White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USAi
Regional Level Types | |
---|---|
White Rock Mining District | Mining District |
Middletown | - not defined - |
Middlesex County | County |
Connecticut | State |
USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
41° 33' 10'' North , 72° 35' 39'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Mindat Locality ID:
6784
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:6784:6
GUID (UUID V4):
42f60e06-4585-4b68-b819-a9218ae52ac5
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
White Rocks Mining District
A roughly 1.6 km square (1 mile square) sub-district of the greater Middletown Pegmatite District of Connecticut. This area is named for the prominent, white, once treeless pegmatite ridges visible in the highlands to the east of Middletown center. It is situated between the Hartford Mesozoic Basin to the west, the Maromas Granite Gneiss to the east, the Connecticut River to the north, and reservoir and state forest land to the south.
The first publications of minerals found here are from Porter (1825), who noted molybdenite on his map, and Silliman (1826) describing colored tourmaline (red and green in parallel groups), beryl (light green 8-9 inches long and 5-6 inches across), and lepidolite in a pegmatite about 2.5 miles southeast of Middletown found by Stephen Williams in 1825.
Quarrying took place on 5 major north to northwest-trending pegmatite dikes or dike complexes, a large northeast-trending dike, and several smaller dikes. The area was intermittently active from about 1907 to 1959, then was continuously worked until 1993, producing 18 quarries with all the major quarries since flooded, filled, and/or built over.
With foresight Bastin (1910) briefly states:
"The White Rocks region is in general one of the most promising known to the writer for quarrying the best grades of feldspar...The situation is also favorable for cheap quarrying and shipment."
However, the area does not have good muscovite and so for decades could not compete with the quarries that received federal subsidies for this mineral. Most of the quarrying was done by The Feldspar Corp. after they took over the property in 1959 and leased additional land to the east. Unlike earlier pegmatite quarrying in Connecticut, by this time the feldspar was not sorted by laborious hand cobbing, but was crushed and sorted by chemical floatation. This allowed all of the pegmatite to be quarried and used, rather than just the zone of subhedral to euhedral microclines that grew against the quartz-rich core of internally zoned pegmatites. Quartz and ground mica were also produced. Consequently, as other quarries shut down following the end of mica and beryl subsidies that had made them economical, the White Rock district took off as the major pegmatite mining area of the state, profitably using mostly the large but poorly zoned pegmatites characteristic of the area.
Morgan (1968) reports that The Feldspar Corporation's floatation plant had a capacity of 200 tons of feldspar per 24 hours. The raw material consisted of 58% feldspars (combined albite and microcline), 33% quartz, 7% mica, 2% heavy minerals. From this raw material, the floatation process recovered 48% feldspars, 25% quartz, and 3% mica. The remaining 24% was waste, which was very fine powder used as backfill in some of the quarries. Because of this efficiency, pegmatite was also trucked to the mill from other quarries such as the Gotta-Wannerstrom and Hale in Portland, Arnold in Haddam, Selden in East Hampton, and Dripps Road in Middletown.
This page summarizes all the minerals found in the pegmatites and host metamorphic rocks (Middletown and Collins Hill Formations) and the coordinates are for the approximate center of quarrying activity. Major sub-localities consist of the Riverside Quarry and White Rocks Quarry, situated on the so-called "Eastern Dike" of Watts and Rice & Foye; unnamed quarries on northeast trending dikes to the immediate south and east; and the large, 1000-meter-long quarry in the northeast-trending pegmatite in the extreme southeastern part of the district. Other quarries in the center of the district are poorly documented and apparently did not produce minerals besides the typical albite, microcline, quartz with accessory muscovite, beryl, almandine, and fluorapatite.
Schooner (1958 and 1961) refers to the upper and lower White Rocks Quarries, these are actually the Riverside and Consolidated Quarries, respectively, both on the "Eastern Dike" of Watts and Rice & Foye. His directions to the Riverside Quarry is too far east because it was based on the map in Cameron et al (1958), which has it in the wrong place. Schooner's directions are to additional Consolidated Corp. quarries. Januzzi (1976) contains only a list of minerals that was taken directly from Schooner (1958). The pegmatite minerals in this list are attributable to specific quarries, so the references are used on this page for host rock minerals, which are best exposed on River Road north of the quarries.
Because most of the quarries in this large area do not have names, they were referred to by collectors generally as the White Rocks Quarries, leading to confusion or lack of documentation of the exact origin of specific minerals or specimens. However, generally the mineralogy and texture of the pegmatites varies systematically across the district. The pegmatite in the Eastern Dike has the most complex texture, with well-defined internal zones including cleavelandite and quartz rich cores zones, and lithium and rare-element-rich chemistry that yielded many elbaite, lepidolite, beryl, microlite, columbite-(Fe) and uranium mineral specimens. To the immediate east and south, the dikes are still zoned but without the cleavelandite and have simpler chemistry, producing mainly only beryl, schorl, fluorapatite, and garnet as major accessory minerals. The large northeast-trending pegmatite at the extreme SE part of the area has the simplest texture with no zoning and the least abundant accessory mineralogy. However, it is crossed by quartz veins that include pyrite and at its NE end produced the best molybdenite crystals in Connecticut.
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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities44 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
β Actinolite Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 Localities: Description: Component of calc-silicate rocks in the Collins Hill formation that hosts the western pegmatites. |
β Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Localities: White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA |
β Albite var. Cleavelandite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Localities: Habit: platy masses Colour: white |
β Almandine Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 Localities: White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA |
β Annite Formula: KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Localities: References: |
β Arsenopyrite Formula: FeAsS |
β Autunite Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
β Bertrandite Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
β Beryl Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) Localities: Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Habit: anhedral to subhedral hexagonal prisms Colour: pale green, pale yellow Description: Crystals rather crude but typically partly encrusted with fine-grained, feathery elbaite or schorl. |
β Beryl var. Aquamarine Formula: Be3Al2Si6O18 Habit: subhedral hexagonal prisms Colour: blue Description: Not as common as other beryl varieties. |
β Beryl var. Goshenite Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
β Beryl var. Morganite Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) Localities: References: |
β Bismuthinite Formula: Bi2S3 |
β 'Calciomicrolite' Localities: Habit: octahedral with modifications by other isometric forms Colour: dark yellow-green, brown, black Description: Mostly as microcrystals to a few mm. EDS analysis of one crystals shows it to be calciomicrolite. References: |
β Cassiterite Formula: SnO2 Habit: anhedral Colour: red-brown with iridescence Description: Microcrystalline grains associated with cleavelandite, quartz, muscovite, calciomicrolite and elbaite. |
β Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
β Columbite-(Fe) Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6 Localities: Habit: blocky to prismatic Colour: black with iridescence References: |
β 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' |
β Cookeite Formula: (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 Localities: Habit: fine-grained, globular Colour: pale yellow References: |
β Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Localities: Description: A component of calc-silicate rocks in the Collins Hill formation that hosts the western pegmatites. |
β Elbaite Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) Localities: Habit: acicular Colour: green, watermellon, pale blue and pink Description: Crystals abundant but not terminated or gemmy. Typically acicular aggregates in pegmatite matrix, penetrating muscovite books, or as fine-grained crystals coating beryl. Also as thin overgrowths on schorl. |
β 'Feldspar Group' |
β 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite' |
β Ferro-hornblende Formula: ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 Habit: Slightly elongated prismatic Colour: black Description: Porphyroblasts in amphibole gneiss adjacent to the pegmatite, subhedral crystals to about 1 cm. |
β Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Localities: Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Habit: subhedral prisms to skeletal Colour: white to pale gray Fluorescence: yellow References: |
β Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Localities: References: |
β Fluorite var. Chlorophane Formula: CaF2 |
β 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 Localities: References: |
β Goethite Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
β Grossular Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 Localities: Description: A component in calc-silicate rocks in the Collins Hill Formation that hosts the western pegmatites. |
β Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Localities: Description: In the host rocks around the pegmatites. |
β Formula: Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O Localities: Description: "was attributed to some locality in Middletown...by C. U. Shephard, in 1850. In a recent communication to the author, Clifford Frondel of Harvard University said, 'The old reported occurrences of uranium sulfates are not valid'." Schooner (1958) |
β Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
β Kyanite Formula: Al2(SiO4)O Localities: Description: In the host rocks surrounding the pegmatites. |
β 'Lepidolite' Localities: Habit: fine-grained granular, globular agregates Colour: gray-pink, lavender, purple References: |
β Meta-autunite Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O Localities: Habit: massive coatings Colour: pale yellow-green Fluorescence: green Description: Halos around tiny weathered uraninite grains. References: |
β Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) Localities: The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Habit: anhedral to subhedral Colour: tan Description: Large subhedral cyrstals found along the quartz core zones. |
β 'Microlite Group' Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n Localities: Habit: octahedral Colour: yellow-green to brownish black Description: Usually tiny crystal <5 mm. A crystal from the White Rocks Quarry further up the same pegmatite dike was analyzed by EDS and found to be calciomicrolite. References: |
βͺ Molybdenite Formula: MoS2 Habit: hexagonal, tabular Colour: metallic gray Description: Excellent euhedral crystals to 5 cm |
β 'Monazite' Formula: REE(PO4) |
β Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Localities: Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Habit: mostly anhedral, some subhedral pseudo-hexagonal tabular crystals Colour: silvery to golden-brown |
β Muscovite var. Schernikite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Habit: parallel-growth fibers with rhombic cross-sections Colour: pastel lavender Description: Usually as parallel-fiber overgrowths on muscovite. |
β Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Localities: Habit: massive coatings Colour: colorless Fluorescence: green Description: Usually not noticeable until a specimen is illuminated by UV light. The coatings are thin and colorless but may give a waxy appearance to the surface. References: |
β Opal var. Opal-AN Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Localities: Habit: massive coatings Colour: colorless Fluorescence: green Description: Usually not noticeable until a specimen is illuminated by UV light. The coatings are thin and colorless but may give a waxy appearance to the surface. References: |
β Prehnite Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 Localities: Description: In the host rocks surrounding the pegmatite. |
β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Localities: References: |
β Pyrolusite Formula: Mn4+O2 Description: No pyrolusite dendrite or staining in a granite pegmatite in the world has been verified as pyrolusite. The name was a mistake in the nineteenth century which has been widely publicized. |
β Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Unnamed quarry SE of Middletown (molybdenite locality), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA |
β Quartz var. Rose Quartz Formula: SiO2 Habit: massive Colour: grayish pink to orange-pink |
β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA References: |
β Rhodonite Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] Description: An historical error. May have been confused with thulite, which has been found in calc-silicate rocks (in Haddam) within the Collins Hill formation that hosts the western pegmatites in this area. |
β Samarskite-(Y) Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8 |
β Scheelite Formula: Ca(WO4) |
β Schorl Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) Localities: The Feldspar Corp. Quarry, White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA White Rocks Quarry (Consolidated Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Riverside Quarry (Western Quarry), White Rock Mining District, Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA Habit: trigonal prisms with curved faces and shallow rhombohedral terminations Colour: black References: |
β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
β Spodumene Formula: LiAlSi2O6 |
β 'Tantalite' Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 Description: Mistake for columbite-tantalite |
β Topaz Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
β Torbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
β 'Tourmaline' Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
β 'Tourmaline var. Watermelon Tourmaline' Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
β Uraninite Formula: UO2 Localities: Habit: crude octahedrons or blebs Colour: black Description: Usually tiny grains, altered and surrounded by halos of secondary minerals. References: |
β Uranophane Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
β Vesuvianite Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 Localities: Description: A component of the calc-silicate rocks in the Collins Hill Formation, which hosts the western pegmatites. |
β Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) Localities: Habit: prisms with pyramidal terminations Colour: brown Description: Typically tiny grains. References: |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
---|---|---|---|
β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
β | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
β | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
β | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
β | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
Group 3 - Halides | |||
β | Fluorite var. Chlorophane | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
β | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 | |
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
β | 'Microlite Group' | 4.00. | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
β | Goethite | 4.00. | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
β | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
β | Quartz var. Rose Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
β | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
β | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
β | Opal var. Opal-AN | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O |
β | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O | |
β | Pyrolusite | 4.DB.05 | Mn4+O2 |
β | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
β | Samarskite-(Y) | 4.DB.25 | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
β | Columbite-(Fe) | 4.DB.35 | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
β | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
β | Johannite ? | 7.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 Β· 8H2O |
β | Scheelite | 7.GA.05 | Ca(WO4) |
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
β | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
β | Torbernite | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 12H2O |
β | Autunite | 8.EB.05 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 10-12H2O |
β | Meta-autunite | 8.EB.10 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 6H2O |
Group 9 - Silicates | |||
β | Almandine | 9.AD.25 | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
β | Grossular | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
β | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
β | Kyanite | 9.AF.15 | Al2(SiO4)O |
β | Topaz | 9.AF.35 | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
β | Uranophane | 9.AK.15 | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 Β· 5H2O |
β | Bertrandite | 9.BD.05 | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
β | Vesuvianite | 9.BG.35 | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(β»4)β»[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
β | Beryl var. Goshenite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
β | var. Morganite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
β | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) | |
β | var. Aquamarine | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
β | Elbaite | 9.CK.05 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
β | Schorl | 9.CK.05 | NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
β | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
β | Spodumene | 9.DA.30 | LiAlSi2O6 |
β | Actinolite | 9.DE.10 | β»Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
β | Ferro-hornblende | 9.DE.10 | β»Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
β | Rhodonite | 9.DK.05 | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
β | Prehnite | 9.DP.20 | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
β | Muscovite var. Schernikite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
β | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
β | Annite | 9.EC.20 | KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
β | Cookeite | 9.EC.55 | (LiAl4β»)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
β | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
β | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
β | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
β | var. Cleavelandite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Unclassified | |||
β | 'Lepidolite' | - | |
β | 'Tourmaline' | - | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
β | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
β | 'Tantalite' | - | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
β | 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite' | - | |
β | 'Monazite' | - | REE(PO4) |
β | 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' | - | |
β | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
β | 'Tourmaline var. Watermelon Tourmaline' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
β | 'Calciomicrolite' | - |
List of minerals for each chemical element
H | Hydrogen | |
---|---|---|
H | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
H | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
H | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
H | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
H | β Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
H | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
H | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
H | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
H | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
H | β Johannite | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
H | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
H | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
H | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
H | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
H | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
H | β Muscovite var. Schernikite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
H | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
H | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
H | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
H | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
H | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Li | Lithium | |
Li | β Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
Li | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Li | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
Be | Beryllium | |
Be | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
Be | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
Be | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Be | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Be | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
B | Boron | |
B | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
B | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
B | β Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
B | β Tourmaline var. Watermelon Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
O | Oxygen | |
O | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
O | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
O | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
O | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
O | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
O | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
O | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
O | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
O | β Cassiterite | SnO2 |
O | β Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
O | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
O | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
O | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
O | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
O | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
O | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
O | β Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
O | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
O | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
O | β Johannite | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
O | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
O | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
O | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
O | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
O | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
O | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
O | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
O | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
O | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
O | β Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
O | β Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
O | β Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
O | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
O | β Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
O | β Muscovite var. Schernikite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
O | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
O | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
O | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
O | β Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
O | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
O | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
O | β Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
O | β Uraninite | UO2 |
O | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
O | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
O | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
O | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
O | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
O | β Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
O | β Tourmaline var. Watermelon Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
F | Fluorine | |
F | β Fluorite var. Chlorophane | CaF2 |
F | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
F | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
F | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
Na | Sodium | |
Na | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Na | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Na | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Na | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Mg | Magnesium | |
Mg | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
Mg | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
Mg | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Al | Aluminium | |
Al | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Al | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Al | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
Al | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
Al | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Al | β Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
Al | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Al | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
Al | β Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
Al | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
Al | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
Al | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
Al | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Al | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Al | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
Al | β Muscovite var. Schernikite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Al | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Al | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
Al | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
Al | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Al | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Al | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Si | Silicon | |
Si | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
Si | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Si | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Si | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
Si | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
Si | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
Si | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Si | β Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
Si | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
Si | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Si | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
Si | β Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
Si | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
Si | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
Si | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
Si | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
Si | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Si | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Si | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
Si | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
Si | β Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
Si | β Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
Si | β Muscovite var. Schernikite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Si | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Si | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
Si | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
Si | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
Si | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
Si | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Si | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
Si | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Si | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
Si | β Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
P | Phosphorus | |
P | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
P | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
P | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
P | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
P | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
S | Sulfur | |
S | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
S | β Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
S | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
S | β Johannite | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
S | β Molybdenite | MoS2 |
S | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
S | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
K | Potassium | |
K | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
K | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
K | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
K | β Muscovite var. Schernikite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Ca | Calcium | |
Ca | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
Ca | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
Ca | β Fluorite var. Chlorophane | CaF2 |
Ca | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
Ca | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
Ca | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
Ca | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
Ca | β Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
Ca | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
Ca | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
Ca | β Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
Ca | β Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
Ca | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
Ca | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Ti | Titanium | |
Ti | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
Mn | Manganese | |
Mn | β Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
Mn | β Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
Mn | β Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
Fe | Iron | |
Fe | β Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
Fe | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Fe | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
Fe | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
Fe | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
Fe | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
Fe | β Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
Fe | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
Fe | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
Fe | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
Fe | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
Fe | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
Fe | β Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
Fe | β Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
Cu | Copper | |
Cu | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
Cu | β Johannite | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
Cu | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
Zn | Zinc | |
Zn | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
As | Arsenic | |
As | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
Y | Yttrium | |
Y | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
Zr | Zirconium | |
Zr | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
Nb | Niobium | |
Nb | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
Nb | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
Nb | β Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
Mo | Molybdenum | |
Mo | β Molybdenite | MoS2 |
Sn | Tin | |
Sn | β Cassiterite | SnO2 |
Ta | Tantalum | |
Ta | β Microlite Group | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
Ta | β Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
W | Tungsten | |
W | β Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
Bi | Bismuth | |
Bi | β Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
U | Uranium | |
U | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
U | β Johannite | Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
U | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
U | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
U | β Uraninite | UO2 |
U | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
Localities in this Region
- Connecticut
- Middlesex County
- Middletown
- Middlesex County
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Ganderia DomainDomain
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References
Foye, Wilbur G. (1922) Mineral localities in the vicinity of Middletown, Connecticut. American Mineralogist, 7 (1) 4-12