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Apatite-(CaCl)

Big Photo

Dashkesan (Dashkezan) Co-Fe deposit, Dashkesan, Daşkəsən (Daskasan; Dashkyasan) District, Azerbaijan
© Tagliabue-Foschi

Show Apatite-(CaCl) Photos (5)
Formula:
Ca
 
5
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
System:HexagonalColour:White
Hardness:5
Name:Named from the Greek word meaning "to deceive"


Apatite Group. The chlorine analogue of Apatite-(CaF) and Apatite-(CaOH). The phosphate analogue of Turneaureite. The Ca5 analogue of Phosphohedyphane. The calcium analogue of Alforsite.

Classification of Apatite-(CaCl)

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.39-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BN.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.8.1.2

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : A5(XO4)3Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.2.3

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
2 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with chloride
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Type Occurrence of Apatite-(CaCl)

Type Locality:Kragerø, Telemark, Norway

Occurrences of Apatite-(CaCl)

Geological Setting:Veins in gabbroic rocks; in meteorites.

Physical Properties of Apatite-(CaCl)

Lustre:Vitreous, Dull
Colour:White
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):5

Crystallography of Apatite-(CaCl)

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:P63/m
Morphology:Crystals short to long hexagonal prisms [0001], with {1010} and {1011} dominant; also thick tabular {0001}, frequently in the crystals of hydrothermal origin in pegmatites and veins, with {1010}, relatively large {0001}, and often also {1011} or low pyramids. Massive, coarse granular to compact.
Twinning:Rare contact twins on {1121}. Twin plane {10_13} rare. Also twinning reported on {1010} and {11_23}.

Optical Data of Apatite-(CaCl)

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.675 nε = 1.668
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.008

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High

Chemical Properties of Apatite-(CaCl)

Formula:
Ca
 
5
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Essential elements:Ca, Cl, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Cl, O, P

Relationship of Apatite-(CaCl) to other Species

Related to:
  • Apatite Subgroup
  • Apatite Supergroup
    • Common Associates:
    TitaniteRutilePyrrhotiteScapoliteMagnetite
    IlmeniteHornblende
    Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

    - +
    8.BN.05Alforsite
    Ba
     
    5
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Belovite-(Ce)
    NaSr
     
    3
    		(Ce,La)[(F,OH)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Carbonate-rich Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[(F,O)|(PO
     
    4
    		,CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Carbonate-rich Apatite-(CaOH)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[(OH,O)|(PO
     
    4
    		,CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Clinomimetite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Fermorite
    (Ca,Sr)
     
    5
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		(OH)
    8.BN.05Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Hedyphane
    Pb
     
    3
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Apatite-(CaOH)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[OH|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Johnbaumite
    Ca
     
    5
    		[OH|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Mimetite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Morelandite
    (Ba,Ca,Pb)
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Pyromorphite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Apatite-(SrOH)
    (Sr,Ca)
     
    5
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		(OH,F)
    8.BN.05Svabite
    Ca
     
    5
    		[(F,Cl,OH)|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Turneaureite
    Ca
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Vanadinite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Belovite-(La)
    NaSr
     
    3
    		(La,Ce)[(F,OH)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Deloneite-(Ce)
    NaCa
     
    2
    		SrCe(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    8.BN.05Fluorcaphite
    (Ca,Sr,Ce,Na)
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Kuannersuite-(Ce)
    NaBa
     
    3
    		(Ce,Nd,La)[(F,Cl)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Apatite-(CaOH)-M
    (Ca,Na)
     
    3
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[(OH,Cl)|(PO
     
    4
    		,SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05Phosphohedyphane
    Pb
     
    3
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    8.BN.05IMA2008-009
    Sr
     
    5
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    8.BN.10Arctite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    4
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

    - +
    22.2.1Sampleite
    NaCaCu
     
    5
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		] · 5H
     
    2
    		O
    22.2.2Lavendulan
    NaCaCu
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		] · 5H
     
    2
    		O
    22.2.4Turneaureite
    Ca
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.5Shubnikovite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    8
    		[Cl|OH|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    		] · 7H
     
    2
    		O
    22.2.6Richelsdorfite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    5
    		Sb[Cl|(OH)
     
    6
    		|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    22.2.7Alforsite
    Ba
     
    5
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.8Morelandite
    (Ba,Ca,Pb)
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.9Pyromorphite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.10Mimetite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.11Clinomimetite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.12Sahlinite
    Pb
     
    14
    		[O
     
    9
    		|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		|Cl
     
    4
    		]
    22.2.13Georgiadèsite
    Pb
     
    16
    		[(OH)
     
    6
    		|Cl
     
    14
    		|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		]
    22.2.14Vanadinite
    Pb
     
    5
    		[Cl|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.15Kombatite
    Pb
     
    14
    		[O
     
    9
    		|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		|Cl
     
    4
    		]
    22.2.16Leningradite
    PbCu
     
    3
    		[Cl|VO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    22.2.17Hedyphane
    Pb
     
    3
    		Ca
     
    2
    		[Cl|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.2.18Nealite
    Pb
     
    4
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		[Cl
     
    2
    		|AsO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O

    Other Names for Apatite-(CaCl)

    Synonyms:
    Chlor-apatiteChlorapatiteFluorian Chlorapatite
    Other Languages:
    German:Chlorapatit
    Russian:Хлорапатит
    Апатит-(CaCl)
    Spanish:Chlorapatita

    Other Information

    Other Information:Soluble in HCl or in HNO3. Varieties containing CO3 may dissolve with slight effervescence.
    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Apatite-(CaCl)

    Reference List:Rammelsberg, C.F. (1860) Handbuch der Mineralchemie. First edition, Leipzig (as Chlorapatit).

    Nacken (1912) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 547.

    Borgström (1932) Finska Kem. Medd.: no. 2: 51.

    Hendricks, Jefferson, and Mosley (1932) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 81: 352.

    Gruner and McConnell (1937) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 97: 208.

    McConnell and Gruner (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 157.

    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 879-889.

    Prener, J.S. (1967) The growth and crystallographic properties of calcium fluor- and chlorapatite. Journal of the Electrochem. Society: 114: 77-83.

    Canadian Mineralogist (1972): 10: 137.

    Knottnerus, D.I.M., Den Hartog, H.W., and van Der Lugt, W. (1972) Optical and EPR investigations of colour centres in calcium chlorapatite. Phys. Stat. Sol.(a): 13: 505-515.

    Roufosse, A., Stapelbroek, M., Bartram, R.H., and Gilliam, O.R. (1974) Oxygen-associated hole-like centers in calcium chlorapatite. Phys. Rev.: B9: 855-862.

    Elliott, J.C., Young, K.A., and Mackie, P.E. (1975) Effect of chlorine ion vacancies on the local atomic parameters in non-stoichiometric chlorapatite. Acta Crystallographica: A31: S268.

    Bauer, M. and Klee, W.E. (1993) The monoclinic-hexagonal phase transition in chlorapatite. European Journal of Mineralogy: 5: 307-316.

    Fleet, M.E., Liu, X., and Pan, Y. (2000b) Rare earth elements in chlorapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(Cl)2]: uptake, site preference and degradation of monoclinic structure. American Mineralogist: 85: 1437-1446.

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    Internet Links for Apatite-(CaCl)

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    Localities for Apatite-(CaCl)

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Badakhshan (Badakshan; Badahsan) Province
      • Koksha Valley (Kokscha; Kokcha)
    		Journal of Petrology 43(4):725-747 (2002)
    Algeria
     
    • Lakhbi
    		www.meteoriticalsociety.org/bulletin/mb88.pdf.
    www.meteoriticalsociety.org/bulletin/mb89preview.pdf.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Enderby Land
    		http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_60995.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Nairne
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • Krieglach
          • Freßnitzgraben
            • Alpl
    		F. Bernhard, F. Walter, K. Ettinger, J. Taucher, K. Mereiter: Amer. Mineral. 83:625-630 (1998)
    SEM-EDS on polished section, 15.1.2005, Franz Bernhard
    Bahamas
     
    • San Salvador District
      • San Salvador Island
    		Carb.&Evap. v.16 no.1 (2001)
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Bustillos Province
        • Llallagua
    		Ulf Kempe, et al (2008) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (in press)
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • Divino das Laranjeiras
            • Linópolis
    		[MinRecord 28:492]
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Saint-Robert
    		http://castaing.eps.mcgill.ca/meteoriteposter/poster.html.
    • Saskatchewan
      • Athabasca Basin
        • Honsvall Lake
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 1251-1272.
    China
     
    • Hubei Province
      • Suizhou Prefecture
        • Zengdu District
          • Dayanpo
    		Lapis 29(2), 42 (2004)
    France
     
    • Champagne-Ardenne
      • Haute-Marne
        • Chassigny
    		Lunar. Planet. Sci. 29, #1069 (1998).
    Germany
     
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Andernach
          • Eich
    		Blass, G., Graf, HW., Kolitsch, U., Sebold, D., Über neue Mineralfunde aus der Vulkaneifel, Mineralien-Welt 6/2005
    Italy
     
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
    		Guastoni, A., et al., Mineralogical Magazine 71,579-585(2007)
    • Piedmont
      • Vercelli Province
        • Sesia Valley
          • Quarona
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
          • Varallo Sesia
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Kanagawa Prefecture
          • Yamakita
    		Harada, Z. (1938) Beitraege zur Kenntnis der optischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Apatits von Kurokura, Kanagawa Praefektur. Journ. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido University, ser. 4, 11.
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Chichibu-gun
            • Ohtaki-mura
              • Nakatsugawa
                • Chichibu Mine
    		Harada et al (1971) Am. Min., 56, 1507-1518.
    Alfredo Petrov collection
    Morocco
     
    • Guelmim - Es-Semara Region
      • Assa-Zag Province
        • Zag
    		Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI (2005)
    T. Bunch and J. Wittke, NAU
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
      • Waikato
    		Can. Mineral., 27, 199-203
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Arendal
      • Froland
        • Lyngrott
    		J.H.L. Vogt (1910, p. 151 and 1938b, p. 220); Neumann (1985, p. 123).)
      • Gjerstad
    		Neumann (1985, p. 123).
      • Risør
    		Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Neumann (1985, p. 123).
        • Skarvann
    		Neumann (1985, p. 123).
      • Vegårdshei (Vegårshei)
    		Andersen (1923, p. 397); Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    • Buskerud
      • Modum
        • Snarum
    Raade & Mladeck (1979, p. 283); Neumann (1985, p. 123).
      • Nedre Eiker
    		Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    • Nordland
      • Rana
        • Mo i Rana area
    • Telemark
      • Bamble (Bamle)
        • Bjordam
    		Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Ramsay & Morton (1971, pp. 398-399); Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Brøgger & Reusch (1880); Brøgger (1934, p. 146); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 886; Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Morton & Catanzaro (1964, p. 308); Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Brøgger & Reusch (1880); Neumann (1985, p. 123).
    Rammelsberg (1860, "Handbuch der Mineralchemie", p. 353); Raade (1996, p. 29).
    Oman
     
    • Dhofar (Al Janubiyah) Province
    		The Meteoritical Bulletin 84 (Aug.2000)
    The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 88, 2004 JULY, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 39, Axxx–Axxx (2004)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Ząbkowice District
        • Ząbkowice (Frankenstein)
          • Szklary (Gläsendorf)
    		Pieczka A. 2007: Beusite and an unusual Mn-rich apatite from the Szklary granitic pegmatite, Lower Silesia, Southwestern Poland. Canadian Mineralogist, vol. 45, no.4, p. 901-914
    • Mazowieckie
      • Warszawa
    		Manecki, 2001. in Geological Quarterly Vol. 45-03 (Polish Geological Institute)
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    Slovakia
     
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
    		Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
        • Vyšná Šebastová
    		Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    		Am Min 90:1887-1899
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
        • Svappavaara
    		No reference listed
    Switzerland
     
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Lavey-les-Bains
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 44
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
    		AmMin 67: 97-113 (1982)
    • Georgia
      • Lumpkin Co.
        • Dahlonega
          • Auraria
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Indiana
      • Tippecanoe Co.
        • Lafayette
    		www-curator.jsc.nasa.gov/antmet/mmc/Lafay.pdf.
    • Michigan
      • Baraga Co.
        • Alberta
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Montana
      • Stillwater Co.
    • Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Safford District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		Journal of Pegmatology vol. 1, no. 1
    • New York
      • Essex Co.
        • Mineville District
    		NY State Museum spec. no. 18229
    • Virginia
      • Fairfax Co.
        • Culpeper Basin
          • Centreville
    		Minerals of Virginia (1990) by R. V. Dietrich
      • Loudoun Co.
        • Conklin
    		Rocks & Min.:60:167.
      • Mecklenburg Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Venezuela
     
    • Miranda
    		Urbani, 1997. Bol. Soc. Venezolana de Espeleología, no.30.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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