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Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia

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Open pit apatite deposit. Alkaline massif with ultra-agpaitic pegmatites, urtite, as well as foidolites and apatite-nepheline rocks with aegirine-microcline, aegirine-nepheline-microcline and titanite-aegirine-nepheline veins, and olivine melanephelinite dikes.



References:
- Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Spinel-Group Minerals in Rocks of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
- Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Spinel-Group Minerals in Rocks of the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
- Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Elpasolite from Hyperalkaline Pegmatite of the Khibiny Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Symmetry of Elpasolite. Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.





 Map Reference: 67°37'N , 34°0'E

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Mineral List:
  		•  Aegirine
    NaFe
    3+
     
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Aegirine-augite
    (Na,Ca)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Al)Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Aenigmatite
    Na
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
    5
    		TiO
     
    2
    		(Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		)
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Albite
    Na[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Amicite
    K
     
    2
    		Na
     
    2
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    16
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.]
  		•  'Amphibole Group'
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Andrianovite (TL)
    Na
     
    12
    		(K,Sr,Ce)
     
    3
    		Ca
     
    6
    		Mn
     
    3
    		Zr
     
    3
    		Nb(Si
     
    25
    		O
     
    73
    		)(O,H
     
    2
    		O,OH)
     
    5
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [New Minerals Approved in 2007: Proposals approved in May 2007]
  		•  Annite
    KFe
    2+
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Anorthoclase
    (Na,K)[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Arctite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    4
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Arfvedsonite
    [Na][Na
     
    2
    		][Fe
    2+
    4
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Astrophyllite
    (K,Na)
     
    3
    		(Fe,Mn)
     
    7
    		Ti
     
    2
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    24
    		(O,OH)
     
    7
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.]
  		•  Augite
    (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Ti)[(Si,Al)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Men’shikov, Y.P., Konopleva, N.G., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 732-745.]
  		•  Barytolamprophyllite
    (Ba,Na)
     
    2
    		(Na,Ti,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    4
    		Ti
     
    2
    		[O|(OH,F)|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Belovite-(Ce)
    NaSr
     
    3
    		(Ce,La)[(F,OH)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  'Bitumen'
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.]
  		•  Cancrinite
    Na
     
    6
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Catapleiite
    Na
     
    2
    		Zr[Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    		]·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Chalcocite
    Cu
     
    2
    		S
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Chalcopyrite
    CuFeS
     
    2
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Chkalovite
    Na
     
    2
    		BeSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Reference: [AmMin 87:181]; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Chlorbartonite (TL)
    K6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Description: Chlorbartonite occurs in a microcline – pectolite – sodalite – aegirine hydrothermal vein in the heterogeneous feldspathic urtite.
    Reference: [Canadian Mineralogist (2003) 41, pp. 503-511]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Sergey Vasiliev
  		•  Clinophosinaite (TL)
    Na
     
    12
    		(Ca,Sr)
     
    4
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		)
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [ZVMO,(1981) 110, 351-355, [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Crawfordite (TL)
    Na
     
    3
    		Sr[PO
     
    4
    		|CO
     
    3
    		]
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [MinRec 27:202]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © 2008, JGW
  		•  Deloneite-(Ce) (TL)
    NaCa
     
    2
    		SrCe(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © 2006 M. Kampf
  		•  Diopside
    CaMg[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Men’shikov, Y.P., Konopleva, N.G., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 732-745.]
  		•  Djerfisherite
    K
     
    6
    		(Cu,Fe,Ni)
     
    25
    		S
     
    26
    		Cl
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Dolomite
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: [Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.]
  		•  Dorfmanite (TL)
    Na
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    3
    		OH)·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Elpasolite
    NaK
     
    2
    		[AlF
     
    6
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.]
  		•  Ershovite (TL)
    Na
     
    4
    		K
     
    3
    		(Fe,Mn,Ti)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Peter Kohorst
  		•  Eudialyte
    Na
     
    15
    		Ca
     
    6
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		Zr
     
    3
    		[Si
     
    25
    		O
     
    73
    		](O,OH,H
     
    2
    		O)
     
    3
    		(OH,Cl)
     
    2
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Fluorcaphite (TL)
    (Ca,Sr,Ce,Na)
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Leon Hupperichs
  		•  Fluorite
    CaF
     
    2
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Forsterite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.]
  		•  Galena
    PbS
    Reference: [Can Min (2002) 40, (3), 961-970 ; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Ilmenite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  IMA2009-014 (TL)
    SrF
     
    2
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA Approvals - June 2009]
  		•  IMA2009-015 (TL)
    NaSrCeF
     
    6
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA approvals - June 2009]
  		•  IMA2009-028 (TL)
    Na
     
    8
    		(Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		)(CO
     
    3
    		)·3.5H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA approvals - July 2009]
  		•  Ivanyukite-Cu (TL)
    Cu[Ti
     
    4
    		O
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]·7H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA website - Proposals approved December 2007; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Brent Thorne 2009
  		•  Ivanyukite-K (TL)
    K
     
    2
    		[Ti
     
    4
    		O
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]·9H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA website - Proposals approved December 2007; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  'Ivanyukite-Na' (TL)
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [IMA website - Proposals approved December 2007]
  		•  Ivanyukite-Na-C (TL)
    Na
     
    2
    		[Ti
     
    4
    		O
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Ivanyukite-Na-T (TL)
    Na
     
    2
    		[Ti
     
    4
    		(OH)O
     
    3
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]·7H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Kazakovite
    Na
     
    6
    		Ti[Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  'K Feldspar'
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Koashvite (TL)
    Na
     
    6
    		(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Knut Eldjarn
  		•  Kostylevite
    K
     
    2
    		ZrSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Pavel M. Kartashov
  		•  'Labuntsovite Group'
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Labuntsovite-Mn
    Na
     
    4
    		K
     
    4
    		(Ba,K)
     
    2
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		(Ti,Nb)
     
    8
    		[(O,OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		]
     
    4
    		 · 10-12H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Labyrinthite (TL)
    (Na,K,Sr)
     
    35
    		Ca
     
    12
    		Fe
     
    3
    		Zr
     
    6
    		TiSi
     
    51
    		O
     
    144
    		(O,OH,H
     
    2
    		O)
     
    9
    		Cl
     
    3
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Excalibur Minerals]
  		•  Lamprophyllite
    (Sr,K,Ba)
     
    2
    		(Na,Ti,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    4
    		Ti
     
    2
    		[O|(O,OH,F)|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © B. Otter
  		•  Lemmleinite-K (TL)
    K
     
    2
    		(Ti,Nb)
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Stephan Wolfsried
  		•  Lisitsynite (TL)
    KBSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [AmMin 87:181]
  		•  Lomonosovite
    Na
     
    5
    		Ti
     
    2
    		[O
     
    2
    		|PO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Pavel M. Kartashov
  		•  Lovozerite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca(Zr,Ti)[Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    12
    		(OH,O)
     
    6
    		]*H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Magnesioastrophyllite
    (Na,K)
     
    4
    		Mg
     
    2
    		(Fe,Fe,Mn)
     
    5
    		Ti
     
    2
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    24
    		(O,OH,F)
     
    7
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Magnesiochromite
    MgCr
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.]
  		•  'Magnesium Astrophyllite'
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Magnetite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
    Reference: [Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Paul Bongaerts
  		•  Manganoneptunite
    Na
     
    2
    		KLi(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    2
    		[Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Megakalsilite (TL)
    KAlSiO
     
    4
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Can Min (2002) 40, (3), 961-970 ]
  		•  Microcline
    K[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Reference: [AmMin 87:181]; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Murunskite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    3
    		FeS
     
    4
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., and Agakhanov, A.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 583-589.]
  		•  Nacaphite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © 2008, J. Weissman
  		•  Natisite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ti[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Natrite
    Na
     
    2
    		CO
     
    3
    Reference: [Can Min (2002) 40, (3), 961-970 ]
  		•  Natrolite
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © G. van der Veldt
  		•  Natrophosphate
    Na
     
    7
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		F·19H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © luigi chiappino
  		•  Nepheline
    (Na,K)[AlSiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Pectolite
    NaCa
     
    2
    		[HSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    		]
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Petersenite-(Ce)
    Na
     
    4
    		(Ce,La,Nd)
     
    2
    		(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    5
    Reference: [33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
  		•  Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    Reference: [Can Min (2002) 40, (3), 961-970 ]
  		•  Phosinaite-(Ce) (TL)
    Na
     
    13
    		Ca
     
    2
    		(Ce,La,Th,Nd,Pr)[(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		]
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Potassicarfvedsonite
    [(K,Na)][Na
     
    2
    		][Fe
    2+
    4
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Potassic-ferrorichterite
    [K][CaNa][Fe
    2+
    5
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Potassicrichterite
    K[CaNa][Mg
     
    5
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Pyrite
    FeS
     
    2
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Pyrochlore
    (Ca,Na)
     
    2
    		Nb
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH,F)
    Reference: [Konopleva, N.G., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Korchak, Y.A. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 720-731.]
  		•  Rasvumite
    KFe
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Remondite-(La) (TL)
    Na
     
    3
    		(La,Ce)
     
    3
    		(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    5
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [I.V. Pekov, N.V. Chukanov, N.N. Kononkova, A.E. Zadov & Yu.V. Belovitskaya (2000) Zap. Vser. Min. Ob. 129 (1), 53-60]
  		•  'Rhabdophane'
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Rhabdophane-(Ce)
    (Ce,La)PO
     
    4
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Elmar Lackner 2009
  		•  Rinkite
    Na(Na,Ca)
     
    2
    		(Ca,Ce)
     
    4
    		Ti[F
     
    2
    		|(O,F)
     
    2
    		|(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
  		•  Sazykinaite-(Y) (TL)
    Na
     
    5
    		YZr[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    6
    		 · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [MinRec 27:204]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Stephan Wolfsried
  		•  Shafranovskite
    (Na,K)
     
    6
    		(Mn,Fe)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    9
    		O
     
    24
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Shcherbakovite
    Na(K,Ba)
     
    2
    		(Ti,Nb)
     
    2
    		[O|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
     
    2
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Element51.com
  		•  Sidorenkite
    Na
     
    3
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		[PO
     
    4
    		|CO
     
    3
    		]
    Reference: [33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
  		•  Sitinakite
    KNa
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    4
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    13
    		(OH)·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Elmar Lackner
  		•  Sodalite
    Na
     
    8
    		[Cl
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    6
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    24
    		]
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Sphalerite
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)S
    Reference: [AmMin 85:1844; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Steenstrupine-(Ce)
    Na
     
    14
    		Mn
    2+
    2
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Ce
     
    6
    		(Zr,Th)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|HPO
     
    4
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    		|(Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		)
     
    2
    		]·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Thermonatrite
    Na
     
    2
    		CO
     
    3
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [AmMin 87:181]
  		•  Thorosteenstrupine
    CaMnThSi
     
    4
    		O
     
    11
    		(OH)F·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [No reference listed]
  		•  Tiettaite (TL)
    (Na,K)
     
    17
    		FeTiSi
     
    16
    		O
     
    29
    		(OH)
     
    30
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © 2008, J. Weissman
  		•  Tisinalite (TL)
    Na
     
    3
    		H
     
    3
    		(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi
     
    6
    		(O,OH)
     
    18
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Titanite
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Reference: [Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.]
  		•  Troilite
    FeS
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Umbite
    K
     
    2
    		(Zr,Ti)Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
     
  		•  Villiaumite
    NaF
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; 33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    © Martins da Pedra
  		•  Vinogradovite
    (Na,Ca,K)
     
    4
    		Ti
     
    4
    		AlSi
     
    6
    		O
     
    23
    		(OH)·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Kononkova, N.N., Zubkova, N.V., Rabadanov, M.K., and Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 749-754.; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009]
  		•  Vitusite-(Ce)
    Na
     
    3
    		(Ce,La,Nd)(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    Reference: [33 IGC excursion No 47, July 22 – August 2, 2008 Stop 2-2]
  		•  Vuonnemite
    Na
     
    11
    		Ti
    4+
     
    		Nb
     
    2
    		(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    		(F,OH)
    Reference: [Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]
  		•  Wilhelmramsayite (TL)
    Cu
     
    3
    		FeS
     
    3
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Boldyreva, M.M., Dubinchuk, V.T. (2006): Wilhelmramsayite, Cu3FeS3•2H2O, a new mineral from Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society, 135(1), 38-48. ]
    Site Photo
    Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
     
  		•  Zakharovite
    Na
     
    4
    		Mn
     
    5
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    24
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    Reference: [World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
  		•  Zirsinalite (TL)
    Na
     
    6
    		(Ca,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)Zr[Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		]
    Type Locality: Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
    Reference: [ZVMO,(1974) 103, 551-558; World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow]


    108 entries listed. 98 valid minerals. 27 type localities (valid minerals). 1 type locality (other).

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