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Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK

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A small hamlet on the Lleyn Peninsular. Rhiw was originally in the parish of Rhiw, which was then incorporated into the adjoining parish of Llanfaelrhys.

There are the remains of two small manganese mines here that were worked in the early 1900s and again during the Second World War.

The type locality for Banalsite, Bannisterite, Cymrite and Pennantite and the location of some of the world's finest crystals of Paracelsian.




Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities


Mineral List:
  		•  Alleghanyite
    Mn
    2+
    5
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Analcime
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Banalsite (TL)
    BaNa
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
     
    2
    Type Locality: Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    Reference: [Min.Mag.(1944) 27, 33-48; UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Knut Eldjarn
  		•  Bannisterite (TL)
    Ca
     
    0.5
    		(K,Na)
     
    0.5
    		(Mn,Fe,Zn)
     
    10
    		(Si,Al)
     
    16
    		O
     
    38
    		(OH)
     
    8
    		·5.5H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    Reference: [Smith, M.L. and Frondel, C. (1968) The related layered minerals ganophyllite, bannisterite and stilpnomelane. Mineralogical Magazine: 36: 893-913.; UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Baryte
    BaSO
     
    4
    Reference: [BMS Collection]
  		•  Birnessite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    0.5
    		(Mn
    4+
     
    		,Mn
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    		 · 1.5H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Bixbyite
    (Mn
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Caryopilite
    (Mn,Mg)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Celsian
    Ba[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Spencer, L.J. (1942) Barium feldspars, (celsian and paracelsian) from Wales. Mineralogical Magazine, 26, 231-245; BMS Collection.; UKJMM Vol.29 p.14]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Steve Rust
  		•  Cymrite (TL)
    BaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		(O,OH)
     
    8
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    Habit: masses to 2mm
    Reference: [Campbell Smith, W., Bannister, F. A., & Hey, M. H. (1949). Cymrite, a new barium mineral from the Benallt manganese mine, Rhiw, Carnarvoshire. Mineralogical Magazine, 28, 676-681. ; UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48; UKJMM Vol.29 p.14]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Steve Rust
  		•  Feitknechtite
    Mn
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Ganophyllite
    (K,Na,Ca)
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    8
    		(Si,Al)
     
    12
    		(O,OH)
     
    32
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Smith, M.L. and Frondel, C. (1968) The related layered minerals ganophyllite, bannisterite and stilpnomelane. Mineralogical Magazine: 36: 893-913.]
  		•  Harmotome
    (Ba
     
    0.5
    		,Ca
     
    0.5
    		,K,Na)
     
    5
    		[Al
     
    5
    		Si
     
    11
    		O
     
    32
    		] ·12H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Hausmannite
    MnMn
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Hyalophane
    (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: []
  		•  Iwakiite
    Mn(Fe,Mn)
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Jacobsite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Manganite
    Mn
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Manganosite
    MnO
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Natrolite
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Paracelsian
    Ba[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Spencer, L.J. (1942) Barium feldspars, (celsian and paracelsian) from Wales. Mineralogical Magazine, 26, 231-245.]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © ian Jones
  		•  Paragonite
    NaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Pennantite (TL)
    (Mn
     
    5
    		Al)(Si
     
    3
    		Al)O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    Type Locality: Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    Reference: [Campbell, et al (1946); Can. Min.:21(1983):545.; UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Piemontite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    Reference: [BMS Collection]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Steve Rust
  		•  Piemontite-(Sr)
    {CaSr}{Al
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    Reference: [UKJMM Vol.29 p.14]
  		•  Powellite
    Ca[MoO
     
    4
    		]
    Description: creamy-white microcrystals
    Reference: [Mational Museum of Wales database]
  		•  Pyrochroite
    Mn(OH)
     
    2
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Pyrolusite
    MnO
     
    2
    Reference: [No reference listed]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Steve Rust
  		•  Pyrophanite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    Reference: [No reference listed]
    Site Photo
    Benallt Mine (Tyddyn Meirion mine; Ty Canol mine), Rhiw, Llanfaelrhys, Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire), Wales, UK
    © Steve Rust
  		•  Rhodochrosite
    MnCO
     
    3
    Reference: [UK Journal of mines & Minerals, number 29 pp47-48]
  		•  Rhodonite
    MnSiO
     
    3
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Romanèchite
    (Ba,H
     
    2
    		O)
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    5
    		O
     
    10
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Strontianite
    SrCO
     
    3
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Tephroite
    Mn
    2+
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [No reference listed]


    35 entries listed. 34 valid minerals. 4 type localities (valid minerals).

    Localities in this Region:
    UK
     
    • Wales
      • Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire)
        • Lleyn Peninsula
          • Llanfaelrhys
            • Rhiw

    The above list contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database!
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 28th Nov 2009 06:42:44