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Barreiro, Araxá, Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil

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Weathered, circular carbonatite complex, consisting of three separate deposits hosted in beforsite, glimmerite, sövite, and some pyroxenite. With a diameter of 4.5 km, the Barreiro complex is the world's largest niobium deposit. Ore reserves were estimated in the early 1980s at more than 450 million tonnes of Nb ore (2.5% Nb2O5, 4.4% REO), and about 0.8 million tonnes of laterite ore (13.5% REO, 2% Nb2O5, 0.05% U3O8).



References:
- Nasraoui, M. and Waerenborgh, J.C. (2001): Fe speciation in weathered pyrochlore-group minerals from the Lueshe and Araxá (Barreiro) carbonatites by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Canadian Mineralogist 39, 1073-1080.
- Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): Rare earth element mines, deposits, and occurrences. USGS Open-File Report 02-189.





 Map Reference: 19°38'S , 46°56'W

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Mineral List:
  		•  Aegirine-augite
    (Na,Ca)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Al)Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  'Ancylite'
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Ankerite
    Ca(Fe
    2+
     
    		 ,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: []
  		•  'Apatite'
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Arfvedsonite
    [Na][Na
     
    2
    		][Fe
    2+
    4
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Bariopyrochlore
    (Ba,Sr)
     
    2-x
    		(Nb,Ti)
     
    2
    		(O,OH)
     
    7
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Baryte
    BaSO
     
    4
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
    Site Photo
    Barreiro, Araxá, Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil
    © Brhounds
  		•  Böhmite
    AlO(OH)
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Calcite
    CaCO
     
    3
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Ceriopyrochlore-(Ce)
    (Ce,Ca,Y)
     
    2
    		(Nb,Ta)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH,F)
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Dolomite
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Eckermannite
    [Na][Na
     
    2
    		][(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    4
    		Al][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: []
  		•  Gibbsite
    Al(OH)
     
    3
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Goethite
    α-Fe
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Gorceixite
    BaAl
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Goyazite
    SrAl
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Hematite
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Ilmenite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Isokite
    CaMg[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Kaolinite
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Limonite
    FeO(OH)·nH
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Magnetite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  'Monazite'
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: []
  		•  Pyrite
    FeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Pyrochlore
    (Ca,Na)
     
    2
    		Nb
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH,F)
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Quartz
    SiO
     
    2
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]
  		•  Vermiculite
    (Mg,Fe,Al)
     
    3
    		(Al,Si)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.]


    28 entries listed. 24 valid minerals.

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