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Kramer Borate deposit, Boron, Kramer District, Kern Co., California, USA

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REF:Deposit:: U.S. BUREAU OF MINES' MINERALS YEARBOOK, 1978-1979, VOL. 1, P 120.
Deposit:: SMITH, W.C., 1968, BORAX SOLUTION AT KRAMER, CALIFORNIA, ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, VOL. 63, NO. 2, P. 877 - 883.
Deposit:: NOBLE, L.F., 1926, BORATE DEPOSITS IN THE KRAMER DISTRICT KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, USGS BULLETIN 785-C, P. 45 - 61.
Deposit:: SCHALLER, W.T., 1929, BORATE MINERALS FROM THE KRAMER DISTRICT, MOJAVE DESERT, CALIFORNIA, USGS PROFESSIONAL PAPER 158, P. 137 - 170.
Deposit:: OBERT, L., AND LONG, A.E., 1962, UNDERGROUND BORATE MINING, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, USBM REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS 6110, P. 1 - 12.
Deposit:: VER PLANK, W.E., 1962, KRAMER BORATE DISTRICT, CALIFORNIA DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY COUNTY REPORT 1, P. 39 - 40.
Deposit:: O'DRISCOLL, MIKE, 1990, MINERALS IN THE US SOUTH-WEST--BREAKING ROCKS IN THE HOT SUN: INDUSTRIAL MINERALS, NO. 272, P. 56, 59.
Deposit:: KISTLER, R.B., AND SMITH, W.C., 1975, BORON AND BORATES, IN LEFOND, S.J., ED., INDUSTRIAL MINERALS AND ROCKS (NONMETALLICS OTHER THAN FUELS): NEW YORK, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING, METALLURGICAL, AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERS, INC., P. 473-496.
Deposit:: ROSKILL INFORMATION SERVICES LTD., 1993, THE ECONOMICS OF BORON 1993, 7TH ED.: LONDON, ROSKILL INFORMATION SERVICES LTD., 156 P.
Deposit:: SMITH, G.I., 1985, BORATE DEPOSITS IN THE UNITED STATES - DISSIMILAR IN FORM, SIMILAR IN GEOLOGIC SETTING, IN BARKER, J.M., AND LEFOND, S.J., EDS., BORATES: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY AND PRODUCTION: NEW YORK, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING, METALLURGICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERS, INC., P. 37-51.
Other Database:: CIMRI
Production:: WORLD MINING DEVELOPMENTS 1979-80, P. 419.
Reserve-Resource:: KISTLER AND SMITH, 1985; ROSKILL, 1993.
Commodities (Major) - Boron-Borates; (Trace) - Arsenic, Antimony, Clay - Bentonite
Development Status: Producer
Deposit Model: 260: Lacustrine borates
Host Rock Unit: Tank Hill Limestone
Structure: Downwarped Ancient Lakebed, Folded And Faulted, Structural Basin, Portal Fault (Strikes West)
Host Rock: Shale, Claystone, Sandstone, Volcanic Ash
Tectonic Structure: West Central Mojave Desert





 Map Reference: 35°2'28"N , 117°41'14"W

This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.


Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Group 1 - Elements
  		• Arsenic1.CA.05
    As
  		• Sulphur1.CC.05
    S
     
    8
    Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
  		• Berthierite2.HA.20
    FeSb
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
  		• Gerstleyite (TL)2.HE.05
    Na
     
    2
    		(Sb,As)
     
    8
    		S
     
    13
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Greigite2.DA.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
  		• Mackinawite2.CC.25
    (Fe,Ni)
     
    9
    		S
     
    8
  		• Orpiment2.FA.30
    As
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
  		• Pararealgar2.FA.15b
    As
     
    4
    		S
     
    4
  		• Pyrite2.EB.05a
    FeS
     
    2
  		• Pyrrhotite2.CC.10
    Fe
     
    7
    		S
     
    8
    		, (-4M), also given as Fe
     
    1-x
    		S (x = 0 - 0.2)
  		• Realgar2.FA.15a
    As
     
    4
    		S
     
    4
  		• Smythite2.CC.10
    (Fe,Ni)
     
    9
    		S
     
    11
  		• Stibnite2.DB.05
    Sb
     
    2
    		S
     
    3
    Group 3 - Halides
  		• Halite3.AA.20
    NaCl
    Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
  		• Arsenolite4.CB.50
    As
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
  		• Hematite4.CB.05
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
  		• Ilmenite4.CB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
  		• Lepidocrocite4.FE.15
    γ-Fe
    3+
     
    		O(OH)
  		• Magnetite4.BB.05
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		O
     
    4
  		• Opal4.DA.10
    SiO
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Pseudobrookite4.CB.15
    Fe
     
    2
    		TiO
     
    5
  		• Quartz4.DA.05
    SiO
     
    2
  		• Rutile4.DB.05
    TiO
     
    2
  		• Tridymite4.DA.10
    SiO
     
    2
    Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
  		• Aragonite5.AB.15
    CaCO
     
    3
  		• Barytocalcite5.AB.45
    BaCa(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
  		• Calcite5.AB.05
    CaCO
     
    3
  		• Dolomite5.AB.10
    CaMg(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
  		• Rhodochrosite5.AB.05
    MnCO
     
    3
  		• Strontianite5.AB.15
    SrCO
     
    3
  		• Witherite5.AB.15
    BaCO
     
    3
    Group 6 - Borates
  		• Borax6.DA.10
    Na
     
    2
    		[B
     
    4
    		O
     
    7
    		] · 10H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Colemanite6.CB.10
    Ca[B
     
    3
    		O
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    3
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Howlite6.CB.20
    Ca
     
    2
    		B
     
    5
    		SiO
     
    9
    		(OH)
     
    5
  		• Hydroboracite6.CB.15
    CaMg[B
     
    3
    		O
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Inderite6.CA.15
    Mg(H
     
    4
    		B
     
    3
    		O
     
    7
    		)(OH) · 5H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Inyoite6.CA.35
    Ca(H
     
    4
    		B
     
    3
    		O
     
    7
    		)(OH) · 4H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Kernite (TL)6.DB.05
    Na
     
    2
    		[B
     
    4
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Kurnakovite6.CA.20
    Mg(H
     
    4
    		B
     
    3
    		O
     
    7
    		)(OH) · 5H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Meyerhofferite6.CA.30
    Ca
     
    2
    		(H
     
    3
    		B
     
    3
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    2
    		 · 4H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Probertite (TL)6.EB.15
    NaCaB
     
    5
    		O
     
    7
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Sassolite6.AA.05
    H
     
    3
    		BO
     
    3
  		• Tincalconite6.DA.15
    Na
     
    2
    		[B
     
    4
    		O
     
    7
    		] · 5H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Tunellite (TL)6.FC.05
    SrB
     
    6
    		O
     
    9
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Ulexite6.EA.25
    NaCa[B
     
    5
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		] · 5H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Veatchite6.EC.15
    Sr
     
    2
    		B
     
    11
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH)
     
    5
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
  		• Baryte7.AD.35
    BaSO
     
    4
  		• Copiapite7.DB.35
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[OH|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 20H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Epsomite7.CB.40
    MgSO
     
    4
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Gypsum7.CD.40
    Ca[SO
     
    4
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Mirabilite7.CD.10
    Na
     
    2
    		SO
     
    4
    		·10H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Natrojarosite7.BC.10
    NaFe
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
  		• Sideronatrite7.DF.20
    Na
     
    2
    		Fe(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		OH·3H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Thenardite7.AC.25
    Na
     
    2
    		SO
     
    4
    Group 9 - Silicates
  		• Albite9.FA.35
    Na[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
  		• Analcime9.GB.05
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Anorthite
    var: Labradorite    		9.FA.35
    (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
  		• Augite9.DA.15
    (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Ti)[(Si,Al)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
  		• Biotite9..
  		• Chabazite-Na9.GD.10
    (Na
     
    2
    		,K
     
    2
    		,Ca,Sr,Mg)
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 12H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Clinoptilolite-Na9.GE.05
    (Na,K,Ca)
     
    2-3
    		Al
     
    3
    		(Al,Si)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    13
    		O
     
    36
    		·12H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Epidote9.BG.05
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
  		• Garrelsite9.AJ.15
    Ba
     
    3
    		NaSi
     
    2
    		B
     
    7
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Gmelinite-Na9.GD.05
    (Na
     
    2
    		,Ca)[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Heulandite-Na9.GE.05
    (Na,Ca)
     
    2-3
    		Al
     
    3
    		(Al,Si)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    13
    		O
     
    36
    		·12H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Hisingerite9.ED.10
    Fe
    3+
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Kaolinite9.ED.05
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
  		• Mazzite-Na (TL)9.GC.20
    Na
     
    4
    		[Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    14
    		O
     
    36
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 30H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Microcline9.FA.30
    K[AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		]
  		• Montmorillonite9.EC.40
    (Na,Ca)
     
    0.33
    		(Al,Mg)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Mordenite9.GD.35
    (Na
     
    2
    		,Ca,K
     
    2
    		)Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    24
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Muscovite9.EC.15
    KAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
  		• Natrolite9.GA.05
    Na
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Phillipsite-Na9.GC.10
    (Na,K,Ca
     
    0.5
    		,Ba
     
    0.5
    		)
     
    4-7
    		[Al
     
    4-7
    		Si
     
    12-9
    		O
     
    32
    		] · 12H
     
    2
    		O
  		• Phlogopite9.EC.20
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
  		• Saponite
    var: Ferroan Saponite    		9.EC.45
    Ca
     
    0.25
    		(Mg,Fe)
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• Searlesite9.EF.15
    NaBSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    2
  		• Titanite9.AG.15
    CaTi[O|SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• Zircon9.AD.30
    Zr[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    Unclassified Minerals
  		• 'Apatite'-
  		• 'Bentonite'-
  		• 'Chlorite Group'-
  		• 'Clay'-
  		• 'Clinoptilolite'-
  		• 'Erionite'-
  		• 'Feldspar Group'-
  		• 'Garnet Group'-
    X
     
    3
    		Z
     
    2
    		(TO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		 (X = Ca, Fe, etc·, Z = Al, Cr, etc·, T = Si, As, V)
  		• 'Gmelinite'-
  		• Herschelite-
  		• 'Heulandite'-
  		• 'Hornblende'-
  		• Hypersthene-
    (Fe,Mg)SiO
     
    3
  		• Illite-
    K
     
    0.65
    		A
     
    2.0
    		 [][Al
     
    0.65
    		Si,
     
    3.35
    		O
     
    10
    		](OH)
     
    2
  		• Limonite-
    FeO(OH)·nH
     
    2
    		O
  		• 'Mica Group'-
  		• 'Monazite'-
  		• 'Olivine'-
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
  		• 'Phillipsite'-
  		• 'Stilbite'-
  		• 'Tourmaline'-


    100 entries listed. 79 valid minerals.

    Localities in this Region:
    USA
     
    • California
      • Kern Co.
        • Kramer District
          • Boron
            • Kramer Borate deposit
              • Baker mine

    The above list contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database!
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Jobs in California, USA Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 28th Oct 2009 13:40:24