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Libiola Mine, Sestri Levante, Genova Province, Liguria, Italy

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(Miniera di Libiola, Sestri Levante, Genova, Liguria, Italia)

Old abandoned copper mine (mined since 1864).



References:
- Bertolani M.(1952): I giacimenti cupriferi nelle ofioliti di Sestri Levante (Liguria). Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma pp. 149-170.
- Antofilli M., Borgo E., Palenzona A. (1983): I Nostri Minerali. Geologia e Mineralogia in Liguria. Sagep, Ed., Genova, 295 pp.

- http://www.strahlen.org/vp/it/libiola/libiola.htm




Group 1 - Elements
  		• Copper1.AA.05
    Cu
  		• Gold1.AA.05
    Au
  		• Silver1.AA.05
    Ag
    Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
  		• Bornite2.BA.15
    Cu
     
    5
    		FeS
     
    4
  		• Chalcocite2.BA.05
    Cu
     
    2
    		S
  		• Chalcopyrite2.CB.10a
    CuFeS
     
    2
  		• Covellite2.CA.05a
    CuS
  		• Cubanite2.CB.55a
    CuFe
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
  		• Marcasite2.EB.10a
    FeS
     
    2
  		• Pentlandite2.BB.15
    (Fe,Ni)
     
    9
    		S
     
    8
  		• Pyrite2.EB.05a
    FeS
     
    2
  		• Pyrrhotite2.CC.10
    Fe
     
    7
    		S
     
    8
    		, (-4M), also given as Fe
     
    1-x
    		S (x = 0 - 0.2)
  		• Sphalerite2.CB.05a
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)S
  		• Valleriite2.FD.30
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Cu)
     
    4
    		(Mg,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH,O)
     
    6
    		|S
     
    4
    		]
    Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
  		• Bernalite4.FC.05
    Fe(OH)
     
    3
    		 · nH
     
    2
    		O (n = 0.0 to 0.25)
  		• Chromite4.BB.05
    FeCr
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Cuprite4.AA.10
    Cu
     
    2
    		O
  		• Ferrihydrite4.FE.35
    Fe
     
    5
    		O
     
    3
    		(OH)
     
    9
  		• Goethite4.FD.10
    α-Fe
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
  		• Hematite4.CB.05
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
  		• Ilmenite4.CB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
  		• Lepidocrocite4.FE.15
    γ-Fe
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
  		• Magnetite4.BB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Pyrolusite4.DB.05
    MnO
     
    2
  		• Tenorite4.AB.10
    CuO
  		• Uraninite4.DL.05
    UO
     
    2
    Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
  		• Aragonite5.AB.15
    CaCO
     
    3
  		• Azurite5.BA.05
    Cu
     
    3
    		[OH|CO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
  		• Calcite5.AB.05
    CaCO
     
    3
      var: Cobaltoan Calcite5.AB.05
    (Ca,Co)CO
     
    3
  		• Malachite5.BA.10
    Cu
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|CO
     
    3
    		]
  		• Smithsonite5.AB.05
    ZnCO
     
    3
  		• Spherocobaltite5.AB.05
    CoCO
     
    3
    Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
  		• Alunogen7.CB.45
    Al
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		·17H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Antlerite7.BB.15
    Cu
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Bieberite7.CB.35
    CoSO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Bonattite7.CB.10
    CuSO
     
    4
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Botryogen7.DC.25
    MgFe
    3+
     
    		[OH|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Brochantite7.BB.25
    Cu
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    6
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Carbonatecyanotrichite7.DE.10
    Cu
     
    4
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    12
    		|(CO
     
    3
    		,SO
     
    4
    		)] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Chalcanthite7.CB.20
    CuSO
     
    4
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Chalcoalumite7.DD.75
    CuAl
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    12
    		|SO
     
    4
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Copiapite7.DB.35
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[OH|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 20H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Cyanotrichite7.DE.10
    Cu
     
    4
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    12
    		|SO
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Devilline7.DD.30
    CaCu
     
    4
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Epsomite7.CB.40
    MgSO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Felsőbányaite7.DD.05
    Al
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    10
    		|SO
     
    4
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Gypsum7.CD.40
    Ca[SO
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Halotrichite7.CB.85
    FeAl
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·22H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Jarosite7.BC.10
    KFe
    3+
     
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
  		• Langite7.DD.10
    Cu
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    6
    		|SO
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Melanterite7.CB.35
    FeSO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
      var: Cuprian Melanterite7.CB.35
    (Fe,Cu)SO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Pickeringite7.CB.85
    MgAl
     
    2
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·22H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Schwertmannite7.DE.15
    Fe
    3+
    16
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH,SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    12-13
    		 · 10-12H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Siderotil7.CB.20
    FeSO
     
    4
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    Group 9 - Silicates
  		• Actinolite
    var: Nephrite    		9.DE.10
    ☐Ca
     
    2
    		(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    5
    		(Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		)(OH)
     
    2
  		• Allophane9.ED.20
    (Al
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    		)(SiO
     
    2
    		)
     
    1.3-2
    		·2.5-3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Andradite9.AD.25
    Ca
     
    3
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
  		• Chrysocolla9.ED.20
    (Cu,Al)
     
    2
    		H
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Cronstedtite9.ED.15
    Fe
    2+
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		[(Si,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		](OH)
     
    4
  		• Diopside9.DA.15
    CaMg[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
  		• Greenalite9.ED.15
    Fe
     
    2-3
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Halloysite9.ED.10
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Kaolinite9.ED.05
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Montmorillonite9.EC.40
    (Na,Ca)
     
    0.33
    		(Al,Mg)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Nontronite9.EC.40
    Na
     
    0.3
    		Fe
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Pyrophyllite9.EC.10
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
  		• Titanite9.AG.15
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Uvarovite9.AD.25
    Ca
     
    3
    		Cr
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3


    70 entries listed. 69 valid minerals.

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