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Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy

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Mt. Vesuvius is a stratovolcano and the only active volcano on the European mainland. Vesuvius is on the coast of the Bay of Naples, about nine kilometres (six miles) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. The height of the main cone has been constantly changed by eruptions but presently is 1,281 m (4,202 ft). The active volcano is a distinct locality within the arcuate shaped Monte Somma, which represents the remains of an older, much larger volcanic cone.



References:

- Klaproth, M.H. (1797): Untersuchung des Leucit, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Zweiter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 39-59

- Klaproth, M.H. (1802): Chemische Untersuchung des natürlichen Salmiaks, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Dritter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 89-94

- Covelli, N., (1827): Sur le Bisulfure de Cuivre qui se forme actuellement dans le Vesuve (1826), Ann. Chim. Vol. XXXV, 105-111, Paris

- Covelli., N., (1827): Über das gegenwärtig am Vesuv sich bildende Doppelt-Schwefelkupfer, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 86, 494-498

- Scacchi, A., (1872): Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506

- vom Rath, G., (1872): Tridymit in Auswürflingen des Vesuves, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 233, 280-281

- Scacchi (1873) Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis. Mat. Napoli 6: 65 (Proidonite).

- Rath, G. vom, (1874): Chemische Zusammensetzung der in den vesuvianischen Auswürfingen durch Sublimation vorhandenen Krystalle von Augit und Hornblende, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Erg. Bd. VI, 229-241, J.C. Poggendorff, Leipzig

-Rath, G. vom, (1874): Über den Mikrosommit, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Erg. Bd. VI, 372-376, J.C. Poggendorff, Leipzig

- Rath, G. vom, (1874): Über die verschiedenen Formen der vesuvianischen Augite, , Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Erg. Bd. VI, 337-349, J.C. Poggendorff, Leipzig

- Rath, G. vom, (1877): Über einige durch vulkanische Dämpfe gebildete Mineralien des Vesuvs, Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande, 144-167

- Cossa, A., (1882): Sulla hieratite, nuova specie mineralogica. Transunti dell'Accademia dei Lincei, Serie III, 6: 141-142.

- Zambonini, F. (1906): Sulla galena formatasi nell'ultima eruzione vesuviana dell'Aprile 1906, Rendiconti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Vol. 15, 235-238, Roma.

- Zambonini, F. (1906): Notizie mineralogiche sull'eruzione vesuviana dell'Aprile 1906, Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze fisiche e matematiche di Napoli, Vol. 13, 40 ff

- Lacroix, A. (1907): Les minéraux des fumarolles de l'éruption du Vésuve en avril 1906. Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et Cristallographie, Vol. 30, 219-266

- Zambonini, F. (1910): Mineralogia Vesuviana, Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze fisiche e matematiche di Napoli, Vol. 14, 1-386

- Zambonini, F. (1912): Appendice alla Mineralogia Vesuviana, Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze fisiche e matematiche di Napoli, Vol. 15, 1-51

- Zambonini, F., (1920): Sulla palmierite del Vesuvio ed i minerali che l'accompagnano, Boll. R. Comit. Geol. It., Vol. 48: 1-30.

- Zambonini, F. (1925): Sulla presenza della picromerite tra i prodotti delle fumarole vesuviane, Annali del Reale Osservatorio Vesuviano, Vol. 2, 121-122

-Caglioti V., (1926): Nuovo ritrovamento della thenardite, della ferronatrite e della palmierite fra i prodotti dell'attuale attività del Vesuvio. Ann. R. Oss. Ves., serie III, 3: 91-97

-Carobbi G., (1926): Ulteriori ricerche sopra alcune notevoli sublimazioni vesuviane. Ann. R. Oss. Ves., serie III, 3: 49-52.

-Zambonini, F., Carrobbi, G. (1927): A chemical study of the yellow incrustations on the Vesuvian Lava of 1631, American Mineralogist, Vol. 12, 1-10

-Carobbi G., (1933): Sulla presenza di un nuovo minerale fra i prodotti dell'attività fumarolica del Vesuvio, Per. Min., Vol. 4, 410-422.

-Carobbi G., (1933): Sulla presenza di un nuovo minerale fra i prodotti dell'attività fumarolica del Vesuvio. Per. Min., 4: 410-422.

- Zambonini, F. (1935): Mineralogia Vesuviana, II edizione a cura di E.Quercigh, Rendiconti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze fisiche e matematiche di Napoli, Vol. 20, 1-463

-Carobbi, G. and Cipriani, C. (1951) Richerche su alcuni prodotti delle fumarole vesuviane. Rend. Soc. Ital. Mineral. Petrol.: 7: 43-44.

-Carobbi G., Cipriani C., (1952): Ralstonite e bisolfato sodico (matteuccite) fra i prodotti delle fumarole vesuviane. Atti Acc. Naz. Lincei, serie VIII, Rend. Cl. Sc. Fis. Mat. Nat., 12, 1: 23-29.

- Pozas, J., Rossi, G., Tazzoli, V. (1975): Re-examination and crystal structure analysis of Litidionite, American Mineralogist, Vol. 60, 471-475

- BONACCORSI E., MERLINO S., ORLANDI P., PASERO M., VEZZALINI G. (1994)- Quadridavyne, [(Na,K)6Cl2][Ca2Cl2][Si6Al6O24], a new feldspathoid mineral from Vesuvius area.European Journal of Mineralogy, 6, 481-487

- BINON J., BONACCORSI E., BERNHARDT H.J., FRANSOLET A. M. (2004) - The mineralogical status of "cavolinite" from Vesuvius, Italy, and crystallochemical data on the davyne subgroup. Eur. J. Mineral., 16 (3), 511-520.

- Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI

- Campostrini, I., Gramaccioli, C. (2005): Artroeite del Monte Somma-Vesuvio: secondo ritrovamento mondiale. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 29, 1: 50-52.

- Schlüter, J., et al. (2005): The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material, N. Jb. Min. Abh. 182(1):95-101

- Russo, M., (2006): I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906, www.ov.ingv.it/italiano/pubblicazioni/ openfile/doc/Open_report_1906_6.pdf






 Map Reference: 40°49'12"N , 14°25'38"E

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Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities


Mineral List:
  		•  Aegirine
    NaFe
    3+
     
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Aluminite
    Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|SO
     
    4
    		] · 7H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 601.; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Alum-(K)
    KAl[SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 12H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Alunite
    KAl
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Alunogen
    Al
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		·17H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurs as fumarolic deposits.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 539.]
  		•  'Amphibole Group'
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506]
  		•  Analcime
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Christopher O'Neill
  		•  Andradite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Andradite
    var: Melanite
    Reference: [Rath, G. vom, 1877: Über einige durch vulkanische Dämpfe gebildete Mineralien des Vesuvs, Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande, 144-167]
  		•  Anglesite
    PbSO
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Anhydrite
    CaSO
     
    4
    Description: Found in ejecta blocks with Sellaite.
    Reference: [Rath, G. vom, 1877: Über einige durch vulkanische Dämpfe gebildete Mineralien des Vesuvs, Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande, 144-167; Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 39.]
  		•  Anorthite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Antlerite
    Cu
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: Occurs as pseudomorphs after Dolerophanite, so called "Vernadskite."
    Reference: [Zambonini (1910): 337; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 607.]
  		•  'Apatite'
    Description: Occurred with wagnerite in lavas of 1872.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 847.]
  		•  Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Aphthitalite (TL)
    (K,Na)
     
    3
    		Na(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred in active volcanic fumaroles after several eruptions.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 402, 404, 435.]
    Site Photo
    Atrio del Cavallo, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Geol. Coll. U.C.L.
  		•  Aragonite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Artroeite
    Pb[AlF
     
    3
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		]
    Reference: [Campostrini, I., Gramaccioli, C. (2005): Artroeite del Monte Somma-Vesuvio: secondo ritrovamento mondiale. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 29, 1: 50-52. ]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Atacamite
    Cu
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|Cl]
    Description: Occurs as a fumarolic product.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 72.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.Schäfer
  		•  Augite
    (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Ti)[(Si,Al)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Simone Citon
  		•  Avogadrite (TL)
    (K,Cs)[BF
     
    4
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 98.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2007, JGW
  		•  Azurite
    Cu
     
    3
    		[OH|CO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    Description: occurs as a sublimate on the lavas erupted in 1631
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.Schäfer
  		•  Bararite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		[SiF
     
    6
    		]
    Description: Not type locality despite it being observed here first, because it was not fully described from Vesuvius.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 105; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Baryte
    BaSO
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Bassanite
    Ca[SO
     
    4
    		] · 0.5H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Biotite
    Reference: [Mariano Carati - Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana - Calderini, Bologna, 1982]
  		•  Boothite
    var: Mg-bearing Boothite
    (Cu,Mg)SO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
    Colour: Bluish-green
    Description: Occurred as crusts on lava of 1872.
    Reference: [Scacchi (1872) Acc. Napoli, Rendus: 211 (as cupromagnesite); American Mineralogist (1927): 12: 14-19.]
  		•  Calcioaravaipaite
    PbCa
     
    2
    		[(F,OH)
     
    3
    		|AlF
     
    6
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Campostrini, I., Gramaccioli, C. (2005): Artroeite del Monte Somma-Vesuvio: secondo ritrovamento mondiale. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 29, 1: 50-52. ]
  		•  Calcite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Mariano Carati - Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana - Calderini, Bologna, 1982]
    Site Photo
    Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Carobbiite (TL)
    KF
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: found in the fumaroles of the lava erupted in Dec. 1933
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI] [Rend.Soc.Min.Ital.(1956) 12, 212-213) [Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58]
  		•  Chabazite-K
    (K
     
    2
    		,Ca,Na
     
    2
    		,Sr,Mg)
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 12H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Chalcanthite
    CuSO
     
    4
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Chalcocyanite
    CuSO
     
    4
    Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 429, 552, 571.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Brent Thorne 2007
  		•  Chalcopyrite
    CuFeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Challacolloite
    KPb
     
    2
    		Cl
     
    5
    Reference: [Schlüter, J., at al., (2005): The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material, N. Jb. Min. Abh. 182(1):95-101]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2009, JGW
  		•  Chloraluminite (TL)
    AlCl
     
    3
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 50.]
  		•  Chlormanganokalite (TL)
    K
     
    4
    		[MnCl
     
    6
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Found lining cavities in blocks of scoria ejected during the eruption of April, 1906.
    Reference: [Nature (1906) 74, 104; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 109; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Chlorocalcite (TL)
    KCaCl
     
    3
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as a volcanic sublimate.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 91.]
  		•  Chloromagnesite (TL)
    MgCl
     
    2
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 41.]
  		•  Chlorothionite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu[Cl
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: Occurred as incrustations at active volcanic fumaroles during the eruption of 1872.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 547; Lapis (1994): 5 p.13-23,58.]
  		•  Connellite
    Cu
     
    19
    		[(OH)
     
    32
    		|SO
     
    4
    		|Cl
     
    4
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Corundum
    Al
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    Reference: [Balassone, G., Franco, E., Mattia, C.A., Puliti, R. (2004): Indialite in xenolithic rocks from Somma-Vesuvius volcano (Southern Italy): crystal chemistry and petrogenetic features, American Mineralogist 89: 1-6]
  		•  Cotunnite (TL)
    PbCl
     
    2
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as a sublimation product in active volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Soviet Physics, Crystallography, volume 21, pp. 38(1976); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 43; Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Beth Schaefer
  		•  Covellite (TL)
    CuS
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: found in fumaroles of the 1822 eruption
    Reference: [Covelli, N. (1827) Sur le Bisulfure de Cuivre qui se forme actuellement dans le Vesuve (1826), Ann. Chim. Vol. XXXV, 105-111, Paris.]
  		•  Cristobalite
    SiO
     
    2
    Reference: [Balassone, G., Franco, E., Mattia, C.A., Puliti, R. (2004): Indialite in xenolithic rocks from Somma-Vesuvius volcano (Southern Italy): crystal chemistry and petrogenetic features, American Mineralogist 89: 1-6]
  		•  Cryptohalite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		[SiF
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 105; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Cumengeite
    Pb
     
    21
    		Cu
     
    20
    		Cl
     
    42
    		(OH)
     
    40
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: found in recent fumaroles
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Cuprite
    Cu
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [- Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Cuprorivaite
    CaCu[Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Cyanochroite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Davyne
    (Na,K)
     
    6
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[(Cl
     
    2
    		,SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [BINON J., BONACCORSI E., BERNHARDT H.J., FRANSOLET A. M. (2004) - The mineralogical status of "cavolinite" from Vesuvius, Italy, and crystallochemical data on the davyne subgroup. Eur. J. Mineral., 16 (3), 511-520] [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Diopside
    CaMg[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Simone Citon
  		•  Dolerophanite (TL)
    Cu
     
    2
    		[O|SO
     
    4
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred in volcanic fumaroles in the eruption of 1868.
    Reference: [Note Min.(1873): 1, 22; Atti R. Accad. Sci. fis. mat., Napoli (1873) 5, 22; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 429, 552, 571.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Enstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Epsomite
    MgSO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurs in small amounts as fumarole deposits.
    Reference: [American Mineralogist: (1927): 12: 14-19; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512.]
  		•  Eriochalcite (TL)
    CuCl
     
    2
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 45, 429, 552, 571.]
  		•  Erythrosiderite (TL)
    K
     
    2
    		[Fe
    3+
     
    		Cl
     
    5
    		(OH
     
    2
    		)]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred at volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 102; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Euchlorine (TL)
    KNaCu
     
    3
    		[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.
    Reference: [Scacchi, E. (1884) Acc. Napoli, Rendus": 126 (as Euclorina); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 429, 552, 571; NJMM (1989), 541; Lapis (1994): 5 p.13-23, 58.]
  		•  Fayalite
    Fe
    2+
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Mariano Carati - Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana - Calderini, Bologna, 1982]
  		•  Ferrinatrite
    Na
     
    3
    		Fe(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Ferrohexahydrite
    FeSO
     
    4
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Ferrohornblende
    ☐[Ca
     
    2
    		][Fe
    2+
    4
    		Al][(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    7
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2009, JGW
  		•  Ferruccite (TL)
    Na[BF
     
    4
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as minute crystals in admixed volcanic fumarole sublimates.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 99.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Fluorite
    CaF
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Forsterite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Galena
    PbS
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.-Schäfer
  		•  Gibbsite
    Al(OH)
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Gismondine-Ca
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Glauberite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Goethite
    α-Fe
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Gypsum
    Ca[SO
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Halite
    NaCl
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 601.]
  		•  Halotrichite
    FeAl
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·22H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Hausmannite
    MnMn
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Description: occurs as a sublimate on the lavas erupted in 1631
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Haüyne
    (Na,Ca)
     
    4-8
    		[Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		(O,S)
     
    24
    		](SO
     
    4
    		,Cl)
     
    1-2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Hematite
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © D. Preite
  		•  Hieratite
    K
     
    2
    		[SiF
     
    6
    		]
    Description: Occurred in admixed volcanic fumarole sublimates.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 99, 104.]
  		•  Hydromagnesite
    Mg
     
    5
    		[(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  'Hydromelanothallite'
    Cu
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		Cl
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurred with eriochalcite in volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 77.]
  		•  Indialite
    Mg
     
    2
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    18
    Reference: [Balassone G, Franco E, Mattia CA, Puliti R (2004) Indialite in xenolithic rocks from Somma-Vesuvius volcano (Southern Italy): crystal chemistry and petrogenetic features. American Mineralogist 89: 1-6]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.Boutry
  		•  Jarosite
    KFe
    3+
     
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Kremersite
    (NH
     
    4
    		,K)
     
    2
    		[Fe
    3+
     
    		Cl
     
    5
    		(H
     
    2
    		O)]
    Description: Occurred at volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 102; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Lawrencite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Ni)Cl
     
    2
    Description: Occurs as a sublimation product.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 40.]
  		•  Lazurite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    8
    		[(S,SO
     
    4
    		,Cl
     
    2
    		)|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [Luigi Chiappino data]
    Site Photo
    Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Leucite
    KAlSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Rob Lavinsky
  		•  Lévyne-Na
    (Na
     
    2
    		,Ca,K
     
    2
    		)[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Lime
    CaO
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Linarite
    PbCu[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Litidionite (TL)
    CuNaKSi
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Pozas, J., Rossi, G., Tazzoli, V. (1975): Re-examination and crystal structure analysis of Litidionite, American Mineralogist, Vol. 60, 471-475.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Magnesioferrite (TL)
    MgFe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Rammelsberg, C. (1858): Über die Zusammensetzung des Titaneisens sowie der rhomboedrisch und oktaedrisch krystallisierten Eisenoxyde überhaupt, VII Octaedrisches Eisenerz vom Vesuv, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 180/F2-104, 497-552.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Magnetite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Malladrite (TL)
    Na
     
    2
    		[SiF
     
    6
    		]
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Accad.Lincei.Rend.Cl.Sci.fis.mat.nat., Roma (1926) ser.6, 4, 171-175; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 99, 106; Lapis (1994): 5: 13-23, 58.]
  		•  Manganolangbeinite
    K
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    Description: Occurred in a cavern in lava.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 435.]
  		•  Mascagnite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		SO
     
    4
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 399; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Matteuccite (TL)
    NaHSO
     
    4
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: occured on lavas from 1933
    Reference: [Accad.Lincei.Rend.Cl.Sci.fis.mat.nat., Roma (1952) ser.8, 12, 23-29; Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58 ; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Melanothallite
    Cu
     
    2
    		[O|Cl
     
    2
    		]
    Description: Occurred in volcanic fumaroles in eruption of 1868.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 429, 571.]
  		•  Melilite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    2
    		(Al,Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)[(Al,Si)SiO
     
    7
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Mercallite
    KHSO
     
    4
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 395; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI; Accad. Lincei. Rend. Cl. Sci. fis. mat. nat. Roma (1935).]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Metavoltine
    Na
     
    6
    		K
     
    2
    		FeFe
     
    6
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    12
    		O
     
    2
    		·18H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurs in fumaroles and in stalactites on the floor of the crater.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 620.]
  		•  Microsommite
    Na
     
    4
    		K
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[Cl
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [Rath, G. vom, 1874: Über den Mikrosommit, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Erg. Bd. VI, 372-376, J.C. Poggendorff, Leipzig]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Elmar Lackner 2009
  		•  Millerite
    NiS
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Mimetite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Mirabilite
    Na
     
    2
    		SO
     
    4
    		·10H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: A hydration product of mixed salts in volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 441.]
  		•  Misenite
    K
     
    8
    		H
     
    6
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    7
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 395; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI.]
  		•  Mitscherlichite (TL)
    K
     
    2
    		[CuCl
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred in stalactites on the floor of the crater.
    Reference: [Zambonini and Carobbi (1925) Ann. R. Osservat. Vesuviano: III, 2, 7; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 101; Lapis 1994: 5: 13-23, 58.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Brent Thorne 2008
  		•  Molysite (TL)
    FeCl
     
    3
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Found as a sublimate in active volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 48.]
  		•  Mottramite
    Pb(Cu,Zn)[OH|VO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: The material termed "Vesbine" occurred as coatings on lava.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 814.; Zambonini, F., Carrobbi, G. (1927): A chemical study of the yellow incrustations on the Vesuvian Lava of 1631, American Mineralogist, Vol. 12, 1-10]
  		•  Nahcolite (TL)
    NaHCO
     
    3
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Reference: [Bannister F.A. (1928): Nature, 122, 866; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 135.]
  		•  Natrite
    Na
     
    2
    		CO
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Natron
    Na
     
    2
    		CO
     
    3
    		·10H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurred as an efflorescence on lava.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 231; www.dinet.it/Mineral-GMC/AMI/vesuvio.html.]
  		•  Nepheline
    (Na,K)[AlSiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506; BINON J., BONACCORSI E., BERNHARDT H.J., FRANSOLET A. M. (2004) - The mineralogical status of "cavolinite" from Vesuvius, Italy, and crystallochemical data on the davyne subgroup. Eur. J. Mineral., 16 (3), 511-520]
  		•  Opal
    SiO
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Orpiment ?
    As
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Osumilite
    (K,Na)(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    12
    		O
     
    30
    Description: This is actually Osumilite-(Mg) - see new paper by Balassone et al. EJM 20: 716-720 (2008)
    Reference: [Balassone, G., Franco, E., Mattia, C.A., Puliti, R. (2004): Indialite in xenolithic rocks from Somma-Vesuvius volcano (Southern Italy): crystal chemistry and petrogenetic features, American Mineralogist 89: 1-6]
  		•  Osumilite-(Mg)
    (K,Na)(Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe)
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    12
    		O
     
    30
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Balassone G, Mormone A, Rossi M, Bernardi A, Fisch M, Armbruster T, Malsy AK, Berger A (2008) Crystal chemical and structural characterization of an Mg-rich osumilite from Vesuvius volcano (Italy). European Journal of Mineralogy 20: 713-720]
  		•  Palmierite (TL)
    (K,Na)
     
    2
    		Pb(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred in fumarole deposits after the eruptions of 1906 and 1919.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 404; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Paratacamite
    Cu
     
    3
    		(Cu,Zn)[(OH)
     
    3
    		|Cl]
     
    2
    Description: Occurs as an alteration of tenorite in fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 75.]
  		•  Phillipsite-K
    (K,Na,Ca
     
    0.5
    		,Ba
     
    0.5
    		)
     
    4-7
    		[Al
     
    4-7
    		Si
     
    12-9
    		O
     
    32
    		]
    .
     
    		 12H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
    Site Photo
    Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Chinellato Matteo
  		•  Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [- Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Pickeringite
    MgAl
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·22H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Picromerite
    K
     
    2
    		Mg(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Piypite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    2
    		[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI; Clark A.M., Fejer E.E., Couper A.G. (1984): Mineral.Mag., 48, 537-539; Effemberg H., Zemann J. (1984) Mineral.Mag., 48, 541-546]
  		•  Polyhalite
    K
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    2
    		Mg(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Portlandite
    Ca(OH)
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Potassic-ferropargasite
    KCa
     
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
    4
    		Al)Si
     
    6
    		Al
     
    2
    		O
     
    22
    		(OH)
     
    2
    Reference: [Barberi, F., Bizouard, H., Clocchiatti, R., Metrich, N., Santacroce, R., Sbrana, A. (1981): The Somma-Vesuvius magma chamber: a petrological and volcanological approach. Bulletin of Volcanology, 44, 295-315; Peccerillo, A. (2005): The Campania Province, Pontine Islands, and Mount Vulture. In: Plio-Quaternary Volcanism in Italy. Springer, Ed., Berlin Heidelberg, 129-171.]
  		•  'Proidonite'
    SiF
     
    4
    Description: Emitted as a gas during the 1872 eruption.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 100.]
  		•  Pseudobrookite
    Fe
     
    2
    		TiO
     
    5
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Pseudocotunnite (TL)
    K
     
    2
    		PbCl
     
    4
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred in active volcanic fumaroles in the 1872 and 1906 eruptions.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 96; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Pyrite
    FeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Pyrrhotite
    Fe
     
    7
    		S
     
    8
    		, (-4M), also given as Fe
     
    1-x
    		S (x = 0 - 0.2)
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Quadridavyne
    (Na,K)
     
    6
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[Cl
     
    4
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.-Schäfer
  		•  Ralstonite
    NaMgAl(F,OH)
     
    6
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Realgar
    As
     
    4
    		S
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.-Schäfer
  		•  Rinneite
    K
     
    3
    		Na[FeCl
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Salammoniac
    NH
     
    4
    		Cl
    Description: Occurs as a sublimate around active volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17, 105.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.-Schäfer
  		•  Sanidine
    K[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Sassolite
    H
     
    3
    		BO
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Scacchite (TL)
    MnCl
     
    2
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurred as a deliquescent salt in volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 41.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Selenium
    Se
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Sellaite
    MgF
     
    2
    Description: Found in ejecta blocks with anhydrite.
    Reference: [Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 39.]
  		•  Siderazot
    Fe
     
    5
    		N
     
    2
    Reference: [Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume I: 126; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Siderite
    FeCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
  		•  Sodalite
    Na
     
    8
    		[Cl
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506]
  		•  Sphalerite
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)S
    Reference: [http://www.mindat.org/mesg-21-65270.html]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.-Schäfer
  		•  Spinel
    MgAl
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © AMI-Antonazzo Pasquale
  		•  Sulphur
    S
     
    8
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Sylvite (TL)
    KCl
    Type Locality: Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    Description: Occurs in volcanic fumaroles with halite and in stalactites in the crater associated with gypsum, metavoltine and mitscherlichite.
    Reference: [Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume II, John Wiley & Sons, New York: 9.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.Schäfer
  		•  Syngenite
    K
     
    2
    		Ca(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: In cavities in an ejecta block during the 1906 eruption.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 444.; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Tenorite
    CuO
    Description: Occurs at volcanic fumaroles.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 75.]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Thenardite
    Na
     
    2
    		SO
     
    4
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 406, 435.]
  		•  Thermonatrite
    Na
     
    2
    		CO
     
    3
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 225; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Thomsonite-Ca
    NaCa
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    5
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    20
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Volker Betz
  		•  Titanite
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
  		•  Tridymite
    SiO
     
    2
    Description: found in an ejecta of 1822 eruption
    Reference: [vom Rath, G., (1872): Tridymit in Auswürflingen des Vesuves, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 233, 280-281] [Rath, G. vom, 1877: Über einige durch vulkanische Dämpfe gebildete Mineralien des Vesuvs, Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande, 144-167]
  		•  Trona
    Na
     
    3
    		H(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: Occurred as crusts on lava.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 139; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Vesuvianite
    Ca
     
    10
    		(Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    9
    		O
     
    34
    		(OH)
     
    4
    Reference: [Russo, M. (2003): Mineralogia Vesuviana - Villa Inglese. Micro (località), 2003, 1-10]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Rob Lavinsky
  		•  Volborthite
    Cu
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|V
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Description: occurs as a sublimate on the lavas erupted in 1631
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © C.H.M.Schäfer
  		•  Voltaite
    K
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
    5
    		Fe
    3+
    3
    		Al[SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    12
    		 · 18H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906]
  		•  Vonsenite
    Fe
    2+
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		[O
     
    2
    		|BO
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]
    Site Photo
    Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Mt. Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
    © Chinellato Matteo
  		•  Wagnerite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: Occurred with apatite in lava of 1872.
    Reference: [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 847; Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI]


    160 entries listed. 148 valid minerals. 23 type localities (valid minerals). 2 type localities (others). 1 erroneous literature entry.

    Localities in this Region:
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
          • Mt. Vesuvius
            • Terzigno

    The above list contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database!
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