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Clausthalite

Big Photo

Ruhmvoll dyke, Alberoda, Schlema-Hartenstein District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Clausthalite Photos (7)
Formula:
PbSe
System:IsometricColour:Bluish grey to lead-grey
Hardness:2½ - 3
Name:After the discovery locality: Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Harz Mountains, Germany.


Galena Group. Clausthalite-Galena Series.

Classification of Clausthalite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.15-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.CD.10

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
D : With Sn, Pb, Hg, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:2.8.1.2

2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.6.6

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
6 : Sulphides etc. of Sb and Pb
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Type Occurrence of Clausthalite

Type Locality:St Lorenz Mine, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Harz Mts, Lower Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1832

Physical Properties of Clausthalite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Bluish grey to lead-grey
Streak:Grey-black
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3
Cleavage:Distinct/Good

Crystallography of Clausthalite

Crystal System:Isometric
Cell Parameters:a = 6.12Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 229.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Clausthalite

Formula:
PbSe
Essential elements:Pb, Se
All elements listed in formula:Pb, Se
Common Impurities:Hg,Co,Cu

Relationship of Clausthalite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Galena (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.CD.05Herzenbergite
(Sn,Pb)SnS
 
2
2.CD.05Teallite
(Pb,Sn)SnS
 
2
2.CD.10Alabandite
Mn
2+
 
S
2.CD.10Altaite
PbTe
2.CD.10Galena
PbS
2.CD.10Niningerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)S
2.CD.10Oldhamite
(Ca,Mg)S
2.CD.10Keilite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)S
2.CD.15aCinnabar
HgS
2.CD.15bHypercinnabar
HgS
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.6.1Herzenbergite
(Sn,Pb)SnS
 
2
3.6.2Ottemannite
beta Sn
 
2
S
 
3
3.6.3Berndtite
SnS
 
2
3.6.4Stistaite
SnSb
3.6.5Galena
PbS
3.6.7Altaite
PbTe
3.6.8Furutobeite
(Cu,Ag)
 
6
PbS
 
4
3.6.9Aschamalmite
Pb
 
6
Bi
 
2
S
 
9
3.6.10Betekhtinite
Cu
 
10
(Fe,Pb)S
 
6
3.6.11Shadlunite
(Pb,Cd)(Fe,Cu)
 
8
S
 
8

Other Names for Clausthalite

Synonyms:
ClausthalieSelenbleiglanz
Other Languages:
German:Clausthalit
Selenblei
Russian:Клаусталит
Spanish:Clausthalita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Clausthalite

Reference List:Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 204-205.

American Mineralogist (1950): 35: 337-364.

American Mineralogist (1959): 44: 166.

Internet Links for Clausthalite

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    Localities for Clausthalite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • La Rioja
      • Famatina
        • Puerto Alegre
    		Paar, et al. (1996): Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina 51 (4):304-312
      • Jagué
    		Canadian Mineralogist (2004): 42(6): 1745-1755.
    Recursos Minerales de la Republica Argentina, E. O. Zappettini Ed., Buenos Aires 1999 ISSN 0328-2325
    Sarp, H. & G.Burri, Schweiz. Mineral.Petrogr. Mitt. 67, 219-223(1987)
      • Sañogasta District
    		M.K. de Brodtkorb (ed.) (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina, (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina)
    Minerales de la Republica Argentina, E. O. Zappettini Ed., Buenos Aires 1999 ISSN 0328-2325
    No reference listed
      • Sierra de Umango
        • Sierra de Cacho
    • Mendoza
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Robinson Co.
        • Cobar
          • Cobar
    		L.B. Gilligan and J.G. Byrnes Cobar Metallogenic Map 1:250 000
    • Northern Territory
      • South Alligator Valley Mineral Field
        • Rockhole area
    		Rajesh, H.M. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 382-396.
    • Tasmania
      • Queenstown district
    		Ralph Bottrill et al in prep.
    Bottrill RS & Baker, WE (in prep) Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Kalgoorlie
            • Golden Boulder mine
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Neuberg an der Mürz
        • Altenberg an der Rax
          • Eselberg Mt.
    		Postl, W. & Paar, W.H. (1997)
    Belgium
     
    • Luxembourg Province
      • Wellin
    		Jedwab J., Dejonghe L. (1982): Bulletin de la société belge de Géologie 91(4), 217-233
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Antonio Quijarro Province
    		[MinRec 21:133]; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Chayanta Province
        • Pakajake Canyon (Pacajake Canyon)
    		[MinRec 32:476]; Amer.Min.(1969) 54, 1519-1527
    Brazil
     
    • Central-West Region
      • Goiás
        • Cavalcante
    		Botelho, N.F., Moura, M.A., Peterson, R.C., Stanley, C.J., Silva, D.V.G. (2006): "Kalungaite, PdAsSe, a new platinum-group mineral from the Buraco do Ouro gold mine, Cavalcante, Goiás State, Brazil", Mineralogical Magazine 70, 123-130
    Bulgaria
     
    • Pazardzhik (Pazardjik) Oblast
      • Srednogorie (Sredna Gora; Srdnia Gora) Region
        • Panagyurishte (Panagurishte) Obshchina
          • Zlatitsa
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Flin Flon District
    		Econ Geol (1992) 87:1906-1910
    • Ontario
      • Algoma District
        • Montreal River harbor
      • Cochrane District
        • Kidd Township
          • Timmins
    		ontariominerals.com; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Sudbury District
        • Wisner Township
    		Econ. Geol. 103 (2008) 1005-1028.
      • Thunder Bay District
        • Marathon
          • Hemlo gold deposit
    		ontariominerals.com
    • Québec
      • Nord-du-Québec
        • Baie-James
          • Otish Mountains
    		Zdenek, J., Picot, P., and Ruhlmann, F. (1987): Canadian Mineralogist 25, 625-638.
    • Saskatchewan
      • Beaverlodge Region
        • Goldfields District
          • Beaverlodge Lake
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
          • Melville Lake
            • Eagle shaft area
    		Can Min 10:787-796
        • Lake Athabasca
          • Shirley Peninsula
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Can Min Vol. 29, pp. 4ll-4l8 (1991)
          • Uranium City
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Econ Geol (1987)82:1169-1176
    China
     
    • Gansu (Ganzu) Province
      • Gannan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Luqu Co.
          • Western Qinling gold belt
    		Hanjie Wen, Carignan, J., Yuzhuo Qiu, and Shirong Liu (2006): Environmental Science and Technology 40(4), 1126-1132.
    • Guizhou Province
      • Guiyang Prefecture
        • Kaiyang Co.
    		Chen Luming, Zhang Qifa, Li Deren, and Wang Guanxin (1993): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 13(1), 7-11.
    • Hunan Province
      • Zhangjiajie Prefecture
        • Cili Co.
    		Wallis, E. (2006): PhD Thesis, Technical University of Berlin, Germany (in German with English abstract), Vol. 1, 136-154.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Fuzhou Prefecture
        • Chongren Co.
          • Liueryilin Uranium ore field
    		Maozhong Min, Changquan Fang, and Mostafa Fayek (2005): Ore Geology Reviews 26(3/4), 187-197.
    Peng Xinjian, Luo Xingzhang, Zhang Wenlan, and Min Maozhong (2001): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 21(2), 133-136.
    • Sichuan Province
      • Leshan Prefecture
        • Muchuan Co.
    		Jianbin Zheng, Zhimin Cao, Wei An, and Yaonan Luo (2006): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 26(3), 346-348.
      • Ngawa (Aba) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruo'ergai Co. (Zoigê Co.)
          • Western Qinling gold belt
    		Anthony, J.W. et al.: Handbook of Mineralogy
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Tulufan (Turfan; Turpan) Prefecture
        • Shanshan (Piqan; Pichan) Co.
    		Jingwen Mao, Goldfarb, R.J., Yitian Wang, Hart, C.J., Zhiliang Wang, and Jianmin Yang (2005): Episodes 28(1), 23-36.
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Yining (Ghulja) Co.
    		Wei Zhai, Xiaoming Sun, Weidong Sun, Liwei Su, Xiaoping He and Youliang Wu (2009): Ore Geology Reviews (in press).
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Strübel, Zimmer: "Lexikon der Minerale", 2nd Ed., 1991; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Krkonoše Mts (Riesengebirge)
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Nejdek (Neudek)
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
          • Ostrov
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
      • Liberec Region
    		Scharm, B.: Přehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severočeské křídě. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 169-172.
      • Pardubice Region
        • Třemošnice
    		Fengl, M.: Mineralogie těžených fluoritových ložisek (2.). Minerál, 1998, roč. 6, č. 4, s. 243-252.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Planá
    		Scharmová, M., Scharm, B.: Minerály selenu na uranovém ložisku Zadní Chodov. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 43-47.
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Dubí
    		Sejkora, J.: Minerály ložiska Moldava v Krušných horách. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 110-116.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Javorník
          • Horní Hostice
    		Pauliš, P., Novák, F., Ševců, J.: Sekundární minerály z uranového ložiska Jelení vrch u Horních Hoštic v Rychlebských horách. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 2004, roč. 89, s. 121 - 138.
    Sejkora, J.: Uranové ložisko Zálesí v Rychlebských horách. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 105-110.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Nové Město na Moravě
    		Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38. ; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
        • Rožná deposit
    		Vavřín, I.: Nové poznatky o selenidech Českého masívu. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 82-89. ; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
    Petr Pauliš
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38. ; Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
    Vavřín, I.: Nové poznatky o selenidech Českého masívu. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 82-89.
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Central area
          • Shinkolobwe
    		Mineralogical Record: 20: 287-288.
    Finland
     
    • Lapin (Lapland) Lääni
      • Portimo complex
      • Sodankylä
    		No reference listed
    • Oulun (Oulu) Lääni
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    No reference listed
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Am Min 50:581-586
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Lauch valley
          • Rimbach-près-Guebwiller
    		J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
    • Auvergne
      • Puy-de-Dôme
        • Saint-Amant-Tallende
          • Olloix
    		H. Agrinier and J. Geffroy : "Les Minéraux Séléniés du Point Uranifère de Liauzun-en-Olloix (Puy de Dôme) : Clausthalite, Sélénium Natif, Sélénite de Plomb et Chalcoménite", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr., 1967, XC, N°3, 383-386
        • Sauxillanges
          • Chaméane
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Hautes-Alpes
        • Saint-Véran
    		A. Sinojmeri, M. Ohnenstetter, Z. Johan : "Nouvelles données sur la clausthalite et les tellurures du gisement de Saint Véran (Hautes Alpes)", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. , 1987
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
    		No reference listed
        • Menzenschwand
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Weißenstadt
            • Großschloppen
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Schwandorf
          • Wölsendorf Fluorite mining District
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Korbach
          • Eisenberg
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Sachsa
          • Zorge
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Braunlage
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
          • Lerbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
        • Lautenthal
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • St Andreasberg District
          • St Andreasberg
    		No reference listed
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Marsberg
    		Lapis, 16 (12), 13-21+58.
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Harz Mts
        • Gernrode
          • Rieder
    		Schaarschmidt, H. (2007): Weltweit einmalig: Clausthalit als freie Kristalle aus dem Harz. Lapis 32 (3), 41-42. (in German)
        • Tilkerode (Abberode)
    		Lapis 2002(11), 42-43
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Freiberg District
    		Naumann, Zirkel: "Elemente der Mineralogie", 10th Ed., Leipzig (1898)
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Marienberg District
          • Lauta
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    American Mineralogist (1983): 68: 280-281.
          • Alberoda
    		The Canadian Mineralogist, V 42, 2004, pp. 1719-1732.
    No reference listed
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Pöhla
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
        • Qaqortoq (Julianehåb)
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Italy
     
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Villaputzu
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work
    Japan
     
    • Kyushu Island
      • Kagoshima Prefecture
        • Kushikino City
    		Shiga & Urashima (1983) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 123.
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Mapimí
        • Mapimí
    		Panczner(1987):112-384.
    Mineralogical Record (2003) 34:5 The Ojuela Mine
    • Sonora
      • Mun. de Moctezuma
    		Lapis 2001(1), 11-40
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
          • Bou Azzer District
            • Bleida
    		El Ghorfi, M., Oberthür, T., Melcher, F., Lüders, V., El Boukhari, A., Maacha, L., Ziadi, R., and Baoutoul, H. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 549-564.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Flesberg
        • Svene
          • Kongsberg Silver Mining District
            • Vinoren Silver Mine Field
    		Heier,K.(1953):"Clausthalite and Selenium-bearing Galena in Norway". Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 32,228-231 + Neumann (1985, p. 26).
    Johnson, O., 1986, Kongsberg, Mineralogical Record, v 17: 19-36.
        • Kongsberg Silver Mining District
          • Underberget Mine-field
    		Heier,K.(1953):"Clausthalite and Selenium-bearing Galena in Norway". Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 32,228-231 + Neumann (1985, p. 26).
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Jelenia Góra District
        • Kowary area
    		Mochnacka K. 1967: Geologia polimetalicznego złoża w Kowarach (Dolny Śląsk). Pr. Geol. Kom. Nauk Geol. PAN Oddz. w Krakowie nr 40; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Kłodzko District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Legnica
        • Lubin District
          • Lubin
    		Harańczyk C. 1972: Mineralizacja kruszcowa dolnocechsztyńskich osadów euksenicznych monokliny przedsudeckiej. Arch. Miner. T.30, z. 1-2
        • Polkowice District
    		Piestrzynski, A., and Wodzicki, A. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 37-47.
      • Wałbrzych District
    		Muszer A., Szuszkiewicz A., Łobos K. 2006: New occurence of clausthalite (PbSe) in the Sudetes (SW Poland). Mineralogia ; Muszer A., Szuszkiewicz A., Łobos K. 2006: New occurence of clausthalite (PbSe) in the Sudetes (SW Poland). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 37., no. 2, 123-132
    • Podlaskie
      • Suwałki District
        • Suwałki Massif
    		Nejbert K. 2006: New data on the Ag-Te-Se mineralisation in magnetite-ilmenite rocks from the Suwałki Anorthosite Massif, NE Poland. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 29, 172-175
    • Wielkopolskie
      • Jarocin District
        • Jarocin area
    		Piestrzyński A. 1992: Bi4Se3 a new unnamed mineral from the Kupferschiefer, Polish Lowland: Preliminary report. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 23, No 2, 35-42
    Romania
     
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Deva
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
    		Golubev, V.N., Makar’ev, L.B., and Bylinskaya, L.V. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(6), 482-490.
          • Lake Baikal area
            • Dovyren Highlands
    		Galuskin, E. V. et al. (2007): Dovyrenite Ca6Zr[Si2O7]2(OH)4 – A New Mineral From Skarned Carbonate Xenoliths In Basic-Ultrabasic Rocks Of The Ioko-Dovyren Massif, Northern Baikal Region, Russia. Mineralogia Polonica, 38, 15-27
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
            • Noril'sk
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
              • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
      • Tuva Republic
        • Sayan Mts
          • Eastern Sayan
    		Alexander V. Dedeev et al (2002) The PGE-Bearing Sulphide Ores of the Kingash Mafic-Ultramafic Differentiated Intrusion and Ore Processing Characteristics, East Sajan, Russia. 9th annual platinum symposium
        • Turan District
    		http://maurice.strahlen.org/tuva/tuva.htm; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Far-Eastern Region
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    		[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		[MinRec 32:8]
      • Sakhalinskaya Oblast'
        • Kuril Islands
          • Kunashir Island
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Lake Onega
          • Zaonezhie peninsula
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 83, pages 1118, 1998; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Bashkortostan (Bashkiria) Republic
          • Uchaly
    		Belogub, E.V., Novoselov, K.A., Yakovleva, V.A., and Spiro, B. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 239-254.
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Pervomayskiy
    		Lehmann, B., Heinhorst, J., Hein, U., Neumann, M., Weisser, J.D., and Fedesejev, V. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 241-249.
        • Orenburgskaya Oblast'
          • Orsk
    		Belogub, E.V., Novoselov, K.A., Yakovleva, V.A., and Spiro, B. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 239-254.
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Spišská Nová Ves Mining District
          • Novoveská Huta
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
    		[MinRec 22:187]
    • Northwest Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
          • Rustenburg Mine
    		Economic Geology (1990) 85:537-555
    • Western Cape Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • León
        • Cármenes
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Conca de Barberà
          • Vimbodí
            • Poblet Monastery
    		C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
    		No reference listed
    • Östergötland
      • Valdemarsvik
    		Sandström, F. (2007): Skrikerum. Litiofilen 24 (1), 22-38; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    • Småland
      • Oskarshamn
    		No reference listed
    • Södermanland
      • Nyköping
        • Tunaberg
    		Mineralogy and Petrology (1991) 44 (1-2), 1438-1168
    Switzerland
     
    • Aargau
      • Laufenburg
        • Kaisten
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
      • Rheinfelden
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
      • Wallbach
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
    • Basel-Land
      • Sissach
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Saint-Luc
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
      • Nendaz Valley
    		Wulser et al. (2005) Cleusonite, a new mineral species from the crichtonite group from the western Swiss Alps, EJM 17, 933-942
    • Zürich
      • Glattfelden
        • Weiach
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 116.
    Turkey
     
    • Black Sea Region
      • Artvin Province
        • Murgul
          • Murgul Cu-Zn-Pb deposit
    		Özgür, N. (1993): Resource Geology, Special Issue 17, 180-185.
    Özgür, N. (1993): Resource Geology, Special Issue 17, 180-185.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • East Devon
    		By EPMA at UCL 23/10/08
        • South Devon
          • Torquay
    		[Camm, 1995, 71 - "Gold in the Counties of Cornwall and Devon"]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Greenlee Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 176.
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
    		MinRec 15:5
    • Colorado
      • Garfield Co.
        • East Rifle Creek area
    		USGS Prof Paper 320
    USGS Prof Paper 320
      • La Plata Co.
        • Durango Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Montrose Co.
        • Uravan District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
          • Paradox Valley
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Minnesota Gulch
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Lower San Miguel District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Slick Rock District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Georgia
      • Cherokee Co.
        • Canton
    		Rocks & Min.:64:189; Shearer & Hull(1918).
    • Missouri
      • Jackson Co.
    		Econ Geol (1987) 82:740-751
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Bootstrap District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Gold Circle District (Midas District)
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • Lewis District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Mineral Co.
        • Borealis District
          • Borealis mine
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. Ed., 1996
    • Pennsylvania
      • Carbon Co.
        • Jim Thorpe (Mauch Chunk)
    		Geyer, Smith & Barnes 1976. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
    • Texas
      • Brewster Co.
    		R&M 66:3 pp 196-224
      • Presidio Co.
    		R&M 66:3 pp 196-224
    • Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • Big Indian District (Big Indian Wash - Lisbon Valley Area)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • La Sal Quadrangle
    		Canadian Mineralogist (2001) 39, pp. 1691-1700
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Harare District
    		Oberthür, T. and Weiser, T. W. (2008): Gold-bismuth-telluride-sulphide assemblages at the Viceroy Mine, Harare-Bindura-Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe. Mineral. Mag. 72, 953-970.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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