⓘ JakobssoniteCaAlF5
Caⓘ UM1941-01-F:AlCaHMgNaNaCaMgAl3F14 · 4H2O
Caⓘ TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)F
Caⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Caⓘ AntofagastaiteNa2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Caⓘ Berzeliite(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Caⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Caⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Caⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Caⓘ Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Caⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Caⓘ Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ KatiarsiteKTiO(AsO4)
Tiⓘ ArsenatrotitaniteNaTi(AsO4)O
Tiⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Tiⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Tiⓘ YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Tiⓘ Unnamed (Fe-Si-Ti Alloy)Fe54Si40Ti6
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Tiⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Tiⓘ CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11
Tiⓘ TistariteTi23+O3
Tiⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Tiⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Tiⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile(Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe2O4
Tiⓘ Rutile var. Vanadium-bearing Rutile(Ti,V)O2
Tiⓘ TitaniumTi
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
VVanadium
Vⓘ ShcherbinaiteV25+O5
Vⓘ Pauflerite(V4+O)SO4
Vⓘ PseudolyonsiteCu3(VO4)2
Vⓘ AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
Vⓘ StarovaiteKCu5O(VO4)3
Vⓘ CoparsiteCu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Vⓘ YaroshevskiteCu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
Vⓘ KainotropiteCu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
Vⓘ BorisenkoiteCu3[(V,As)O4]2
Vⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Vⓘ DokuchaeviteCu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
Vⓘ GrigorieviteCu3Fe23+Al2(VO4)6
Vⓘ LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Vⓘ PliniusiteCa5(VO4)3F
Vⓘ KoksharoviteCaMg2Fe43+(VO4)6
Vⓘ ZiminaiteFe3+ 6 (VO4)6
Vⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Vⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Vⓘ UdinaiteNaMg4(VO4)3
Vⓘ ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)F
Vⓘ BakakiniteCa2V2O7
Vⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Vⓘ KarpoviteTl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Vⓘ EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Vⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Vⓘ LyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Vⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Vⓘ Schäferite(NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3
Vⓘ Ziesiteβ-Cu2(V2O7)
Vⓘ Blossiteα-Cu2(V2O7)
Vⓘ FingeriteCu11(VO4)6O2
Vⓘ Bannermanite(Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15
Vⓘ McbirneyiteCu3(VO4)2
Vⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Vⓘ VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Vⓘ Rutile var. Vanadium-bearing Rutile(Ti,V)O2
Vⓘ Bobjonesite(V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O
CrChromium
Crⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Crⓘ ZincochromiteZnCr2O4
Crⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
MnManganese
Mnⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Mnⓘ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Mnⓘ ManganeseMn
Mnⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Mnⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Mnⓘ UM1995-05-E:FeMnFe6Mn
Mnⓘ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mnⓘ SaltonseaiteK3NaMnCl6
Mnⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Mnⓘ MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2O
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
FeIron
Feⓘ Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Feⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Feⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Feⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Feⓘ KainotropiteCu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
Feⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Feⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Feⓘ GrigorieviteCu3Fe23+Al2(VO4)6
Feⓘ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Feⓘ KoksharoviteCaMg2Fe43+(VO4)6
Feⓘ ZiminaiteFe3+ 6 (VO4)6
Feⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Feⓘ MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Feⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Feⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Feⓘ BadaloviteNa2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Feⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Feⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Feⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Feⓘ KhrenoviteNa3Fe23+(AsO4)3
Feⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Feⓘ FerrisanidineK[Fe3+Si3O8]
Feⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Feⓘ CalciohatertiteNaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Feⓘ MagganasiteCuFe33+O(AsO4)3
Feⓘ PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Feⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Feⓘ Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Feⓘ Hexaferrum(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Feⓘ SidoroviteFe3Pt
Feⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ IronFe
Feⓘ LöllingiteFeAs2
Feⓘ Unnamed (Fe-Si-Ti Alloy)Fe54Si40Ti6
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Feⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Feⓘ Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe23+Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]
Feⓘ YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ SternbergiteAgFe2S3
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ LenaiteAgFeS2
Feⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Feⓘ IdaiteCu5FeS6
Feⓘ BabingtoniteCa2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH)
Feⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Feⓘ LyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Feⓘ CoheniteFe3C
Feⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Feⓘ YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)
Feⓘ Gray copper oreCu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feⓘ UM1995-05-E:FeMnFe6Mn
Feⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Feⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile(Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
Feⓘ TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
Feⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Feⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Feⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Feⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Feⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Feⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt(Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
Feⓘ UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Feⓘ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Feⓘ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Feⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe2O4
Feⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Feⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Feⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2
Feⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Feⓘ Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Feⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Feⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Feⓘ UM2004-02-As:FePtSb(Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
Feⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Feⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Feⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Feⓘ Hydrogoethite3Fe2O3 · 4H2O
Feⓘ OregoniteNi2FeAs2
Feⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Feⓘ Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Feⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)(Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
Feⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Feⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)(Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
Feⓘ MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Feⓘ StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Feⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Feⓘ UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPtPtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Feⓘ UM2000-50-S:FeRh(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Feⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
Feⓘ Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Feⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Feⓘ Unnamed (Fe-Pt alloy)Fe3Pt
Feⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ WairauiteCoFe
Feⓘ LuobusaiteFe0.84Si2
CoCobalt
Coⓘ Malanite var. Cobalt-bearing MalaniteCu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
Coⓘ WairauiteCoFe
NiNickel
Niⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Niⓘ NickelNi
Niⓘ Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Niⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Niⓘ UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt(Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
Niⓘ BunseniteNiO
Niⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Niⓘ OregoniteNi2FeAs2
Niⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Niⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
CuCopper
Cuⓘ BalyakiniteCu(TeO3)
Cuⓘ Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Cuⓘ BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2
Cuⓘ Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Cuⓘ ParalammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Cuⓘ PseudolyonsiteCu3(VO4)2
Cuⓘ VergasovaiteCu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
Cuⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Cuⓘ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Cuⓘ KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
Cuⓘ PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
Cuⓘ GeorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Cuⓘ AlumoklyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2
Cuⓘ AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
Cuⓘ StarovaiteKCu5O(VO4)3
Cuⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Cuⓘ CoparsiteCu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Cuⓘ KamchatkiteKCu3(SO4)2OCl
Cuⓘ AvdoniniteK2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O
Cuⓘ CupromolybditeCu3O(MoO4)2
Cuⓘ YaroshevskiteCu9O2(VO4)4Cl2
Cuⓘ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Cuⓘ KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]
Cuⓘ KainotropiteCu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4)
Cuⓘ BorisenkoiteCu3[(V,As)O4]2
Cuⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Cuⓘ ZincobradaczekiteNaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Cuⓘ DokuchaeviteCu8O2(VO4)3Cl3
Cuⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Cuⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ AllochalcoseliteCu+PbCu52+(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Cuⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Cuⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Cuⓘ ParageorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Cuⓘ BradaczekiteNaCu4(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ GrigorieviteCu3Fe23+Al2(VO4)6
Cuⓘ LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Cuⓘ NicksoboleviteCu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
Cuⓘ PetroviteNa12Cu2(SO4)8
Cuⓘ ChloromeniteCu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
Cuⓘ UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)O
Cuⓘ RomanorloviteK8Cu6Cl17(OH)3
Cuⓘ SanguiteKCuCl3
Cuⓘ PuniniteNa2Cu3O(SO4)3
Cuⓘ FeodosiyiteCu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O
Cuⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Cuⓘ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Cuⓘ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Cuⓘ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Cuⓘ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Cuⓘ KarlditmariteCu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2
Cuⓘ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Cuⓘ EriclaxmaniteCu4O(AsO4)2
Cuⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Cuⓘ PopoviteCu5O2(AsO4)2
Cuⓘ KozyrevskiteCu4O(AsO4)2
Cuⓘ ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Cuⓘ DravertiteCuMg(SO4)2
Cuⓘ CryptochalciteK2Cu5O(SO4)5
Cuⓘ VasilseverginiteCu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
Cuⓘ Eleomelanite(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Cuⓘ DioskouriiteCaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O
Cuⓘ CesiodymiteCsKCu5O(SO4)5
Cuⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ RyabchikoviteCuMgSi2O6
Cuⓘ MilkovoiteCu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
Cuⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Cuⓘ ZubkovaiteCa3Cu3(AsO4)4
Cuⓘ ElasmochloiteNa3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Cuⓘ ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4
Cuⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Cuⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Cuⓘ MagganasiteCuFe33+O(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3
Cuⓘ PilipenkoiteKCu(AsO4) · H2O
Cuⓘ CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3
Cuⓘ AntipoviteCu5O2(PO4)2
Cuⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Cuⓘ Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Cuⓘ PonomareviteK4Cu4Cl10O
Cuⓘ TolbachiteCuCl2
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Cuⓘ JalpaiteAg3CuS2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ Pearceite[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Cuⓘ Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Ag Sulphide V)Ag5Cu2S5
Cuⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ SkinneriteCu3SbS3
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ Goldfieldite(Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S
Cuⓘ KostoviteCuAuTe4
Cuⓘ UM1980-17-TeO:CuPbPbCu(TeO3)O
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)PbCu(TeO3)2
Cuⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
Cuⓘ IdaiteCu5FeS6
Cuⓘ FamatiniteCu3SbS4
Cuⓘ CopperCu
Cuⓘ α-BrassCu3Zn
Cuⓘ ChlorothioniteK2Cu(SO4)Cl2
Cuⓘ BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Cuⓘ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Cuⓘ LyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Cuⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Cuⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Cuⓘ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Cuⓘ TenoriteCuO
Cuⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite(Pb,Cu)SO4
Cuⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Cuⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Cuⓘ HemusiteCu6SnMoS8
Cuⓘ EnargiteCu3AsS4
Cuⓘ VulcaniteCuTe
Cuⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuⓘ Gray copper oreCu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ LammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Cuⓘ UM1984-21-PO:AsCuCu3(PO4,AsO4)2
Cuⓘ Ziesiteβ-Cu2(V2O7)
Cuⓘ Blossiteα-Cu2(V2O7)
Cuⓘ FingeriteCu11(VO4)6O2
Cuⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Cuⓘ BelloiteCu(OH)Cl
Cuⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Cuⓘ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Cuⓘ McbirneyiteCu3(VO4)2
Cuⓘ MelanothalliteCu2Cl2O
Cuⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Cuⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cuⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Cuⓘ AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
Cuⓘ VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cuⓘ MitscherlichiteK2CuCl4 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Cuⓘ CuprostibiteCu2(Sb,Tl)
Cuⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Cuⓘ Tetra-auricuprideAuCu
Cuⓘ UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Cuⓘ UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Cuⓘ UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir,Cu)3S
Cuⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Cuⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Cuⓘ LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10
Cuⓘ MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
Cuⓘ InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Cuⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Cuⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Cuⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Cuⓘ StromeyeriteAgCuS
Cuⓘ UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe(Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
Cuⓘ WatanabeiteCu4(As,Sb)2S5
Cuⓘ LuzoniteCu3AsS4
Cuⓘ Stibiogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu2+)(Sb2Te2)S12S
Cuⓘ Tennantite-(Cu)Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S
Cuⓘ AikinitePbCuBiS3
Cuⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Cuⓘ GeeriteCu8S5
Cuⓘ MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Cuⓘ StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Cuⓘ WitticheniteCu3BiS3
Cuⓘ ZhanghengiteCuZn
Cuⓘ Vasilite(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
Cuⓘ HongshiitePtCu
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Cu Alloy)Pt3Cu
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Cuⓘ UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPtPtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Cuⓘ UM2000-04-E:AuCuPdAu0.69Pd0.23Cu0.08
Cuⓘ UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt(Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
Cuⓘ UM2000-50-S:FeRh(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Cuⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
Cuⓘ TomamaeiteCu3Pt
Cuⓘ Malanite var. Cobalt-bearing MalaniteCu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
Cuⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Cuⓘ MckinstryiteAg5-xCu3+xS4
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SofiiteZn2(SeO3)Cl2
Znⓘ ZincobradaczekiteNaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Znⓘ BelousoviteKZn(SO4)Cl
Znⓘ MajzlaniteK2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4
Znⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Znⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Znⓘ MellizinkaliteK3Zn2Cl7
Znⓘ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Znⓘ FlinteiteK2ZnCl4
Znⓘ ZincomeniteZnSeO3
Znⓘ CryobostryxiteKZnCl3 · 2H2O
Znⓘ PharmazinciteKZnAsO4
Znⓘ ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2
Znⓘ GlikiniteZn3O(SO4)2
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Znⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Znⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Znⓘ α-BrassCu3Zn
Znⓘ ZincZn
Znⓘ Gray copper oreCu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Znⓘ ParatacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2
Znⓘ ZinciteZnO
Znⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Znⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Znⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Znⓘ ZincochromiteZnCr2O4
Znⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Znⓘ StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Znⓘ ZhanghengiteCuZn
GeGermanium
Geⓘ ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ParalammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Asⓘ AlarsiteAlAsO4
Asⓘ CoparsiteCu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl
Asⓘ BorisenkoiteCu3[(V,As)O4]2
Asⓘ ZincobradaczekiteNaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Asⓘ HatertiteNa2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3
Asⓘ FilatoviteK(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8
Asⓘ BradaczekiteNaCu4(AsO4)3
Asⓘ WrightiteK2Al2O(AsO4)2
Asⓘ OzerovaiteNa2KAl3(AsO4)4
Asⓘ UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)O
Asⓘ EriclaxmaniteCu4O(AsO4)2
Asⓘ YurmariniteNa7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6
Asⓘ PopoviteCu5O2(AsO4)2
Asⓘ KozyrevskiteCu4O(AsO4)2
Asⓘ ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4
Asⓘ DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Asⓘ PharmazinciteKZnAsO4
Asⓘ KatiarsiteKTiO(AsO4)
Asⓘ MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4
Asⓘ ArsmiranditeNa18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5
Asⓘ ArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)F
Asⓘ VasilseverginiteCu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2
Asⓘ EdtolliteK2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4
Asⓘ BadaloviteNa2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3
Asⓘ ArsenatrotitaniteNaTi(AsO4)O
Asⓘ AnatolyiteNa6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6
Asⓘ CalciojohilleriteNaCaMg3(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Magnesiohatertite(Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3
Asⓘ MilkovoiteCu4O(PO4)(AsO4)
Asⓘ PansneriteK3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8
Asⓘ AlumoedtolliteK2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4
Asⓘ AxeliteNa14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2
Asⓘ KhrenoviteNa3Fe23+(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Asⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Asⓘ ParaberzeliiteNaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3
Asⓘ ZubkovaiteCa3Cu3(AsO4)4
Asⓘ Achyrophanite(K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5
Asⓘ ArsenudinaiteNaMg4(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Lehmannite Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5
Asⓘ NishanbaeviteKAl2O(AsO4)(SO4)
Asⓘ YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Asⓘ PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl
Asⓘ EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)F
Asⓘ ManganobadaloviteNaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3
Asⓘ CalciohatertiteNaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3
Asⓘ MagganasiteCuFe33+O(AsO4)3
Asⓘ PilipenkoiteKCu(AsO4) · H2O
Asⓘ AlacrániteAs8S9
Asⓘ UzoniteAs4S5
Asⓘ CherepanoviteRhAs
Asⓘ LöllingiteFeAs2
Asⓘ Sulfurite var. Arsensulfurite(S,As)8
Asⓘ YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Asⓘ Pearceite[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Asⓘ ProustiteAg3AsS3
Asⓘ XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ SpryiteAg8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6
Asⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Asⓘ ArsenicAs
Asⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Asⓘ EnargiteCu3AsS4
Asⓘ RealgarAs4S4
Asⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Asⓘ Gray copper oreCu6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]As4S13
Asⓘ LammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
Asⓘ UM1984-21-PO:AsCuCu3(PO4,AsO4)2
Asⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing OrthoclaseKAl(Si,As)3O8
Asⓘ JohilleriteNa(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Asⓘ SvabiteCa5(AsO4)3F
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Asⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Asⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Asⓘ UM2009-03-As:PdTePd3(As,Te)
Asⓘ UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Asⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Asⓘ UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Asⓘ TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)F
Asⓘ NickenichiteNa0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3
Asⓘ Berzeliite(NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3
Asⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Asⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Asⓘ PararealgarAs4S4
Asⓘ PlatarsitePtAsS
Asⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Asⓘ MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
Asⓘ Rhodarsenide(Rh,Pd)2As
Asⓘ PolkanoviteRh12As7
Asⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Asⓘ UM2004-02-As:FePtSb(Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
Asⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Asⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Asⓘ Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsS
Asⓘ RooseveltiteBi(AsO4)
Asⓘ WatanabeiteCu4(As,Sb)2S5
Asⓘ LuzoniteCu3AsS4
Asⓘ Tennantite-(Cu)Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S
Asⓘ OregoniteNi2FeAs2
Asⓘ BonazziiteAs4S4
SeSelenium
Seⓘ SofiiteZn2(SeO3)Cl2
Seⓘ SvetlanaiteSnSe
Seⓘ GeorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Seⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Seⓘ AllochalcoseliteCu+PbCu52+(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Seⓘ Ilinskite(Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3
Seⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Seⓘ ParageorgbokiiteCu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2
Seⓘ NicksoboleviteCu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6
Seⓘ ChloromeniteCu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6
Seⓘ ZincomeniteZnSeO3
Seⓘ MaletoyvayamiteAu3Se4Te6
Seⓘ GachingiteAu(Te1-xSex)
Seⓘ AuroselenideAuSe
Seⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
Seⓘ AguilariteAg4SeS
Seⓘ NaumanniteAg2Se
Seⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing GalenaPb(S,Se)
Seⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Seⓘ BohdanowicziteAgBiSe2
Seⓘ SkippeniteBi2TeSe2
Seⓘ Unnamed (Se-analogue of Pavonite)AgBi3Se5
Seⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide II)Bi2SeTe
Seⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide IV)Bi3TeSe3
Seⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide III)Bi8Te3Se3
Seⓘ FischesseriteAg3AuSe2
Seⓘ MolybdomenitePbSeO3
Seⓘ SeleniumSe
Seⓘ OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
Seⓘ UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe(Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
Seⓘ GuanajuatiteBi2Se3
Seⓘ TiemanniteHgSe
Seⓘ AntimonseliteSb2Se3
Seⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide)Au2Te4Se3
Seⓘ Unnamed (Se Telluride)Se3Te2
Seⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)Au(Te,Se,S)
RbRubidium
Rbⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
SrStrontium
Srⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ VergasovaiteCu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O
Moⓘ CupromolybditeCu3O(MoO4)2
Moⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2
Moⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Moⓘ MolybdenumMo
Moⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Moⓘ HemusiteCu6SnMoS8
Moⓘ Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)(Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Moⓘ MolybditeMoO3
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ Hexaferrum(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Ruⓘ LauriteRuS2
Ruⓘ Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ruⓘ Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Ruⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ruⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Ruⓘ UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Ruⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Ruⓘ UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Ruⓘ UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Ruⓘ Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsS
Ruⓘ Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ Iridium var. Rutheniridium(Ir,Ru)
Ruⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)(Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
Ruⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Ruⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)(Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
Ruⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
RhRhodium
Rhⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Rhⓘ CherepanoviteRhAs
Rhⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Rhⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Rhⓘ UM2009-15-S:CuFeRhRu(Rh,Fe,Ru,Cu)3S
Rhⓘ BowieiteRh2S3
Rhⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Rhⓘ Rhodarsenide(Rh,Pd)2As
Rhⓘ PolkanoviteRh12As7
Rhⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Rhⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Rhⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Rhⓘ UM2000-50-S:FeRh(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Rhⓘ Unnamed (Rhodium Sulfide)Rh3S4
Rhⓘ UM2002-27-S:RhRhS
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ KeithconnitePd20Te7
Pdⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Pdⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Pdⓘ TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Pdⓘ UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Pdⓘ UM2009-03-As:PdTePd3(As,Te)
Pdⓘ Palladium(Pd,Pt)
Pdⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Pdⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Pdⓘ MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
Pdⓘ Rhodarsenide(Rh,Pd)2As
Pdⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Pdⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Pdⓘ VysotskitePdS
Pdⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Pdⓘ Vasilite(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
Pdⓘ UM2000-78-Te:PdPd2Te
Pdⓘ UM2000-49-S:FePdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
Pdⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Pdⓘ UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPtPtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Pdⓘ Gold var. Palladium-bearing Gold(Au,Pd)
Pdⓘ UM2000-04-E:AuCuPdAu0.69Pd0.23Cu0.08
Pdⓘ UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt(Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
Pdⓘ UM2000-51-S:PdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
AgSilver
Agⓘ Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Agⓘ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Agⓘ Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ JalpaiteAg3CuS2
Agⓘ MatilditeAgBiS2
Agⓘ Pearceite[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Agⓘ Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Agⓘ ProustiteAg3AsS3
Agⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Agⓘ SilverAg
Agⓘ SternbergiteAgFe2S3
Agⓘ XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
Agⓘ StephaniteAg5SbS4
Agⓘ LenaiteAgFeS2
Agⓘ AguilariteAg4SeS
Agⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Ag Sulphide V)Ag5Cu2S5
Agⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Agⓘ ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
Agⓘ NaumanniteAg2Se
Agⓘ PetrovskaiteAuAgS
Agⓘ SpryiteAg8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6
Agⓘ UytenbogaardtiteAg3AuS2
Agⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Agⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Agⓘ KrenneriteAu3AgTe8
Agⓘ BohdanowicziteAgBiSe2
Agⓘ Unnamed (Se-analogue of Pavonite)AgBi3Se5
Agⓘ FischesseriteAg3AuSe2
Agⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Agⓘ Silver var. KüsteliteAg
Agⓘ StromeyeriteAgCuS
Agⓘ UM2010-07-S:AgCuSe(Ag,Cu)14Se3S6
Agⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Agⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Agⓘ MckinstryiteAg5-xCu3+xS4
CdCadmium
Cdⓘ BurnsiteKCdCu72+(SeO3)2O2Cl9
Cdⓘ CadmiumCd
SnTin
Snⓘ SvetlanaiteSnSe
Snⓘ YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2
Snⓘ TinSn
Snⓘ HemusiteCu6SnMoS8
Snⓘ YuanjiangiteAuSn
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Snⓘ MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Snⓘ StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Sbⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sbⓘ StephaniteAg5SbS4
Sbⓘ Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Sbⓘ SkinneriteCu3SbS3
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Sbⓘ FamatiniteCu3SbS4
Sbⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Sbⓘ TellurantimonySb2Te3
Sbⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile(Ti,Fe,Sb)O2
Sbⓘ TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
Sbⓘ CuprostibiteCu2(Sb,Tl)
Sbⓘ StibniteSb2S3
Sbⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Sbⓘ MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
Sbⓘ StumpflitePtSb
Sbⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Sbⓘ UM2004-02-As:FePtSb(Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
Sbⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Sbⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Sbⓘ SenarmontiteSb2O3
Sbⓘ WatanabeiteCu4(As,Sb)2S5
Sbⓘ AntimonseliteSb2Se3
Sbⓘ Stibiogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu2+)(Sb2Te2)S12S
Sbⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Sbⓘ Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sbⓘ GeversitePtSb2
TeTellurium
Teⓘ BalyakiniteCu(TeO3)
Teⓘ Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Teⓘ BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2
Teⓘ Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Teⓘ NabokoiteKCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl
Teⓘ MaletoyvayamiteAu3Se4Te6
Teⓘ GachingiteAu(Te1-xSex)
Teⓘ TolstykhiteAu3S4Te6
Teⓘ AltaitePbTe
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Teⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Teⓘ TelluriumTe
Teⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Teⓘ Goldfieldite(Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S
Teⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Teⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Teⓘ KostoviteCuAuTe4
Teⓘ RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Teⓘ KrenneriteAu3AgTe8
Teⓘ UM1980-17-TeO:CuPbPbCu(TeO3)O
Teⓘ Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)PbCu(TeO3)2
Teⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
Teⓘ UM1985-20-S:AsCuSbSeTeCu+10Cu22+(Te,As,Sb)4(S,Se)13
Teⓘ SkippeniteBi2TeSe2
Teⓘ VulcaniteCuTe
Teⓘ TelluriteTeO2
Teⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide II)Bi2SeTe
Teⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide IV)Bi3TeSe3
Teⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide III)Bi8Te3Se3
Teⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Teⓘ TellurantimonySb2Te3
Teⓘ ColoradoiteHgTe
Teⓘ KeithconnitePd20Te7
Teⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Teⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Teⓘ TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Teⓘ UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Teⓘ UM2009-03-As:PdTePd3(As,Te)
Teⓘ ParatelluriteTeO2
Teⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride Sulphide)Au2Te4S3
Teⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide)Au2Te4Se3
Teⓘ Unnamed (Se Telluride)Se3Te2
Teⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)Au(Te,Se,S)
Teⓘ Stibiogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu2+)(Sb2Te2)S12S
Teⓘ Vasilite(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
Teⓘ UM2000-78-Te:PdPd2Te
Teⓘ Unnamed (Platinum Telluride)Pt2Te
IIodine
Iⓘ NataliyamalikiteTlI
CsCaesium
Csⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Csⓘ CesiodymiteCsKCu5O(SO4)5
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
TaTantalum
Taⓘ TantiteTa2O5
WTungsten
Wⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)
Wⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x}
Wⓘ QusongiteWC
Wⓘ TungstenW
Wⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Wⓘ KrasnogoriteWO3
Wⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Wⓘ TungsteniteWS2
ReRhenium
Reⓘ RheniiteReS2
OsOsmium
Osⓘ Hexaferrum(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Osⓘ Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Osⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ ErlichmaniteOsS2
Osⓘ UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Osⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Osⓘ UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Osⓘ UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir,Cu)3S
Osⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Osⓘ Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsS
Osⓘ Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Osⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)(Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
Osⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Osⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)(Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
Osⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
IrIridium
Irⓘ Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Irⓘ Hexaferrum(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Irⓘ Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Irⓘ Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Irⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Irⓘ UM2009-01-As:IrNiRhRuS(Ru,Ni,Rh,Ir)8(As,S)9
Irⓘ UM2009-04-AsS:IrOsRu(Ir,Os,Ru)2AsS
Irⓘ UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt(Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
Irⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Irⓘ UM2009-13-S:AsIrOsRu(Os,Ir,Ru)4(S,As)
Irⓘ UM2009-16-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir,Cu)3S
Irⓘ MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
Irⓘ InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Irⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Irⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Irⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Irⓘ KashiniteIr2S3
Irⓘ Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Irⓘ Iridium var. Rutheniridium(Ir,Ru)
Irⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ru)(Fe,Ru,Os,Ir)
Irⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Os)(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
Irⓘ Hexaferrum var. Hexaferrum-(Fe,Ir)(Fe, Ir, Ru, Os)
Irⓘ Unnamed (Ru-Os-Ir-Fe oxides)(Ru,Os,Ir,Fe,Ni,Cu)1-2O2-3
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ KufahritePtPb
Ptⓘ SidoroviteFe3Pt
Ptⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Ptⓘ PlatinumPt
Ptⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Ptⓘ CooperitePtS
Ptⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Ptⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Ptⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ptⓘ UM2009-18-S:CuPdPtTe(Pd,Cu,Pt)3(S,Te)
Ptⓘ UM2009-10-E:FeIrNiPt(Pt,Ir)5(Fe,Ni)8
Ptⓘ UM2009-12-S:AsIrOsPtRu(Os,Ru,Ir,Pt)2(S,As)
Ptⓘ Palladium(Pd,Pt)
Ptⓘ Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Ptⓘ MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4
Ptⓘ InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Ptⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Ptⓘ PlatarsitePtAsS
Ptⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Ptⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Ptⓘ StumpflitePtSb
Ptⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Ptⓘ UM2004-42-S:CuFePdPtRh(Cu,Fe,Pt,Rh,Pd)1+xS
Ptⓘ UM2004-01-As:FeIrPtSSb(Pt,Ir,Fe)(As,Sb,S)
Ptⓘ UM2004-02-As:FePtSb(Pt,Fe)(As,Sb)
Ptⓘ UM2004-35-S:AsCuFePdPtSbFe(Pd,Pt)3(S,Sb,As)3
Ptⓘ UM2004-36-S:AsFeOsPtRh(Rh,Pt,Os,Fe)2(S,As)3
Ptⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Ptⓘ HongshiitePtCu
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Cu Alloy)Pt3Cu
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Pt Sulphide)PtS
Ptⓘ UM2000-49-S:FePdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Pd-Fe-Cu Sulphide)(Pt,Pd,Fe,Cu)3S
Ptⓘ UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPtPtPd(Fe,Cu)S
Ptⓘ UM2000-48-S:CuPdPt(Pd,Cu,Pt)8S3
Ptⓘ UM2000-50-S:FeRh(Fe0.79Rh0.11Cu0.04Pt0.01)S
Ptⓘ UM2000-51-S:PdPt(Pt,Pd)3S2
Ptⓘ TomamaeiteCu3Pt
Ptⓘ Malanite var. Cobalt-bearing MalaniteCu(Pt3+,Co3+)2S4
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Fe-Pt alloy)Fe3Pt
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Platinum Telluride)Pt2Te
Ptⓘ GeversitePtSb2
AuGold
Auⓘ Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Auⓘ BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2
Auⓘ Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Auⓘ MaletoyvayamiteAu3Se4Te6
Auⓘ GachingiteAu(Te1-xSex)
Auⓘ TolstykhiteAu3S4Te6
Auⓘ AuroselenideAuSe
Auⓘ GoldAu
Auⓘ Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auⓘ PetrovskaiteAuAgS
Auⓘ UytenbogaardtiteAg3AuS2
Auⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Auⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Auⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Auⓘ KostoviteCuAuTe4
Auⓘ KrenneriteAu3AgTe8
Auⓘ FischesseriteAg3AuSe2
Auⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Auⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Auⓘ Tetra-auricuprideAuCu
Auⓘ NovodnepriteAuPb3
Auⓘ YuanjiangiteAuSn
Auⓘ HunchuniteAu2Pb
Auⓘ AnyuiiteAuPb2
Auⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride Sulphide)Au2Te4S3
Auⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide)Au2Te4Se3
Auⓘ Unnamed (Au-Telluride-Selenide-Sulphide)Au(Te,Se,S)
Auⓘ Gold var. Palladium-bearing Gold(Au,Pd)
Auⓘ UM2000-04-E:AuCuPdAu0.69Pd0.23Cu0.08
HgMercury
Hgⓘ CinnabarHgS
Hgⓘ ColoradoiteHgTe
Hgⓘ TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Hgⓘ MetacinnabarHgS
Hgⓘ MercuryHg
Hgⓘ TiemanniteHgSe
TlThallium
Tlⓘ NataliyamalikiteTlI
Tlⓘ ChrysothalliteK6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O
Tlⓘ KalithalliteK3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O
Tlⓘ MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2
Tlⓘ KarpoviteTl2VO(SO4)2(H2O)
Tlⓘ EvdokimoviteTl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5
Tlⓘ CuprostibiteCu2(Sb,Tl)
PbLead
Pbⓘ Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)
Pbⓘ BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2
Pbⓘ Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)
Pbⓘ Philoxenite(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Pbⓘ Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl
Pbⓘ PrewittiteKPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10
Pbⓘ AllochalcoseliteCu+PbCu52+(SeO3)2Cl5O2
Pbⓘ LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2Cl
Pbⓘ Eleomelanite(K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4
Pbⓘ KufahritePtPb
Pbⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ AltaitePbTe
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
Pbⓘ RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Pbⓘ UM1980-17-TeO:CuPbPbCu(TeO3)O
Pbⓘ Unnamed (Pb-Cu Tellurate)PbCu(TeO3)2
Pbⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing GalenaPb(S,Se)
Pbⓘ LeadPb
Pbⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite(Pb,Cu)SO4
Pbⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Pbⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ MolybdomenitePbSeO3
Pbⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pbⓘ NovodnepriteAuPb3
Pbⓘ HunchuniteAu2Pb
Pbⓘ AnyuiiteAuPb2
Pbⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
Pbⓘ OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)
Pbⓘ InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16
Pbⓘ KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16
Pbⓘ UM2004-41-S:CuFeIrPbPtPb(Cu,Fe)3(Pt,Ir)8S16
Pbⓘ AikinitePbCuBiS3
BiBismuth
Biⓘ AtlasoviteK(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl
Biⓘ ElasmochloiteNa3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5
Biⓘ MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2
Biⓘ HodrušiteCu8Bi12S22
Biⓘ MatilditeAgBiS2
Biⓘ TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Biⓘ TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Biⓘ RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Biⓘ BohdanowicziteAgBiSe2
Biⓘ SkippeniteBi2TeSe2
Biⓘ Unnamed (Se-analogue of Pavonite)AgBi3Se5
Biⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide II)Bi2SeTe
Biⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide IV)Bi3TeSe3
Biⓘ Unnamed (Bi Telluride Selenide III)Bi8Te3Se3
Biⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Biⓘ BismuthBi
Biⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Biⓘ GuanajuatiteBi2Se3
Biⓘ RooseveltiteBi(AsO4)
Biⓘ AikinitePbCuBiS3
Biⓘ EmplectiteCuBiS2
Biⓘ WitticheniteCu3BiS3

Fossils

There are 53 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

BETA TEST - These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences2097
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed272 Ma (Permian)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 50 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Gorgansium
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Gorgansium155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeodictyomitra
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Crolanium
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Crolanium129.4 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Dibolachras
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Dibolachras150.8 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Hsuum
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum164.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Napora
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora164.7 - 125 Ma
Mesozoic
Obesacapsula
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Obesacapsula155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula155.7 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Astrononion
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nonionidae : Astrononion23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bulimina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Buliminidae : Bulimina59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cyclammina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Cyclamminidae : Cyclammina33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Haplophragmoides
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Haplophragmoididae : Haplophragmoides33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolchidina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Lituolidae : Kolchidina61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Martinottiella
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Martinottiella15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Nonion
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nonionidae : Nonion23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Silicosigmoilina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Miliamminidae : Silicosigmoilina61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Spiroplectammina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Spiroplectamminidae : Spiroplectammina59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Gastropoda
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Fissurella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Fissurella41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Homalopoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Homalopoma41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Margarites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Margaritidae : Margarites23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Margarites (Pupillaria)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Margarites : Margarites (Pupillaria)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Calyptraea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Crepidula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cernina (Eocernina)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Cernina : Cernina (Eocernina)61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Niso
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Niso15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Polinices
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Polinices33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Turritella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella145 - 11.608 Ma
Phanerozoic
Aforia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cochlespiridae : Aforia41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ancilla
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ancillariidae : Ancilla41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ancistrolepis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Ancistrolepis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Arctomelon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Arctomelon41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Colus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Colus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Conomitra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutomitridae : Conomitra41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fulgoraria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Fulgoraria41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Rostellaria (Fusus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Tibia : Rostellaria (Fusus)15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Makiyamaia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Makiyamaia33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Fulgoraria (Musashia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Fulgoraria : Fulgoraria (Musashia)41.3 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Neptunea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Neptunea41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Olivella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Optoturris
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Optoturris41.3 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Parasyrinx
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Parasyrinx41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Plicifusus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Plicifusus41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fulgoraria (Psephaea)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Fulgoraria : Fulgoraria (Psephaea)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudoliomesus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Pseudoliomesus41.3 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Gilbertina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Gilbertina59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Aturia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudocenoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Pseudocenoceras93.9 - 85.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Holcophylloceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Holcophylloceras182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Phylloceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hulenites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Kossmaticeratidae : Hulenites112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lytoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Lytoceras145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Acila
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Yoldia (Cnesterium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium)23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Megayoldia (Hataiyoldia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia (Hataiyoldia)33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Hilgardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Hilgardia61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Jupiteria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Jupiteria38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Nucula (Lamellinucula)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Lamellinucula)66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Nucula (Leionucula)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Leionucula)66 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Malletia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Malletia66 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Neilonella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Neilonellidae : Neilonella33.9 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Nucula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nucula145 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nuculana
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana61.6 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Portlandia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Portlandia33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Propeleda
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Propeleda33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Saccella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Spineilo
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Spineilo66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Nuculana (Thestyleda)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana (Thestyleda)23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Acila (Truncacila)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila)47.8 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Acharax
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Acharax47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Huxleyia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Nucinellidae : Huxleyia47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Solemya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Solemya66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Acar
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Acar66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Bathyarca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Bathyarca56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Barbatia (Cucullaearca)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : Barbatia (Cucullaearca)15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Glycymeris
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris47.8 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Glycymeris (Glycymerita)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymerita)33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nemodon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Nemodon47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Adula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Adula47.8 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Botula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Botula41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachidontes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Crenella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Crenella15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus (Crenomytilus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Crenomytilus)33.9 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Lithophaga
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Musculus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Musculus47.8 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Mytella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytella61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Mytilus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus66 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Mytilus (Plicatomytilus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Plicatomytilus)15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus (Septifer)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Septifer)15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Acesta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Acesta61.6 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Anomia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Anomia47.8 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Buchia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chlamys (Camptochlamys)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Camptochlamys)66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Chlamys
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Crassostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Crassostrea66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Delectopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Delectopecten47.8 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Fortipecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Fortipecten33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Lima
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Limatula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Limatula33.9 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Liostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Mizuhopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Mizuhopecten15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Pododesmus (Monia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Pododesmus : Pododesmus (Monia)33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Nanaochlamys
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Nanaochlamys15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Ostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea66 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Parvamussium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Parvamussium56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Plicacesta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plicacesta47.8 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Propeamussium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Propeamussium56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Chlamys (Swiftopecten)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Swiftopecten)15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Amiantis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Amiantis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Angulus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Astarte
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte145 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Batissa
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Batissa66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Callista
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Callista33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Paphia (Callistotapes)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Paphia : Paphia (Callistotapes)23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Cardiniopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiniopsis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cardita
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cardita47.8 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Cardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardium33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Chione
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Chione15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ciliatocardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glyptoactis : Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia)66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Clinocardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Clinocardium33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Clisocolus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Clisocolus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Claibornites (Codalucina)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Claibornites : Claibornites (Codalucina)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Conchocele
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Conchocele47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Coralliophaga
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Trapezidae : Coralliophaga66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Corbicula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula66 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassatella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassatina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatina66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cycladicama
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Cycladicama11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Cyclocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia47.8 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dentonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Dentonia66 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Diplodonta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Eucrassatella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Eucrassatella66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Gari
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari47.8 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Gibbolucina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Gibbolucina47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Here
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Here56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Hubertschenckia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Vesicomyidae : Hubertschenckia47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dosinia (Kaneharaia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia (Kaneharaia)20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nemocardium (Keenaea)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Keenaea)23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Clinocardium (Keenocardium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Clinocardium : Clinocardium (Keenocardium)23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Laevicardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Lahilliidae : Laevicardium33.9 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Liocyma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Liocyma15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Macoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma66 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Macrocallista
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Mactromeris11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Megacardita
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Megacardita47.8 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Tellina (Megangulus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Megangulus)11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nuttallia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Nuttallia66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Papyridea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Papyridea33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Periglypta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Periglypta11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Pitar
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Pitar66 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Profulvia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Profulvia47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Spisula (Pseudocardium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula (Pseudocardium)20.44 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Pterolucina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Pterolucina56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Macoma (Rexithaerus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus)15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Saxidomus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Saxidomus33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Securella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Securella15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Serripes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Serripes15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Siliqua
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Pharidae : Siliqua15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Solen
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Solenidae : Solen66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Spisula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tellina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina61.6 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Thyasira
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Thyasira66 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Tivela
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Tivela61.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Astarte (Tridonta)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte (Tridonta)5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Acrosterigma (Vasticardium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acrosterigma : Acrosterigma (Vasticardium)15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Venericardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia61.6 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Cryptomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Cryptomya11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya47.8 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Panomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Panomya20.44 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Parapholas
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Parapholas15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Penitella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Penitella23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Pholadidea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Pholadidea15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Sphenia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Sphenia47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Zirfaea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Zirfaea15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Periploma (Aelga)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma (Aelga)56 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Cardiomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cardiomya66 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Cuspidaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cuspidaria33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Laternula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Laternula47.8 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Pandora
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pandoridae : Pandora15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pandora (Pandorella)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pandorida : Pandoridae : Pandora : Pandora (Pandorella)23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Periploma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Periploma56 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Pholadomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya61.6 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleuromya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pleuromyidae : Pleuromya145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Thracia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia66 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachiopoda
phylum		Animalia : Brachiopoda132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cyclothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Cyclothyris132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Dagysorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Basiliolidae : Dagysorhynchia132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Talovkorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Talovkorhynchia112.03 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Aulacothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Aulacothyris168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Convexothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Harpotothyrididae : Convexothyris132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Helvetella
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebrataliidae : Helvetella132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Peculneithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Peculneithyris132.9 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Penzhinothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Mametothyrididae : Penzhinothyris112.03 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Enhydra lutris
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydra : Enhydra lutris0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Platanaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Proteales : Platanaceae113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Platanus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Proteales : Platanaceae : Platanus113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Carya
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Carya37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Alnus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Betulaceae : Alnus28.4 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Diospyros
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ebenaceae : Diospyros113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Phyllites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Phyllites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Polypodiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Polypodiales : Polypodiaceae37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Pinaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Taxodiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Taxodiaceae33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Asplenium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Polypodiales : Aspleniaceae : Asplenium113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Pinus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pinus37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Taxodium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae : Taxodium37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Abies
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Abies15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Ginkgo
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Ginkgo113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Sequoia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae : Sequoia113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Dicotylophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Dicotylophyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Osmunda
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Osmunda37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Pterocarya
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Pterocarya37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Betula
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Betulaceae : Betula28.4 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Menispermites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae : Menispermites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Ericaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ericaceae28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Myrica
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Myricaceae : Myrica28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Elatocladus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Elatocladus113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Juglans
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Juglans37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Fagus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Fagaceae : Fagus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Ulmus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Ulmaceae : Ulmus37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Tilia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Malvaceae : Tilia37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Coniopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Cyatheales : Dicksoniaceae : Coniopteris113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Hausmannia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Gleicheniales : Dipteridaceae : Hausmannia113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Cladophlebis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Sphenopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lyginopteridaceae : Sphenopteris113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Sagenopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Caytoniaceae : Sagenopteris113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Ginkgo adiantoides
species		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Ginkgo : Ginkgo adiantoides113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Zelkova
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Ulmaceae : Zelkova15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Araucarites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Araucariaceae : Araucarites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Cardiocardita (Bathycardita)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cardiocardita : Cardiocardita (Bathycardita)33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Callista (Costacallista) conradiana
species		Callista (Costacallista) conradiana66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Psammotreta (Leporimetis)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammotreta : Psammotreta (Leporimetis)23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Nucula (Nucula) sphenopsis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Nucula) sphenopsis61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Nuculana spheniopsis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana spheniopsis61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Panopea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea47.8 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Polinices (Euspira) ramonensis
species		Polinices (Euspira) ramonensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Soletellina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Soletellina23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Praeparvicingula
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Alabushevothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Alabushevothyrididae : Alabushevothyris112.03 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Wrangellium okamurai
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Wrangellium : Wrangellium okamurai155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Helena
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Helena150.8 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Archicapsa
genus		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Sethocapsidae : Archicapsa170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Dicerosaturnalis dicranacanthos
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Dicerosaturnalis : Dicerosaturnalis dicranacanthos155.7 - 125 Ma
Mesozoic
Hilgardia parkei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Hilgardia : Hilgardia parkei66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Pteria pellucida
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pteria : Pteria pellucida47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Pitaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitaria47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Nuculana (Saccella) gabbii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Nuculana (Saccella) gabbii66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Venericardia hornii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia hornii56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Miltha (Miltha) meganosensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha (Miltha) meganosensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Solen (Eosolen) stantoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solen (Eosolen) stantoni56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudopyxilla
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Pseudopyxilla47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Foraminifera
phylum		Chromista : Foraminifera33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Arachnoidiscus
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Arachnoidiscales : Arachnoidiscaceae : Arachnoidiscus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Hemiaulus
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Hemiaulales : Hemiaulaceae : Hemiaulus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Hyalodiscus
genus		Protozoa : Amoebozoa : Lobosa : Amoebida : Hyalodiscidae : Hyalodiscus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Paralia
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Paraliales : Paraliaceae : Paralia47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Stellarima
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Coscinodiscales : Heliopeltaceae : Stellarima47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Stephanopyxis
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Stephanopyxidaceae : Stephanopyxis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Triceratium
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Triceratiales : Triceratiaceae : Triceratium47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Trinacria
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Biddulphiales : Biddulphiaceae : Trinacria47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Trochosira
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Thalassiosirales : Trochosiraceae : Trochosira47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Xanthiopyxis
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Coscinodiscales : Coscinodiscaceae : Xanthiopyxis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Biddulphia
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Biddulphiales : Biddulphiaceae : Biddulphia47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Coscinodiscus
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Coscinodiscales : Coscinodiscaceae : Coscinodiscus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Turcicula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Lischkeia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Kronokotherium brevimaxillare
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Kronokotherium : Kronokotherium brevimaxillare23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Phoca vitulina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Phoca : Phoca vitulina0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Modiolus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus66 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Chaetoceros
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Chaetocerotales : Chaetocerotaceae : Chaetoceros47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Clavicula
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Clavicula47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Liradiscus
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Liradiscus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Pyxilla
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Rhizosoleniales : Pyxillaceae : Pyxilla47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Stictodiscus
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Stictodiscales : Stictodiscaceae : Stictodiscus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Dosinia tugaruana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia tugaruana15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Glycymeris (Glycymeris)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymeris)23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Picea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Picea33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Amauropsis fetteri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Amauropsis : Amauropsis fetteri61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Acila (Acila) divaricata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila) divaricata15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Acharax johnsoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Acharax : Acharax johnsoni47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Desmiophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Czekanowskiaceae : Desmiophyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Nucula (Nucula)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Nucula)66 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Acila (Truncacila) castrensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) castrensis15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Nuculana pernula
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana pernula15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassoleda crassatelloides
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Crassoleda crassatelloides33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Nuculana (Nuculana)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana (Nuculana)47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Yoldia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Yoldia)56 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia hyperborea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia hyperborea11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Yoldia (Cnesterium) seminuda
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium) seminuda15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Megayoldia (Megayoldia) thraciaeformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia (Megayoldia) thraciaeformis33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Megayoldia (Portlandella)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia (Portlandella)66 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Anadara (Anadara)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Anadara)15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) hastata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) hastata5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus (Modiolus) modiolus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) modiolus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mytilus edulis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus edulis33.9 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Costelloleda
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cancellaria oregonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria oregonensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Modiolus restorationensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus restorationensis66 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) tichanovitchi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) tichanovitchi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Spisula hannibali
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula hannibali47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Solena (Plectosolen) conradi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solena : Solena (Plectosolen) conradi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Monia macrochisma
species		Monia macrochisma23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Solen (Ensisolen) sicarius
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solen : Solen (Ensisolen) sicarius23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma acutilineata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma acutilineata33.9 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Mya (Mya) truncata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Mya) truncata11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mya (Mya)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Mya)23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hataiella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Hataiella41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cyrtodaria kurriana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Cyrtodaria : Cyrtodaria kurriana5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Serripes (Serripes) groenlandicus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Serripes : Serripes (Serripes) groenlandicus33.9 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Panomya ampla
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Panomya : Panomya ampla15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) crebricostata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) crebricostata11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Crenella porterensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Crenella : Crenella porterensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Thracia (Thracia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia (Thracia)23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lucina (Lucina)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina (Lucina)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Miodontiscus prolongatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Miodontiscus : Miodontiscus prolongatus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Miltha (Miltha)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha (Miltha)66 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Glycymeris idensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris idensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Periploma (Periploma)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma (Periploma)66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Periploma (Periploma) pulchella
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma (Periploma) pulchella33.9 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Acila (Acila)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila)47.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Nemocardium (Nemocardium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Nemocardium)47.8 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Nemocardium (Nemocardium) yokoyamai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Nemocardium) yokoyamai47.8 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Cnesterium) notabilis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium) notabilis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mytilus (Mytilus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Mytilus)66 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus tenuistriatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus tenuistriatus11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Musculus kryshtofovitschi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Musculus : Musculus kryshtofovitschi23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Thracia (Cetothrax) condoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia (Cetothrax) condoni33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus wajampolkensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus wajampolkensis33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus trigonalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus trigonalis33.9 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Septifer magnificus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Septifer : Septifer magnificus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Modiolus solea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus solea41.3 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Panomya simotomensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Panomya : Panomya simotomensis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cyclocardia dodairensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia dodairensis33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma simizuensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma simizuensis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Macoma osakaensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma osakaensis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Acila (Acila) praedivaricata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila) praedivaricata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acila (Acila) kholmskensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila) kholmskensis33.9 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Laevicardium etheringtoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Laevicardium : Laevicardium etheringtoni15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) kavranensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) kavranensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Acesta (Acesta)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Acesta : Acesta (Acesta)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Crenomytilus grayanus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus grayanus11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ainicardita
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Ainicardita33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Kotorapecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Kotorapecten20.44 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Crassicardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Crassicardia15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lunulicardita
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Lunulicardita23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Potamocorbula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Potamocorbula11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Hiatella : Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Glycymeris (Axinola) septentrionalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Axinola) septentrionalis11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Macoma) calcarea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) calcarea23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cryptomya californica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Cryptomya : Cryptomya californica15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) cosibensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) cosibensis15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlamys (Leochlamys) iwakiana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Leochlamys) iwakiana11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mimachlamys meisensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Mimachlamys meisensis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mimachlamys kaneharai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Mimachlamys kaneharai15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Anisocorbula ohiroi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Anisocorbula : Anisocorbula ohiroi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mya (Arenomya) grewingki
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Arenomya) grewingki23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cyclocardia akagii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia akagii33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Venericardia (Venericardia) mandaica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia (Venericardia) mandaica66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cyclocardia tokunagai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia tokunagai33.9 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Arca (Arca) praeboucardi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca (Arca) praeboucardi15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Laevicardium tristiculum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Laevicardium : Laevicardium tristiculum23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) jordani
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) jordani11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) iwriensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) iwriensis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) iljinensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) iljinensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) karaginskiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) karaginskiensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlamys (Chlamys) miyatokoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) miyatokoensis15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) pseudohastata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) pseudohastata15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) pseudolioica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) pseudolioica15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) rendoi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) rendoi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) sendaiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) sendaiensis15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Swiftopecten) swifti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Swiftopecten) swifti11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys tamurae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys tamurae23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Leochlamys) tanassevitschi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Leochlamys) tanassevitschi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) wajampolkensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) wajampolkensis33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlamys (Chlamys) albida
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) albida11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) behringiana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) behringiana11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Swiftopecten) donmilleri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Swiftopecten) donmilleri15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) ermanensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) ermanensis11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) etolonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) etolonensis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) gackhense
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) gackhense41.3 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Corbula (Cuneocorbula) formosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Corbulidae : Cuneocorbula : Corbula (Cuneocorbula) formosa66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Lucina washingtonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina washingtonensis66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Diplodonta parilis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta parilis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Mya kovatschensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya : Mya kovatschensis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Mya majanatschensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya : Mya majanatschensis15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mya (Mya) priapus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Mya) priapus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Mya (Arenomya) profundior
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Arenomya) profundior33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Mya pseudoarenaria
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya : Mya pseudoarenaria5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mya tigilensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya : Mya tigilensis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Mya (Arenomya) ugolnensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Arenomya) ugolnensis33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Mytilus (Tumidimytilus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Tumidimytilus)11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) addicotti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) addicotti23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) chejsleveemensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Tumidimytilus) chejsleveemensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Plicatomytilus allisoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Plicatomytilus : Plicatomytilus allisoni15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus ochotensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus ochotensis23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Crenomytilus schencki
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus schencki11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Megangulus pulchrus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Megangulus pulchrus23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Macoma tigilensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma tigilensis66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Venericardia bistrovi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia bistrovi47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Venericardia (Venericor) venturensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia (Venericor) venturensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Megayoldia (Portlandella) watasei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia (Portlandella) watasei56 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Nampiella) laudabilis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Nampiella) laudabilis33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Yoldia (Sachalinella) vasiljevskii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Sachalinella) vasiljevskii33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Yoldia (Nampiella) tigilensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Nampiella) tigilensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Nampiella) takaradaiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Nampiella) takaradaiensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Yoldia (Cnesterium) supraoregona
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium) supraoregona33.9 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Yoldia) rostriformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Yoldia) rostriformis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Yoldia (Cnesterium) rekinnensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium) rekinnensis15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Yoldia (Mirayoldia) ossoriensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Mirayoldia) ossoriensis33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Megayoldia (Portlandella) pilvoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia (Portlandella) pilvoensis33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Yoldia nitida
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia nitida41.3 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Cnesterium) ermanensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Cnesterium) ermanensis11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Calyptraea diegoana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea : Calyptraea diegoana41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Crepidula ungana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula ungana41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Crenomytilus expansus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus expansus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Psammacoma) arctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammacoma : Macoma (Psammacoma) arctata15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Panopea ramonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea : Panopea ramonensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma hannibali
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma hannibali15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma annulatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma annulatum23.03 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Katherinella arnoldi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Katherinella : Katherinella arnoldi66 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Clinocardium (Ciliatocardium) ciliatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium : Clinocardium (Ciliatocardium) ciliatum28.1 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Panomya norvegica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myoida : Panomya : Panomya norvegica5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris polynyma
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris polynyma56 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Musculus niger
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Crenellidae : Musculus : Musculus niger15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma (Macoma) moesta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) moesta20.44 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Liocyma fluctuosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Liocyma : Liocyma fluctuosa33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Acmaea (Acmaea)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Lottiidae : Acmaea : Acmaea (Acmaea)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ancistrolepis rateginensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Ancistrolepis : Ancistrolepis rateginensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Beringius (Beringius) pressulus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Beringius : Beringius (Beringius) pressulus41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fulgoraria (Kurodina)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Fulgoraria : Fulgoraria (Kurodina)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fusinus (Fusinus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusinus : Fusinus (Fusinus)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Hataiella (Merriamella) rateginensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Hataiella : Hataiella (Merriamella) rateginensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Tethysetta boesii
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Tethysetta : Tethysetta boesii145 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mirifusus guadalupensis
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus guadalupensis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Anomia (Anomia)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Anomia : Anomia (Anomia)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Euspira meisensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Euspira meisensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ciliatocardium asagaiense
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium : Ciliatocardium asagaiense23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ciliatocardium obstinatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium : Ciliatocardium obstinatus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ciliatocardium reedi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium : Ciliatocardium reedi47.8 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Corbicula (Corbicula)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Corbiculidae : Corbicula : Corbicula (Corbicula)66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Turrilites costatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Turrilitidae : Turrilites : Turrilites costatus99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Buchia terebratuloides
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia : Buchia terebratuloides145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Buchia volgensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia : Buchia volgensis145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Marshallites cumshewaensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Kossmaticeratidae : Marshallites : Marshallites cumshewaensis105.3 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Anagaudryceras sacya
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras : Anagaudryceras sacya109 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Trigonostoma (Trigonostoma)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Trigonostoma : Trigonostoma (Trigonostoma)41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Equisetites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Lima subauriculata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Lima : Lima subauriculata23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trochocyathus cupuliformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus cupuliformis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) belli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Arcthoplites : Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) belli112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Grantziceras affine
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Grantziceras : Grantziceras affine112.03 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cleoniceras (Grycia) perezianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Grycia : Cleoniceras (Grycia) perezianum109 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Rapidoplacenticeras sutherlandbrowni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Beudanticeras : Rapidoplacenticeras sutherlandbrowni105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Parasilesites laperousianus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Parasilesites : Parasilesites laperousianus112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Marshallites columbianus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Kossmaticeratidae : Marshallites : Marshallites columbianus105.3 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Puzosia skidegatensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Puzosia : Puzosia skidegatensis109 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) japonicum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmoceras : Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) japonicum99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neogastroplites americanus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hoplitidae : Neogastroplites : Neogastroplites americanus105.3 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) talkeetnanus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Arcthoplites : Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) talkeetnanus112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Leconteites deansi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Leconteites : Leconteites deansi112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parasilesites bullatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Silesitidae : Parasilesites : Parasilesites bullatus112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kennicottia bifurcata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Kennicottia : Kennicottia bifurcata112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Anagaudryceras aurarium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras : Anagaudryceras aurarium112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hypophylloceras tanit
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Hypophylloceras tanit105.3 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Sphenobaiera
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Karkeniaceae : Sphenobaiera113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Pantanellium parvulum
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium parvulum164.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Triactoma blakei
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Triactoma : Triactoma blakei155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeodictyomitra apiarium
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra : Archaeodictyomitra apiarium155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeodictyomitra minoensis
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra : Archaeodictyomitra minoensis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeodictyomitra suzukii
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra : Archaeodictyomitra suzukii155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Eucyrtidiellum pyramis
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiellidae : Eucyrtidiellum : Eucyrtidiellum pyramis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Mirifusus mediodilatatus
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus mediodilatatus155.7 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Parvicingula dhimenaensis
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula dhimenaensis155.7 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Parvicingula jonesi
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula jonesi155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Ristola altissima
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola : Ristola altissima155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Ristola cretacea
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola : Ristola cretacea145 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Saitoum dercourti
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Poulpidae : Saitoum : Saitoum dercourti155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Sethocapsa zinckeni
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Sethocapsidae : Sethocapsa : Sethocapsa zinckeni155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Williriedellum crystallinum
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Williriedellum : Williriedellum crystallinum155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Xitus gifuensis
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Xitus : Xitus gifuensis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Zhamoidellum ovum
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Zhamoidellum : Zhamoidellum ovum155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula blowi
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula blowi150.8 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Parvicingula sanfilippoae
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula sanfilippoae155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula gracila
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula gracila150.8 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Praeparvicingula vera
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula vera167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Hsuum belliatulum
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum : Hsuum belliatulum155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Praeparvicingula inornata
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula inornata167.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Praeparvicingula schoolhousensis
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula schoolhousensis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Triversus fastigatus
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Triversus : Triversus fastigatus155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula elegans
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula elegans163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Penzhinella micluchomaclayi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Licharewiidae : Penzhinella : Penzhinella micluchomaclayi265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Penzhinella sverbilovae
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Licharewiidae : Penzhinella : Penzhinella sverbilovae265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Diplodonta orbella
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta orbella23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Clinocardium (Clinocardium) nuttallii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Clinocardium : Clinocardium (Clinocardium) nuttallii15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Leukoma staminea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Leukoma : Leukoma staminea15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Penitella penita
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Pholadidae : Penitella : Penitella penita11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Nemocardium (Nemocardium) linteum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Nemocardium) linteum66 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia : Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Mactromeris merriami
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris merriami66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudocardium packardi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Pseudocardium packardi47.8 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Macoma (Rexithaerus) indentata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) indentata11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Rexithaerus) andersoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) andersoni15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gari (Gobraeus) hornii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari : Gari (Gobraeus) hornii56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nilssoniocladus
genus		Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Nilsoniaceae : Nilssoniocladus113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Acila (Truncacila) blancoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) blancoensis11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Securella securis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Securella : Securella securis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Nilsonia
genus		Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Nilsonia113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Trominina angasiana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Trominina : Trominina angasiana33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Trominina ezoana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Trominina : Trominina ezoana33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Saccella hokkaidoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Saccella hokkaidoensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Lima (Acesta) sameshimai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Acesta : Lima (Acesta) sameshimai47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Periploma iesakai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma iesakai38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Gleichenia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Gleicheniales : Gleicheniaceae : Gleichenia113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Pityostrobus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pityostrobus113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Gloripallium rikinnensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Gloripallium : Gloripallium rikinnensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ristola turpicula
species		Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola : Ristola turpicula168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Zugmayerella inaequiplicata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spondylospiridae : Zugmayerella : Zugmayerella inaequiplicata228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ptilorhynchia anadyrensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Ptilorhynchia : Ptilorhynchia anadyrensis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Inversithyris rhomboidalis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Triadithyrididae : Inversithyris : Inversithyris rhomboidalis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Uralella stroganovi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Uralella : Uralella stroganovi152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Taimyrothyris bojarkaensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Boreiothyrididae : Taimyrothyris : Taimyrothyris bojarkaensis145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Modiolus speciosus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus speciosus66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Phoenicopsis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Czekanowskiaceae : Phoenicopsis113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Podocarpus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Podocarpus37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Parthenocissus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Vitales : Vitaceae : Parthenocissus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Tricolporopollenites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae : Tricolporopollenites37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Dacrydiumites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Dacrydiumites37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Araliaephyllum
genus		Araliaephyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Gleichenites
genus		Plantae : Pteridophyta : Pteridopsida : Polypodiales : Gleichenites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Cissites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Vitales : Vitaceae : Cissites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Pagiophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Araucariaceae : Pagiophyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Pityophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Pityophyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Cycadites
genus		Cycadites113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Diplodonta aleutica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta aleutica5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma (Macoma) brota
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) brota5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nuculana cowlitzensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana cowlitzensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Pseudocenoceras proximum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Pseudocenoceras : Pseudocenoceras proximum83.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudocenoceras xenium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Pseudocenoceras : Pseudocenoceras xenium72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cymatoceras yabei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Cymatoceratidae : Cymatoceras : Cymatoceras yabei100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cymatoceras bifidum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Cymatoceratidae : Cymatoceras : Cymatoceras bifidum86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Germanonautilus kyotanii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Tainoceratidae : Germanonautilus : Germanonautilus kyotanii212 - 205.6 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Zizyphus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Zizyphus113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Lycopodium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lycopodiopsida : Lycopodiales : Lycopodiaceae : Lycopodium37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ilex
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Aquifoliales : Aquifoliaceae : Ilex15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Freboldiceras praesingulare
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Freboldiceras : Freboldiceras praesingulare112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Beudanticeras arduennense
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Beudanticeras : Beudanticeras arduennense112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cleoniceras (Cleoniceras) leightonense
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Cleoniceras : Cleoniceras (Cleoniceras) leightonense112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Anadesmoceras strangulatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hoplitidae : Anadesmoceras : Anadesmoceras strangulatum112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Neogastroplites kamchatkensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hoplitidae : Neogastroplites : Neogastroplites kamchatkensis99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eogunnarites unicus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Kossmaticeratidae : Eogunnarites : Eogunnarites unicus99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cleoniceras (Grycia) dubium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Grycia : Cleoniceras (Grycia) dubium112.03 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cleoniceras (Grycia) susukii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Grycia : Cleoniceras (Grycia) susukii109 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Anadesmoceras subbaylei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Anadesmoceras : Anadesmoceras subbaylei112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) mcconnelli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Arcthoplites : Arcthoplites (Subarcthoplites) mcconnelli112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sphagnum
genus		Plantae : Bryophyta : Sphagnopsida : Sphagnales : Sphagnaceae : Sphagnum37.2 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Papyridea harrimani
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Papyridea : Papyridea harrimani33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Diplodonta ferruginata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta ferruginata47.8 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Callithaca adamsi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Callithaca : Callithaca adamsi20.44 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anechinocardium lorenzanum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Anechinocardium : Anechinocardium lorenzanum66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Myrtophyllum
genus		Myrtophyllum113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Spirocrypta pileum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Spirocrypta : Spirocrypta pileum41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Spirocrypta inornata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Spirocrypta : Spirocrypta inornata61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Trochodendroides arctica
species		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Trochodendrales : Trochodendraceae : Trochodendroides : Trochodendroides arctica113 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Euthymiceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Euthymiceras145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cyclammina incisa
species		Foraminifera : Lituolidae : Cyclammina : Cyclammina incisa37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Scaphander costatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Scaphander : Scaphander costatus61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Macrocallista pittsburgensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista pittsburgensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Solena (Eosolen) eugenensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) eugenensis66 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Arca (Barbatia) landesi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : Arca (Barbatia) landesi66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Stenobrachius salnikovi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Myctophiformes : Myctophidae : Stenobrachius : Stenobrachius salnikovi23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Fortipecten hallae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Fortipecten : Fortipecten hallae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclocardia subtenta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia subtenta41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma (Macoma) crassula
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) crassula15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma (Macoma) lama
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) lama5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma (Macoma) golikovi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) golikovi15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Corbicula arnoldi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula : Corbicula arnoldi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Conchocele conradii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Conchocele : Conchocele conradii33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Acila (Truncacila) conradi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) conradi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kolymia pontoneica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Kolymiidae : Kolymia : Kolymia pontoneica272.3 - 268.8 Ma
Permian
Macrocallista stantoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista stantoni56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Spisula aequilateralis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula aequilateralis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Isocardia tejonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Glossidae : Glossus : Isocardia tejonensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Periploma eodiscus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma eodiscus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Molopophorus aequicostatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus aequicostatus61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Macrocallista furlongi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista furlongi56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ancilla burroensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ancillariidae : Ancilla : Ancilla burroensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Diplodonta (Zemysina) pacifica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta (Zemysina) pacifica66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Pitar murphyi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : Pitar murphyi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Margarites semiornata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Margarites : Margarites semiornata61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Saxidomus noblei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Saxidomus : Saxidomus noblei56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nucula (Acila) yakatagensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Nucula (Acila) yakatagensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Scaphander alaskensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Scaphandridae : Scaphander : Scaphander alaskensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Podobursa triacantha
species		Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podobursa : Podobursa triacantha150.8 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Spisula sisquocensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula sisquocensis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Ledina fresnoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Ledina : Ledina fresnoensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium : Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Stephanopyxis turris
species		Bacillariophyta : Stephanopyxis : Stephanopyxis turris47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Olivella mathewsonii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella mathewsonii56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Acila (Truncacila) decisa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) decisa66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Glycymeris rosecanyonensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris rosecanyonensis61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Crassatella grandis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatella grandis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Nucula cooperi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula cooperi66 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Nassarius (Catilon) arnoldi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : Nassarius (Catilon) arnoldi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) hormigacuesta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : Turbonilla : Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) hormigacuesta15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Siphonalia bicarinata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Austrofusus : Siphonalia bicarinata59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Musashia (Nipponomelon)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Fulgoraria : Musashia (Nipponomelon)33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Paralia sulcata
species		Bacillariophyta : Paralia : Paralia sulcata47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Coscinodiscus marginatus
species		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Coscinodiscales : Coscinodiscaceae : Coscinodiscus : Coscinodiscus marginatus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Actinoptychus senarius
species		Bacillariophyta : Actinoptychus : Actinoptychus senarius47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Liradiscus ovalis
species		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Liradiscus : Liradiscus ovalis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Odontella
genus		Odontella47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Goniothecium rogersii
species		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Goniothecium : Goniothecium rogersii47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Hemiaulus polymorphus
species		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Hemiaulales : Hemiaulaceae : Hemiaulus : Hemiaulus polymorphus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Macrocallista hanzawai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista hanzawai47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Siphonalia supragranulata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Siphonalia : Siphonalia supragranulata41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Neancistrolepis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Neancistrolepis23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 51 fossil localities
Russia
Russia

References

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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)
Hourigan, J.K. & Brandon, Mark & Soloviev, A & B Kirmasov, Alexei & Garver, John & Stevenson, James & Reiners, P. (2009). Eocene arc-continent collision and crustal consolidation in Kamchatka, Russian Far East. American Journal of Science. 309. 333-396. 10.2475/05.2009.01.

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