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Witwatersrand field, Free State Province, South Africa

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Ref.: Cousins, C.A. (1973) Platinoids of the Witwatersrand system. Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: 73: 184-199.

MacLean, P.J. and Fleet, M.E. (1989) Detrital pyrite in the Witwatersrand gold fields of South Africa: evidence from truncated growth banding. Economic Geology: 84: 2008-2011.

Fleet, M.E. (1998a) Detrital pyrite in Witwatersrand gold reefs: X-ray diffraction evidence and implications for atmospheric evolution. Terra Nova: 10: 302-306.

The Witwatersrand is a large basin of metamorphosed conglomerates that forms the greatest gold field in the world. It stretches for 350 km long by 200 km wide with a thickness that can excede 10,000m. The mines have reached depths of 3600m. It occurs in several provinces of South Africa.




Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Group 1 - Elements
  		• Diamond1.CB.10a
    C
  		• Gold1.AA.05
    Au
  		• Graphite1.CB.05a
    C
  		• Iridium1.AF.10
    (Ir,Os,Ru)
      var: Osmiridium1.AF.10
    (Ir,Os,Ru)
      var: Platiniridium1.AF.10
    (Ir,Pt)
      var: Ruthenosmiridium1.AF.10
    (Ir,Os,Ru)
  		• Isoferroplatinum1.AG.35
    Pt
     
    3
    		Fe
  		• Osmium1.AF.05
    (Os,Ir,Ru)
      var: Iridosmine1.AF.05
    (Os,Ir)
  		• Silver1.AA.05
    Ag
  		• Tellurium1.CC.10
    Te
    Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
  		• Arsenopyrite2.EB.20
    FeAsS - (Fe
     
    0.90
    		Co
     
    0.10
    		)AsS
  		• Bornite2.BA.15
    Cu
     
    5
    		FeS
     
    4
  		• Braggite2.CC.35a
    (Pt,Pd,Ni)S
  		• Calaverite2.EA.10
    AuTe
     
    2
  		• Chalcocite2.BA.05
    Cu
     
    2
    		S
  		• Chalcopyrite2.CB.10a
    CuFeS
     
    2
  		• Cobaltite2.EB.25
    CoAsS
  		• Cooperite2.CC.35b
    (Pt,Pd,Ni)S
  		• Covellite2.CA.05a
    CuS
  		• Cubanite2.CB.55a
    CuFe
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
  		• Digenite2.BA.10
    Cu
     
    9
    		S
     
    5
  		• Dyscrasite2.AA.35
    Ag
     
    3
    		Sb
  		• Erlichmanite2.EB.05a
    OsS
     
    2
  		• Galena2.CD.10
    PbS
  		• Gersdorffite2.EB.25
    NiAsS
  		• Geversite2.EB.05a
    PtSb
     
    2
  		• Glaucodot2.EB.10c
    (Co
     
    0.50
    		Fe
     
    0.50
    		)AsS
  		• Hollingworthite2.EB.25
    (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
  		• Irarsite2.EB.25
    (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
  		• Iridarsenite2.AC.45b
    (Ir,Ru)As
     
    2
  		• Laurite2.EB.05a
    RuS
     
    2
  		• Linnaeite2.DA.05
    Co
    2+
     
    		Co
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
  		• Löllingite2.EB.15a
    FeAs
     
    2
  		• Mackinawite2.CC.25
    (Fe,Ni)
     
    9
    		S
     
    8
  		• Marcasite2.EB.10a
    FeS
     
    2
  		• Michenerite2.EB.25
    PdBiTe
  		• Millerite2.CC.20
    NiS
  		• Molybdenite2.EA.30
    MoS
     
    2
  		• Moncheite2.EA.20
    (Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)
     
    2
  		• Nickeline2.CC.05
    NiAs
  		• Osarsite2.EB.20
    (Os,Ru)AsS
  		• Pentlandite2.BB.15
    (Fe,Ni)
     
    9
    		S
     
    8
  		• Proustite2.GA.05
    Ag
     
    3
    		AsS
     
    3
  		• Pyrite2.EB.05a
    FeS
     
    2
  		• Pyrrhotite2.CC.10
    Fe
     
    7
    		S
     
    8
    		, (-4M), also given as Fe
     
    1-x
    		S (x = 0 - 0.2)
  		• Ruthenarsenite2.CC.15
    (Ru,Ni)As
  		• Safflorite2.EB.15a
    (Co,Fe,Ni)As
     
    2
  		• Skutterudite2.EC.05
    (Co,Fe,Ni)As
     
    2-3
  		• Sperrylite2.EB.05a
    PtAs
     
    2
  		• Sphalerite2.CB.05a
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)S
  		• Stibiopalladinite2.AC.20a
    Pd
     
    5
    		Sb
     
    2
  		• Stibnite2.DB.05
    Sb
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
  		• Stromeyerite2.BA.40
    AgCuS
  		• Sudburyite2.CC.05
    (Pd,Ni)Sb
  		• Tennantite2.GB.05
    (Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)
     
    12
    		As
     
    4
    		S
     
    13
  		• Tetrahedrite2.GB.05
    (Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)
     
    12
    		Sb
     
    4
    		S
     
    13
  		• Troilite2.CC.10
    FeS
  		• Tučekite2.BB.10
    Ni
     
    9
    		Sb
     
    2
    		S
     
    8
    Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
  		• Anatase4.DD.05
    TiO
     
    2
  		• Betafite4.DH.15
    (Ca,U)
     
    2
    		(Ti,Nb)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH)
  		• Brannerite4.DH.05
    (U
    4+
     
    		,Ca)(Ti,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
  		• Brookite4.DD.10
    TiO
     
    2
  		• Cassiterite4.DB.05
    SnO
     
    2
  		• Chromite4.BB.05
    FeCr
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Corundum4.CB.05
    Al
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
  		• Euxenite-(Y)4.DG.05
    (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
  		• Hematite4.CB.05
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
  		• Hercynite
    var: Picotite    		4.BB.05
    (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Ilmenite4.CB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
  		• Magnetite4.BB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Quartz4.DA.05
    SiO
     
    2
  		• Rutile4.DB.05
    TiO
     
    2
  		• Uraninite4.DL.05
    UO
     
    2
    Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
  		• Calcite5.AB.05
    CaCO
     
    3
  		• Dolomite5.AB.10
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
  		• Baryte7.AD.35
    BaSO
     
    4
    Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
  		• Xenotime-(Y)8.AD.35
    YPO
     
    4
    Group 9 - Silicates
  		• Biotite9..
  		• Chloritoid9.AF.85
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Al
     
    2
    		[O|(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Coffinite9.AD.30
    (U,Th)[(OH)
     
    4x
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    1-x
    		]
  		• Epidote9.BG.05
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
  		• Kaolinite9.ED.05
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Kyanite9.AF.15
    Al
     
    2
    		[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Margarite9.EC.30
    CaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
  		• Muscovite9.EC.15
    KAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
  		• Pyrophyllite9.EC.10
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
  		• Rectorite9.EC.60
    (Na,Ca)Al
     
    4
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Sudoite9.EC.55
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
  		• Thorite9.AD.30
    (Th,U)[SiO
     
    4
    		]
      var: Uranothorite9.AD.30
    (Th,U)SiO
     
    4
  		• Titanite9.AG.15
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Zircon9.AD.30
    Zr[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Unclassified Minerals
  		• 'Apatite'-
  		• 'Chlorite Group'-
  		• Columbite-
    (Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
  		• 'Feldspar Group'-
  		• 'Garnet Group'-
    X
     
    3
    		Z
     
    2
    		(TO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		 (X = Ca, Fe, etc·, Z = Al, Cr, etc·, T = Si, As, V)
  		• Leucoxene-
  		• 'Monazite'-
  		• 'Tourmaline'-
    AD
     
    3
    		G
     
    6
    		(BO
     
    3
    		)
     
    3
    		[T
     
    6
    		O
     
    18
    		]Y
     
    3
    		Z


    102 entries listed. 93 valid minerals.

    Localities in this Region:
    South Africa
     
    • Free State Province
      • Witwatersrand field
        • Theunissen
        • Virginia District

    The above list contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database!
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Jobs in South Africa Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 14th Nov 2009 02:48:05