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De Beers Mine, Kimberley, Northern Cape Province, South Africa

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A diamond mine in a kimberlite pipe. The mine was started in 1871 and worked from an open cast until 1908. In 1963, it was re-opened as an underground mine, which was finally closed in 1990. The mine is about 800 meters deep.



References:
- Dana 7:I:149
- Mathias, M., Siebert, J.C., and Rickwood, P.C. (1970): Some Aspects of the Mineralogy and Petrology of Ultramafic Xenoliths in Kimberlite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 26, 75-123.
- Mining Annual Review (1985):147.
- Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Kimberlite-hosted diamond deposits of southern Africa: A review. Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75.





Mineral List:
  		•  Apophyllite-(KF)
    KCa
     
    4
    		[(F,OH)|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		] · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Minerals of South Africa]
  		•  Cebollite
    Ca
     
    5
    		Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    12
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		 or near
    Reference: [http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/cebollite.pdf.]
  		•  Chromite
    FeCr
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75.]
  		•  Diamond
    C
    Description: Occurs in kimberlite.
    Reference: [Dana 7:I:149.]
    Site Photo
    De Beers Mine, Kimberley, Northern Cape Province, South Africa
    © Rob Lavinsky
  		•  Diopside
    var: Chromian Diopside
    (Ca,Cr)MgSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Enstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [Minerals of South Africa]
  		•  'Garnet Group'
    X
     
    3
    		Z
     
    2
    		(TO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		 (X = Ca, Fe, etc·, Z = Al, Cr, etc·, T = Si, As, V)
    Reference: [Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75.]
  		•  Ilmenite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Lindsleyite (TL)
    (Ba,Sr)(Ti,Zr,Fe,Cr)
     
    21
    		O
     
    38
    Type Locality: De Beers Mine, Kimberley, Northern Cape Province, South Africa
    Reference: [J.W. Anthony, R.A. Bideaux, K.W. Bladh, M.C. Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. III (1997)]
  		•  Mathiasite
    K(Ti,Cr,Fe,Mg,Zr)
     
    21
    		O
     
    38
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Monticellite
    CaMg[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75.]
  		•  'Olivine'
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75.]
  		•  Perovskite
    CaTiO
     
    3
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Potassicrichterite
    K[CaNa][Mg
     
    5
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Rutile
    TiO
     
    2
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]
  		•  Spinel
    var: Chromspinel
    Mg(Al,Cr
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [S.E. Haggerty, J.R. Smyth, A.J. Erlank, R.S. Rickard, R.V. Danchin: Amer. Mineral. 68:494-505 (1983)]


    17 entries listed. 11 valid minerals. 1 type locality (valid mineral).

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