Mindat Logo
Home Page Log In Message Board The Mindat Directory
Register Search Pages Chat Now! (2 online) Mindat Auctions

Chondrodite

Big Photo

Tilly Foster mine, Brewster, Putnam Co., New York, USA
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Chondrodite Photos (44)
Formula:
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Yellow, Red or Brown.
Lustre:Vitreous, ResinousHardness:6 - 6½
Name:From the Greek for "grain" in allusion to its habit of occurring in isolated grains.


Humite Group

Classification of Chondrodite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.04-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AF.45

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:52.3.2b.2

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.1.10

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
1 : Silicates with fluoride (not containing Al)
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-1027.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Chondrodite

Type Locality:Monte Somma, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
Year of Discovery:1817

Occurrences of Chondrodite

Geological Setting:In contact metamorphic rocks, carbonatites

Physical Properties of Chondrodite

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Yellow, Red or Brown.
Streak:White-gray, yellow
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 6½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
Indistinct on {100}
Parting:on {001}
Density (measured):3.16 - 3.26 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.177 g/cm3

Crystallography of Chondrodite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/b (P1 1 21/b) [P21/c] {P1 21/c 1} {P21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 7.84Å, b = 4.73Å, c = 10.25Å
β = 109°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.658 : 1 : 2.167
Unit Cell Volume:V 359.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Typically flattened, rounded grains, massive
Twinning:On {001}
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
Click on an icon to view
Chondrodite no.11 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Chondrodite no.12 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

You may need to scroll this box using your mouse to view the full instructions.

The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

The 3d models and java code are kindly provided by www.smorf.nl. You can control the movement of the models by holding down the left mouse-button over the 3d model and moving your mouse. Keyboard controls are:

: default positions
t/T: decrease/increase transparency x/X: next/previous texture
b/B: next/previous background w: toggle wireframe
s: toggle sticks m: toggle miller indices
k: toggle crystallographic axes =/-: zoom in/out
r: stop/start rotation 1/2/3


Note: You will not be able to switch between different crystal models using the Opera 8.5x web browser due to a bug in Opera - you need to use either Firefox or Internet Explorer 6/7 or Opera 9.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Chondrodite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.592 - 1.643 nβ = 1.602 - 1.655 nγ = 1.619 - 1.675
2V:Measured: 64° to 90°, Calculated: 76° to 78°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.027 - 0.032

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v weak to strong
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X= colorless, very pale yellow, brownish yellow
Y= colorless, yellow green
Z= colorless, pale green

Chemical Properties of Chondrodite

Formula:
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
Essential elements:F, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:F, Fe, H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Al,Mn

Relationship of Chondrodite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AF.05Sillimanite
Al
 
2
[O|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.10Andalusite
Al
 
2
[O|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.10Kanonaite
Mn
3+
 
Al[O|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.15Kyanite
Al
 
2
[O|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.20Mullite
Al
 
8
[(O,OH,F)|(Si,Al)O
 
4
]
 
4
9.AF.20Krieselite
(Al,Ga)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|GeO
 
4
]
9.AF.23Boromullite
Al
 
9
Si
 
2
BO
 
19
9.AF.25Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
[O|OH|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
9.AF.30Magnesiostaurolite
(Mg,Li,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
[O
 
6
|(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.30Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
[O
 
6
|(OH,O)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.30Zincostaurolite
(Zn,Li,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
<2
Al
 
9
[O
 
6
|(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.35Topaz
Al
 
2
[(F,OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.40Norbergite
Mg
 
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.45Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
9.AF.45Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
9.AF.45IMA2008-045
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
9.AF.50Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.AF.50Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.AF.55Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.55Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.55Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.60Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.AF.65Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
9.AF.70Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.75Franciscanite
Mn
2+
6
(V
5+
 
,[])
 
2
[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
9.AF.75Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.75Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
9.AF.80Ellenbergerite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
6
Ti[(OH)
 
6
|(HSiO
 
4
)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
9.AF.85Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
[O|(OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.85Magnesiochloritoid
MgAl
 
2
[O|(OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.85Ottrélite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
[O|(OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
9.AF.90Poldervaartite
CaCa[SiO
 
3
OH](OH)
9.AF.90Olmiite
CaMn
2+
 
[SiO
 
3
(OH)](OH)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.1.1Hectorite
Na
 
0.3
(Mg,Li)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.3Agrellite
NaCa
 
2
[F|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
17.1.4Apophyllite-(NaF)
NaCa
 
4
[F|Si
 
8
O
 
20
] · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.5Apophyllite-(KF)
KCa
 
4
[(F,OH)|Si
 
8
O
 
20
] · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.6Apophyllite-(KOH)
KCa
 
4
[(OH,F)|Si
 
8
O
 
20
] · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.7Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
Be
 
3
[F
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
17.1.8Leucophanite
NaCaBeSi
 
2
O
 
6
F
17.1.9Norbergite
Mg
 
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
17.1.11Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
17.1.12Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
[(F,OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]
17.1.13Canasite
K
 
2
Na
 
4
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
(OH,F)
 
4
17.1.14Charoite
(K,Na)
 
5
(Ca,Ba,Sr)
 
8
(Si
 
6
O
 
15
)
 
2
(Si
 
6
O
 
16
)(OH,F)·H
 
2
O
17.1.15Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
[(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
17.1.16Bultfonteinite
Ca
 
2
[F|HSiO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
17.1.17Zeophyllite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,F)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
17.1.18Rowlandite-(Y)
(Y,Fe
3+
 
,Ce)
 
3
[O|(F,OH)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
17.1.19Yuksporite
(K,Ba)NaCa
 
2
(Si,Ti)
 
4
O
 
11
(F,OH)·H
 
2
O
17.1.20Yftisite-(Y)
(Y,Dy,Er)
 
4
(Ti,Sn)O(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
6
17.1.21Mosandrite
(Ca,Na,Ce)
 
12
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
[F
 
4
|(OH)
 
6
|SiO
 
4
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
3
]
17.1.22Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)Si
 
2
O
 
7
(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.23Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr[F
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
17.1.24Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
Mn
2+
2
[O|F|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
4
17.1.25Thorosteenstrupine
CaMnThSi
 
4
O
 
11
(OH)F·6H
 
2
O
17.1.26Zircophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(Zr,Ti)
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
17.1.27Jinshajiangite
BaKNaCaTi
 
2
Fe
3+
6
Mn
 
2
[Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
4
O
 
2
(OH)
 
8
F
 
2
17.1.28Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)[O|F|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
17.1.29Narsarsukite
Na
 
2
(Ti,Fe)Si
 
4
(O,F)
 
11
17.1.30Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
]

Other Names for Chondrodite

Synonyms:
BrocchiteBrucite (of Gibbs)CondroditeMaclureite (of Nuttall)Prolectite
Other Languages:
German:Brocchit
Chondrodit
Condrodit
Prolectit
Russian:Хондродит
Spanish:Brocchita
Chondrodita
Condrodita
Prolectita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Chondrodite

Reference List:American Mineralogist (1970): 55: 1182-1194.

Sinogeikin, S.V. and Bass, J.D. (1999) Single-crystal elastic properties of chondrodite: implications for water in the upper mantle. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 26: 297-303.

Langer, K., Platonov, A.N., Matsyuk, S.S., and Wildner, M. (2002) The crystal chemistry of the humite minerals Fe 2+ - Ti 4+ charge transfer and structural allocation of Ti 4+ in chondrodite and clinohumite. European Journal of Mineralogy: 14: 1027-1032.

Internet Links for Chondrodite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Chondrodite on Google
  • Look for Chondrodite images on Google
    • External Links:
  • Look for Chondrodite on Webmineral
  • Look for Chondrodite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Chondrodite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Chondrodite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Chondrodite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Chondrodite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Lapis Mineral Magazin
  • Search for - Chondrodite - on e-Rocks Mineral Sales & Auctions
  • SpiriferMinerals.com - high quality specimens
  • Wendel Minerals - Auktion & Shop
  • rare and unusual minerals mainly crystallized
  • Mineral Classics - Worldwide Collector Quality Minerals and Gems
  • Buy fine minerals and gemstones from Pala International
  • Find Chondrodite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
  • Buy Fine Minerals from mineralsweb.com
  • Buy from David K Joyce minerals
  • Wright's Rock Shop - excellent mineral specimens since 1970
  • Search for Chondrodite at Thames Valley Minerals
    • Jobs:
  • Mining & Geology Jobs

    • Page Sponsor

    Sponsorship:This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.

    Localities for Chondrodite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    These maps work faster with Firefox!
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Badakhshan (Badakshan; Badahsan) Province
      • Koksha Valley (Kokscha; Kokcha)
    		Dudley Blauwet priv. comm.(2008)
        • Sar-e-Sang District
    		Arliguie M collection
    Antarctica
    AmMin 36:361-367
    AmMin 36:361-367
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Mount Fitton homestead
    • Tasmania
      • Waratah district
        • Waratah
    		Bottrill
    Austria
     
    • Tyrol
      • East Tyrol
        • Virgen valley
          • Umbal valley
            • Islitz Alp
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Frontenac Co.
        • Olden Township
          • Long Lake Village
    		Schneider, Stuart. Collecting Flourescence Minerals. Page 141-148, Long Lake Zinc Mine Minerals.
      • Haliburton Co.
        • Cardiff Township
    		Ann P. Sabina, Rocks & Minerals for the Collector: Geoligical Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39. Page 83.
          • Wilberforce
    		Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Chondrodite Occurrence, mineral list.
        • Monmouth Township
          • Tory Hill
    		Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39.
          • Wilberforce
    		Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Cradiff Uranium Mine, mineral list.
    GSC misc report 39
      • Hastings Co.
        • Bancroft District
          • Carlow Township
            • New Carlow
    		Matthew Neuzil Collection
          • Dungannon Township
    		[Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
          • Herschel Township
            • Baptiste Lake
    		Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39
          • Monteagle Township
            • Graphite
    		Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39
      • Lanark Co.
        • Carleton Place
    		GSC misc report 41
    • Québec
      • Témiscamingue Co.
        • Villedieu Township
          • Sheffield Lake
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Huaibei Prefecture
        • Suixi Co.
          • Sanpu ore field
    		Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249.
    • Hebei Province
      • Baoding Prefecture
        • Laiyuan Co.
    		Chang Zhaoshan and Feng Zhongyan (1996): Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis 32(6), 724-733.
    • Hubei Province
      • Huangshi Prefecture
        • Daye Co.
          • Edong Mining District
    		Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242.
    • Hunan Province
      • Chenzhou Prefecture
        • Linwu Co.
          • Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic ore field
    		Aleksandrov, S.M. (1998): Geochemistry of Skarn and Ore Formation in Dolomites. VSP (Utrecht, Tokyo), 300 pp.
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Chaoyang Prefecture
        • Kazuo Co.
    		Junzhi Dai, Jingwen Mao, Caisheng Zhao, Guiqing Xie, Fuquan Yang, and Yitian Wang (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 235-244.
      • Dalian Prefecture
        • Wafangdian Co.
    		Matsuda, K. (1969) Copper-bearing contact deposits of Hua-tung-kou, Fu Hsien, Feng-tien province, Manchuria (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, vol. 2, pp 414-422, Tokyo University Press).
      • Huludao Prefecture
        • Jianchang Co.
          • Bajiazi Zn-Pb-Ag deposit
    		Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • South Bohemia Region
        • Písek
    		Němec, D: Výskyt minerálů humitové skupiny v ČEském macívu. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae naturales, 1971-72, roč. LVI-LVII, s. 41-46.
        • Strakonice
          • Volyně
    		Němec, D: Výskyt minerálů humitové skupiny v Českém macívu. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae naturales, 1971-72, roč. LVI-LVII, s. 41-46.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Třebíč
    		Houzar, S. & Novák, M. (2006): Clintonite-bearing assemblages in chondrodite marbles from the contact aureole of the Trebic Pluton, Moldanubian Zone, Bohemian Massif. J. Czech Geol. Soc. 51, 249-258. [http://www.jgeosci.org/content/JCGS2006_3-4__houzar.pdf]
    Němec, D: Výskyt minerálů humitové skupiny v ČEském macívu. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae naturales, 1971-72, roč. LVI-LVII, s. 41-46.
    Houzar, S.: Chondroditový mramor a skarny od Štěpánovic u Třebíče. Minerál, 2004, roč. 12, č. 4, s. 270-271.
    Houzar, S. & Novák, M. (2006): Clintonite-bearing assemblages in chondrodite marbles from the contact aureole of the Trebic Pluton, Moldanubian Zone, Bohemian Massif. J. Czech Geol. Soc. 51, 249-258. [http://www.jgeosci.org/content/JCGS2006_3-4__houzar.pdf]
    Finland
     
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Turku-Pori
        • Pargas (Parainen)
    		No reference listed
    Pekka Paananen material
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Céret
          • Prats de Mollo-La Preste (Prats de Molló-La Presta)
    		Dubru. M, (1986) Pétrologie et géochimie du marbre à brucite et des borates associés au gisement de tungstène de Costabonne, (Pyrénées orientales, France) 930p
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart Mts
          • Aschaffenburg
            • Gailbach
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Hauzenberg
            • Obernzell
              • Steinhag
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Vilshofen
          • Babing
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Harzburg
    		No reference listed
    India
     
    • Rajasthan (Rajputana)
      • Udaipur Division
        • Sirohi District
          • Deri-Ambaji Zn-Pb-Cu deposit
    		Econ Geol (1980) 75:572-591
    • Tamil Nadu
      • Tirunelveli District
    		Am Min 89:7 pp 1056-1060
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Ayas Valley
        • Ayas
          • Champoluc
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Cogne Valley
        • Cogne
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		[Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58]
            • Ercolano
              • San Vito
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Tolfa Mts District
          • Allumiere
    		Della Ventura G., Bellatreccia F., Cámara F., Oberti F., Lorand J.P., Parodi G.C., Carlier G., Di Domenico D. – 2006 - Carbon-bearing cordierite from Allumiere (Tolfa volcanic center, Latium, Italy): occurrence, crystal-structure and FTIR microspectroscopy. Periodico di Mineralogia, V. 75, pp. 113–126.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Bregaglia Valley
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 701-714.
        • Novate Mezzola
          • Codera Valley
    		Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Shimane Prefecture
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Tohoku Region
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Miyako City
            • Neichi mine
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Namibia
     
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Otjiwarongo District
    		A. Wohlschläger, U. Kolitsch and E. Libowitzky (2001): Large "gahnites" from near Okahua, Namibia: only Fe- and Zn-bearing spinels. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 146, 323.
    North Korea
     
    • North Hwanghae Province
      • Suan-gun
        • Hol Kol mine (Holgol; Suan; Namjong)
    		Watanabe, T. : Boron mineral resources in Korea (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)
    Watanabe, T. : Boron mineral resources in Korea (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)
    • South Hwanghae Province
      • Pyongsan-gun
        • Pongsan-myon
          • Namchol-li
    		Kinosaki, Y. (1941) Jour. Min. Soc. Korea, 24, 12.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
    		[minmax website]
    • Troms
    		Nordrum, F.S. (2000): Nyfunn av mineraler i Norge 1999-2000. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 17: 59-63
    Pakistan
     
    • Northern Areas
      • Gilgit District
    Romania
     
    • Bihor Co.
      • Nucet
    		Ş. Marincea: "Suanite in two boron-bearing magnesian skarns from Romania: data on a longtime ignored mineral species", Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen 182:183-192 (2006)
    Ş. Marincea: "Suanite in two boron-bearing magnesian skarns from Romania: data on a longtime ignored mineral species", Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen 182:183-192 (2006)
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Simeria
    		Bojar, H.-P. & Walter, F. (2006): Fluoro-magnesiohastingsite from Dealul Uroi (Hunedoara county, Romania): Mineral data and crystal structrure of a new amphibole end-member. Eur.J.Mineral. 18, 503-508
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Vishnevye (Vishnyovye) Mts
    		Nedosekova, I.L. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(2), 129-146.
    South Africa
     
    • KwaZulu-Natal Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
      • Phalaborwa
        • Loolekop
    		Minerals of South Africa
      • Thabazimbi
        • Glenover carbonatite
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    South Korea
     
    • Gyeongsangbuk-do (Kyongsang-bukto; Gyeongsangbugdo)
      • Bonghwa-gun
    		Lee, C.H., Lee, H.K., and Kim, S.J. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 379-390.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Vallès Oriental
          • Gualba de Dalt
    		Laura Palacios Pérez, Minerals i roques, Pòrtic Natura, 2003
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
        • Svärdsjö
      • Hedemora
    		No reference listed
      • Leksand
      • Ludvika
        • Grängesberg
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
      • Smedjebacken
    • Gästrikland
      • Hofors
        • Torsåker
    		NRM (Stockholm) database
      • Sandviken
        • Årsunda
    • Hälsingland
      • Ljusdal
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
      • Nordanstig
        • Hassela
    • Östergötland
      • Finspång
    		No reference listed
    • Södermanland
      • Katrineholm
        • Sköldinge
    		SGU Ca35, 572
      • Nynäshamn
    		Gustafsson, Lars & Otter, Bertil (1991): Mineralförekomster i Stockholmstrakten.Del 2. STEIN 18(4),4-12
      • Strängnäs
        • Åker
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
        • Ansvik ore field
        • Gåsgruvan ore field
    		No reference listed
    Econ Geol (1984) 79:696-715
    Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183. ; K:Gatedal
    No reference listed
        • Nordmark
    		No reference listed
        • Nyttsta ore field
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 848.
        • Pajsberg
    		No reference listed
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
        • Burträsk
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Lindesberg
    		Kjell Gatedal
      • Ljusnarsberg
        • Kopparberg
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
      • Nora
    No reference listed
      • Norberg
        • Getback ore field
        • Kallmora
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 369.
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Maggia Valley
        • Someo
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 113.
      • Verzasca Valley
        • Frasco
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 113.
    Tanzania
     
    • Arusha Region
      • Lake Manyara
    		Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Isle of Skye
          • Broadford
            • Kilchrist
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Nome Borough
        • Seward Peninsula
    		USGS Bull 358
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Little Dragoon Mts
          • Cochise District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 171; Cooper, J.R. & L.T. Silver (1964), Geology and ore deposits of the Dragoon quadrangle, Cochise Co., AZ, USGS PP 416.
      • Pinal Co.
        • Slate Mts
          • North Komelik
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 171, 327.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		AmMin 26:352-381
    Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
    Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
        • Jurupa
    		MinRec 15:273-290
        • Riverside
    		Cal Div of Mines & Geo Bulletin 189 " Minerals of California"
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Santa Cruz
    		Mineralogical Record: 17:315
    • Colorado
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Bergen Park area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Park Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 82:484-488
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
      • Litchfield Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 82:484-488
        • New Milford
          • Boardman's Bridge
    		Rocks & Minerals. Vol. 70. No. 6
    Rocks & Minerals 82:484-488
    • Georgia
      • Habersham Co.
        • Alto
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Idaho
      • Custer Co.
        • Mount Hyndman
    		R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    • Massachusetts
      • Berkshire Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
        • New Marlborough
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Skehan, James. Roadside Geology of Massachusetts (2001), p. 290.
      • Hampshire Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Middlesex Co.
    		Hitchcock, 1841. Geology of Massachusetts
      • Worcester Co.
        • Bolton
    		Palache, C. and Pinger, A. W. (1923). The scapolite deposit of Bolton, Massachusetts (American Mineralogist 8:153-157)
    • Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Gabbs District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
    		Gems and Minerals of America -Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
      • Sussex Co.
        • Byram Township
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 79.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Cook, D.K.: Recent work on the minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, NJ: Min. Rec.:4:62-66 (1973); Dunn(1995):Pt3:347.
    Betancourt, P.P. (The Picking Table, Vol. 27(2):2-10.
        • Hardyston Township
          • Rudeville
    		Rocks & Min.: 21:416, 576-577.
        • Sparta Township
    		A Quest for New Jersey Minerals, Robert Speiser (1978):9.
      • Warren Co.
        • Hope
    		NJ State Bull. 56(1942), Van Voorhis, J.M.
        • Oxford Township
          • Pequest
    		The Iron Mines of NJ (1910), Bayley:205.
    • New Mexico
      • Luna Co.
    		http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/staff/dunbar/abstract/dm99.html.
    • New York
    		John H. Betts (2009) \"The minerals of New York City\", Rocks & Minerals, 84, 204-240.
      • Orange Co.
        • Arden
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 75.
        • Highlands
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 66.
        • Monroe Township
          • Lake Mombasha
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 85; New York State Museum Bull. Nos. 249-250 (Sep-Oct 1921), Magnetic Iron Deposits of SE NY, Clarke, John M.: 109.
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 81.
        • Town of Warwick
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 63.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 71.
    Kearns (1977)
          • Pine Island
    		Rocks & Min.: 15: 162-164.
    The Geology of Orange Co., Geol. Survey of NY, Reis, Heinrich (1895): 406.
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 96.
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 95.
        • Woodbury
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 95.
      • Putnam Co.
        • Brewster
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 94; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 214.
        • German Flats
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 80; NY State Museum Bull. Nos. 249-250, Magnetic Iron Deposits of SE NY, Clarke, John M. (Sep-Oct 1921): 125.
      • Rockland Co.
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 98.
      • St Lawrence Co.
        • Rossie
    		George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.; George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    • Pennsylvania
      • Chester Co.
        • Pennsbury Township
    		Dana 6:541.
    • Washington
      • Ferry Co.
        • Bodie Mountain
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.72
      • Okanogan Co.
        • Radar Mountain
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.72
      • Pend Oreille Co.
        • Blueslide
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.72
      • Stevens Co.
        • Deer Trail District
          • Adams Mountain
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.48,72,75
    Vietnam
     
    • Yenbai (Yen Bai) Province
      • Luc Yen
        • An Phu
    		Min Rec 2007 38:443-453
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
    www.mindat.org Web
    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.