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Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA
Detailed Mineral List:
| Albite | ||
| Formula: | NaAlSi3O8 | |
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Albite var: Cleavelandite | ||
| Reference: | San Diego Mining Company, 2008. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Almandine | ||
| Formula: | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 | |
| Localities: | Little Joe No. 2 adit (Joe 2 adit; Little Joe II adit), Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA Little Joe adit, Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Amblygonite | ||
| Formula: | LiAl(PO4)F | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. (1905), Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: 124-125. | |
| 'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series' | ||
| Reference: | Van King | |
| 'Apatite' | ||
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Bermanite | ||
| Formula: | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | |
| Reference: | Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Beryl var: Goshenite | ||
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Beryl var: Heliodor | ||
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Beryl var: Morganite |  | |
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky . Morganite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Beyerite | ||
| Formula: | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 | |
| Colour: | Greenish gray | |
| Description: | Compact masses in pegmatite as a possible alteration product of bismuthinite. | |
| Reference: | Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282. | |
| 'Biotite' | ||
| Localities: | Little Joe No. 2 adit (Joe 2 adit; Little Joe II adit), Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA Little Joe adit, Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Bismuth | ||
| Formula: | Bi | |
| Reference: | Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Bismuthinite | ||
| Formula: | Bi2S3 | |
| Bismutite | ||
| Formula: | (BiO)2CO3 | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Chrysocolla | ||
| Formula: | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O (x < 1) | |
| Reference: | [MinRecord 29:164]; Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 387-388 | |
| Columbite-(Mn) | ||
| Formula: | (Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | |
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Cookeite | ||
| Formula: | LiAl4(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Digenite | ||
| Formula: | Cu9S5 | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Elbaite |  | |
| Formula: | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) | |
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © 2001, Jesse Fisher. Elbaite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Hureaulite |  | |
| Formula: | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O | |
| Reference: | Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 730; Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Photo: © 2003 SLR. Hureaulite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) (TL) | ||
| Formula: | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | |
| Type Locality: | Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Reference: | Min Mag 42 (1978), 309 | |
| Kaolinite | ||
| Formula: | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 | |
| Localities: | Little Joe No. 2 adit (Joe 2 adit; Little Joe II adit), Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA Little Joe adit, Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Lepidolite |  | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 55-57. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 3 other localities in this region. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky. Lepidolite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Leucophosphite | ||
| Formula: | KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O | |
| Reference: | Van King | |
| Lithiophilite |  | |
| Formula: | LiMn2+PO4 | |
| Reference: | Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © 2004 SLR. Lithiophilite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| 'Manganese Oxides' | ||
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Microcline |  | |
| Formula: | KAlSi3O8 | |
| Reference: | Blue Shepard | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Photo: © 2006, Jesse Fisher. Microcline from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Microlite Group | ||
| Colour: | Pale honey-yellow to very dark. | |
| Description: | Small crystals in pocket aggregates of quartz, lepidolite, muscovite, albite, and tourmaline. Crystals are octahedral and dodecahedral, with maximum dimensions that rarely exceed 1/16 inch. | |
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 40. | |
| Montmorillonite | ||
| Formula: | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Muscovite | ||
| Formula: | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Namibite | ||
| Formula: | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) | |
| Reference: | [MinRecord 29:164]; Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 387-388 | |
| Orthoclase | ||
| Formula: | KAlSi3O8 | |
| Description: | Orthoclase and microcline are widespread constituents of the pocket zones in the pegmatites where they generally form large, equant crystals with well-developed faces. The orthoclase is intimately associated with perthite, and is more abundant than the perthite in the pocket pegmatite of some dikes. In general, however, the orthoclase constitutes only a small fraction of the total potash feldspar within the dikes as a whole. | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125; Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 31-32. | |
| 'Perthite' | ||
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Phosphosiderite |  | |
| Formula: | FePO4 · 2H2O | |
| Reference: | Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 673. | |
| Photo: © Leon Hupperichs. Phosphosiderite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Pseudomalachite | ||
| Formula: | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 | |
| Reference: | [MinRecord 29:164]; Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 387-388 | |
| Pucherite | ||
| Formula: | Bi(VO4) | |
| Reference: | Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1051; Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Purpurite | ||
| Formula: | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 | |
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Quartz |  | |
| Formula: | SiO2 | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Photo: © 2005 SLR. Quartz from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| 'Salmonsite' | ||
| Description: | Discredited = mixture of hureaulite and jahnsite [probably jahnsite-(MnMnMn)] | |
| Reference: | Moore, Paul B. & J. Ito (1978): I. Whiteite, a new species, and a proposed nomenclature for the jahnsite-whiteite complex series. I. New data on xanthoxenite. III. Salmonsite discredited. Min. Magazine 42: 309-323 | |
| Schorl | ||
| Formula: | Na(Fe2+3)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) | |
| Reference: | Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Sicklerite (TL) |  | |
| Formula: | Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4 | |
| Type Locality: | Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Reference: | Journal of the Washington Academy of Science (1912): 2: 145. | |
| Photo: © 2006 SLR. Sicklerite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Spessartine | ||
| Formula: | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 2 other localities in this region. | |
| Spodumene |  | |
| Formula: | LiAlSi2O6 | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125.; Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © . Spodumene from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Spodumene var: Kunzite |  | |
| Reference: | Merrill, F. J. H. 1914. Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego and Imperial Counties: Gems, Lithia Minerals. California State Mining Bureau, San Francisco, Cal. California State Printing Office, December. Chapter 1, pages 61-110. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky. Kunzite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Stewartite (TL) | ||
| Formula: | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O | |
| Type Locality: | Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | |
| Reference: | Journal of the Washington Academy of Science (1912): 2: 143-145; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 730. | |
| Stibiotantalite | ||
| Formula: | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 | |
| Reference: | No reference listed | |
| Strengite |  | |
| Formula: | FePO4 · 2H2O | |
| Reference: | Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky. Strengite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Strunzite | ||
| Formula: | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O | |
| Reference: | Van King | |
| Tantalite-(Mn) | ||
| Formula: | MnTa2O6 | |
| Reference: | Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs. | |
| Tosudite var: Lithium Tosudite | ||
| Reference: | Gaines et al. 1997, Dana's System of Mineralogy. | |
| 'Tourmaline' |  | |
| Formula: | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 55-57. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 3 other localities in this region. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky. Tourmaline from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| 'Tourmaline var: Indicolite' |  | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © Rob Lavinsky. Indicolite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| 'Tourmaline var: Rubellite' |  | |
| Reference: | Rocks & Min.: 63:21. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 3 other localities in this region. | |
| Photo: © Charles Creekmur. Rubellite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| 'Tourmaline var: Verdelite' |  | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125. | |
| Localities: | Recorded from at least 1 other locality in this region. | |
| Photo: © 2005 SLR. Verdelite from Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA | ||
| Triphylite | ||
| Formula: | LiFe2+PO4 | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125. | |
| Triplite | ||
| Formula: | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) | |
| Habit: | Tabular and fracture-filling masses with rough faces; cleavage is fairly well developed. | |
| Colour: | Deep-tan to dark reddish-brown on freshly broken surfaces; resinous luster. | |
| Description: | Triplite occurs sparingly in the Stewart pegmatite, where it is associated with lithiophilite and triphylite. It forms crystals with rough faces, measuring 1/4 inch to 5 inches in diameter, with an average of about an inch. The mineral also occurs as tabular, fracture-filling masses within quartz, and rarely within coarse quartz-spodumene or quartz-perthite varieties of pegmatite. Most crystals are heavily stained with manganese oxides, and many are coated with a blue-gray film of very finely crystalline vivianite. The vivianite appears to have been derived from the triplite crystals. | |
| Reference: | Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 124-125; Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 31, 41. | |
| Vivianite | ||
| Formula: | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 8H2O | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Wardite | ||
| Formula: | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
| Zircon | ||
| Formula: | ZrSiO4 | |
| Reference: | www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html. | |
60 entries listed. 44 valid minerals. 3 type localities (valid minerals).
References
Kunz, G. F. (1905), Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 55-57; 124-125.
Merrill, F. J. H. (1914), Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego and Imperial Counties: Gems, Lithia Minerals. California State Mining Bureau, San Francisco, Cal. California State Printing Office, December. Chapter 1, pages 61-110.
Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282, 730, 1051.
Sinkankas, J. (1988), Beryl: A Summary. Rocks & Minerals 63(01): p. 21.
Robinson, George W. & King, Vandall T. (1989), What's New in Minerals? Sixteenth Annual Rochester Academy of Science Mineralogical Symposium. Mineralogical Record, Volume 20, Number 5: p. 399.
Bartsch, J. A. (1990), Collections and Displays: California State Mining and Mineral Museum, Mariposa, California. Rocks & Minerals 65(01): p. 45.
Dunning, Gail E. & Cooper, Joseph F. Jr. (1998), Namibite: A Summary of World Occurrences. Mineralogical Record, Volume 29, Number 3: p. 164.
Fisher, J. (2002), Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs.
Morton, D. et al. (2011), Petrogenesis of the Li-bearing Stewart Pegmatite, Pala, California. Unpublished manuscript: 15 pages, charts and photographs.
Merrill, F. J. H. (1914), Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego and Imperial Counties: Gems, Lithia Minerals. California State Mining Bureau, San Francisco, Cal. California State Printing Office, December. Chapter 1, pages 61-110.
Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282, 730, 1051.
Sinkankas, J. (1988), Beryl: A Summary. Rocks & Minerals 63(01): p. 21.
Robinson, George W. & King, Vandall T. (1989), What's New in Minerals? Sixteenth Annual Rochester Academy of Science Mineralogical Symposium. Mineralogical Record, Volume 20, Number 5: p. 399.
Bartsch, J. A. (1990), Collections and Displays: California State Mining and Mineral Museum, Mariposa, California. Rocks & Minerals 65(01): p. 45.
Dunning, Gail E. & Cooper, Joseph F. Jr. (1998), Namibite: A Summary of World Occurrences. Mineralogical Record, Volume 29, Number 3: p. 164.
Fisher, J. (2002), Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs.
Morton, D. et al. (2011), Petrogenesis of the Li-bearing Stewart Pegmatite, Pala, California. Unpublished manuscript: 15 pages, charts and photographs.
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