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Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal

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A volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit of the Iberian pyrite belt, which consists of five orebodies (Corvo, Graça, Neves, Lombador and Zambujal).
The copper-zinc-silver mine started 1984. Was to have produced 1 million tons/year ore by 1987. Owned by RTZ (49%) & Somincor. This is one of the most gigantic deposits of massive sulphides in the world.



References:
- Mining Annual Review (1985): 203, 488.
- De Ascencao Guedes, R. (2004): Un gîte européen: l'amas sulfuré de Neves-Corvo, Portugal. Le Règne Minéral 56, 47-49.
- Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Multiple sources for ore-forming fluids in the Neves Corvo VHMS Deposit of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Portugal): strontium, neodymium and lead isotope evidence. Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427. DOI 10.1007/s001260100168
- Relvas, J.M.R.S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.
- Moura, A. (2008): Metallogenesis at the Neves Corvo VHMS deposit (Portugal): A contribution from the study of fluid inclusions. Ore Geology Reviews 34, 354-368.

- http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/mineral/tcm-61140-2.html





Mineral List:
  		•  Ankerite
    Ca(Fe
    2+
     
    		 ,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Arsenopyrite
    FeAsS - (Fe
     
    0.90
    		Co
     
    0.10
    		)AsS
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
     
  		•  Baryte
    BaSO
     
    4
    Reference: []
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Martins da Pedra
  		•  Bismuthinite
    Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Bornite
    Cu
     
    5
    		FeS
     
    4
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Nuno Sousa 2007
  		•  Bournonite
    PbCuSbS
     
    3
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Calcite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Reference: []
  		•  Cassiterite
    SnO
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Chalcopyrite
    CuFeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Martins da Pedra
  		•  Chamosite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    5
    		Al[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  'Chlorite Group'
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Cobaltite
    CoAsS
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Dolomite
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: []
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Martins da Pedra
  		•  Donbassite
    Al
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2.33
    		][Si
     
    3
    		AlO
     
    10
    		](OH)
     
    8
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Freibergite
    (Ag
     
    4+2x
    		Cu
     
    2-2x
    		)[(Cu, Ag)
     
    4
    		(Fe, Zn)
     
    2
    		]Sb
     
    4
    		S
     
    12
    		S
     
    1-x
    		 (0 < x < 1)
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Galena
    PbS
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Gold
    var: Electrum
    (Au, Ag)
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Graphite
    C
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Kaolinite
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Kësterite
    Cu
     
    2
    		(Zn,Fe)SnS
     
    4
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Löllingite
    FeAs
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Mawsonite
    Cu
     
    6
    		Fe
     
    2
    		SnS
     
    8
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Naumannite
    Ag
     
    2
    		Se
    Reference: [Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J., and Barriga, F.J.A.S. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 416-427.]
  		•  Pyrite
    FeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Quartz
    SiO
     
    2
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Quartz
    var: Jasper
    Reference: [Moura, A. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 354-368.]
  		•  Rutile
    TiO
     
    2
    Reference: [Moura, A. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 354-368.]
  		•  'Sericite'
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Siderite
    FeCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Sphalerite
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)S
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Stannite
    Cu
     
    2
    		(Fe,Zn)SnS
     
    4
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Stannoidite
    Cu
    +
    6
    		Cu
    2+
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Zn)
     
    3
    		Sn
     
    2
    		S
     
    12
    Reference: [Relvas, J. M. R. S. et al. (2006): Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in the Neves-Corvo Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Portugal. I. Geology, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Econ. Geology 101, 753-790.]
  		•  Tennantite
    (Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)
     
    12
    		As
     
    4
    		S
     
    13
    Reference: [Moura, A. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 354-368.]
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Martins da Pedra
  		•  Tetrahedrite
    (Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)
     
    12
    		Sb
     
    4
    		S
     
    13
    Reference: [Moura, A. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 354-368.]
    Site Photo
    Neves-Corvo Mine, Castro Verde, Beja District, Portugal
    © Martins da Pedra


    34 entries listed. 30 valid minerals.

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