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Kumdy Kol area, Kokchetav Massif, Kökshetaü Oblysy (Kokshatau [Kokchetav] Oblast'), Kazakhstan

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The first occurrence of metamorphic diamond.

UHP dolomite marbles and pelitic gneisses (subduction zone : 250 km deep).
Three types of marbles are known : diamond-bearing dolomite marbles, Ti-clinohumite-bearing dolomitic marbles and titanite-bearing calcite marbles.

Presence of lamproites.

In pelitic gneisses, diamonds formed from carbon dissolved into aqueous fluids.
In marbles, diamond precipitated from fluids (C-O-H).





Mineral List:
  		•  'Apatite'
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Aragonite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Biotite
    Description: Composite inclusions with diamond, phengite, calcite and graphite in UHP pelitic gneisses. ((http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).)
    Reference: [http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)]
  		•  Calcite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Description: Composite inclusions with diamond, phengite, calcite and graphite in UHP pelitic gneisses. ((http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).)
    Reference: [EurJourMin. 14(6):1103 -- 1108]
  		•  Calcite
    var: Mg-rich Calcite
    (Ca,Mg)CO
     
    3
    Reference: [The Island Arc, Volume 9 Issue 3 Page 400 - September 2000]
  		•  Clinochlore
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    5
    		Al[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Description: Replaces majoritic garnet during exhumation. In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Clinohumite
    var: Titanclinohumite
    Description: In diamond-free dolomitic marble.
    Reference: [Tectonophysics [T] T21A-0501 0800h http://www.agu.org/meetings/fm04/fm04-sessions/fm04_T21A.html]
  		•  'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
    Description: Super-siliceous cpx. In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [International Geology Review, V. 44, N. 9, 1st Sept. 2002, pp. 831-836.]
  		•  Coesite
    SiO
     
    2
    Description: Exsolutions in supersiliceous clinopyroxene. Inclusions in zircon in UHP pelitic gneisses(http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).
    Reference: [International Geology Review, V. 44, N. 9, 1st Sept. 2002, pp. 831-836.]
  		•  Diamond
    C
    Description: - Star-shaped diamonds in dolomite marbles. - Cubes, cuboctahedron and trigonal plates (spinel twins) inclusions in garnet, zircon, kyanite, cpx and tourmaline in UHP pelitic gneisses (http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).) Composite inclusions with diamond, phengite, calcite and graphite in UHP pelitic gneisses. ((http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).)
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Diopside
    CaMg[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Description: Hydroxyl in diopside in diamond-free UHP dolomitic marble from the Kokchetav Massif American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2004, abstract #T21A-0501 Publication Date: 12/2004
    Reference: [EurJourMin. 14(6):1103 -- 1108]
  		•  Dolomite
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Description: Dolomite --> Aragonite + magnesite. In dolomitic marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Forsterite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: In diamond-free dolomitic marble. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2004, abstract #T21A-0501 Publication Date: 12/2004
    Reference: [Tectonophysics [T] T21A-0501 0800h http://www.agu.org/meetings/fm04/fm04-sessions/fm04_T21A.html]
  		•  'Garnet Group'
    X
     
    3
    		Z
     
    2
    		(TO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		 (X = Ca, Fe, etc·, Z = Al, Cr, etc·, T = Si, As, V)
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Graphite
    C
    Description: Decomposition of magnesite during exhumation. In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  'K Feldspar'
    Description: Lamellae K-feldspar and phengite in diopside. (Hydroxyl in diopside in diamond-free UHP dolomitic marble from the Kokchetav Massif American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2004, abstract #T21A-0501)
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Kokchetavite (TL)
    KAlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    Type Locality: Kumdy Kol area, Kokchetav Massif, Kökshetaü Oblysy (Kokshatau [Kokchetav] Oblast'), Kazakhstan
    Reference: [IMA Website]
  		•  Kumdykolite (TL)
    NaAlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    Type Locality: Kumdy Kol area, Kokchetav Massif, Kökshetaü Oblysy (Kokshatau [Kokchetav] Oblast'), Kazakhstan
    Reference: [IMA website - Proposals approved in January 2008]
  		•  Kyanite
    Al
     
    2
    		[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)]
  		•  Magnesite
    MgCO
     
    3
    Description: Inclusions in majoritic garnet. In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Majorite
    Mg
     
    3
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Si,Al)
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Phengite
    Description: Lamellae K-feldspar and phengite in diopside. (Hydroxyl in diopside in diamond-free UHP dolomitic marble from the Kokchetav Massif American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2004, abstract #T21A-0501) Composite inclusions with diamond, phengite, calcite and graphite in UHP pelitic gneisses. ((http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)).)
    Reference: [http://earth2005.jtbcom.co.jp/session/pdf/g025/g025p-007_e.pdf (Yoshihide Ogasawara; Rentaro Shimizu : Microdiamond in pelitic gneisses from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp)]
  		•  Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Description: Exsolutions in supersiliceous clinopyroxene.
    Reference: [International Geology Review, V. 44, N. 9, 1st Sept. 2002, pp. 831-836.]
  		•  Pyrope
    Mg
     
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    Description: In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Quartz
    SiO
     
    2
    Description: Exsolutions in supersiliceous clinopyroxene.
    Reference: [International Geology Review, V. 44, N. 9, 1st Sept. 2002, pp. 831-836.]
  		•  Spinel
    MgAl
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Description: In symplectites with diopside and magnesian calcite, in dolomite marble.
    Reference: [http://www.earth.edu.waseda.ac.jp/lab_ogasawara/products/abstracts/200312_AGU_V22D-0618.htm]
  		•  Titanite
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [AmMin 87:454-461 (2002)]
  		•  'Tourmaline'
    AD
     
    3
    		G
     
    6
    		(BO
     
    3
    		)
     
    3
    		[T
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		]Y
     
    3
    		Z
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Tremolite
    ☐[Ca
     
    2
    		][Mg
     
    5
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Description: In diopside of dolomitic marbles.
    Reference: [http://www.agu.org/meetings/fm04/fm04-sessions/fm04_T21A.html Tectonophysics T21A-0501 0800h Hydroxyl in diopside in diamond-free UHP dolomitic marble from the Kokchetav Massif]
  		•  Zircon
    Zr[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: In dolomite marbles.
    Reference: [Geology : Online Forum / Geology, Vol. 30, Issue 10, pp. 947-950, Oct. 2002.]
  		•  Zoisite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    3
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    Reference: [AmMin 87:454-461 (2002)]


    31 entries listed. 22 valid minerals. 2 type localities (valid minerals).

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