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Clinohedrite

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Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA

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Formula:
CaZn(SiO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Colorless, pale ...
Hardness:5½
Name:From the Greek klino, for incline, and hedra, for face, for the inclined faces characterising the crystal morphology.


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Classification of Clinohedrite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.03-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AE.30

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
E : Nesosilicates with additional anions (O,OH,F,H2O); cations in tetrahedral [4] coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:52.2.1.2

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and >[4] coordination
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.7.16

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
7 : Silicates of Ba, Sr and Zn
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Type Occurrence of Clinohedrite

Type Locality:Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:extremely thin to thick fracture coatings, in cavities, rarely as crusts of free growing crystals.
Year of Discovery:1898
Geological Setting of type material:In hydrothermally altered, metamorphosed zinc-manganese-iron silicate-oxide orebody.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
WillemiteRoeblingiteHardystoniteEsperiteDatolite
BustamiteAndradite

Physical Properties of Clinohedrite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Colorless, pale amethystine (rare)
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):5½

Crystallography of Clinohedrite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.09Å, b = 15.82Å, c = 5.38Å
β = 103.39°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.322 : 1 : 0.34
Unit Cell Volume:V 421.44 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Crystal Atlas:
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Clinohedrite no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Clinohedrite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.662 nβ = 1.667 nγ = 1.669
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.007

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:weak

Chemical Properties of Clinohedrite

Formula:
CaZn(SiO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, Si, Zn
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, O, Si, Zn
Common Impurities:Fe,Al,Mn,Mg

Relationship of Clinohedrite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AE.05Beryllite
Be
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.AE.10Euclase
BeAl(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
9.AE.15Sverigeite
NaMnMgSnBe
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
9.AE.20Hodgkinsonite
Mn
2+
 
Zn
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.AE.25Gerstmannite
MnMgZn(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.AE.35Stringhamite
CaCu(SiO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
9.AE.40Katoptrite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
13
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Sb
5+
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
20
9.AE.45Yeatmanite
Zn
 
6
Mn
2+
9
Sb
5+
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
12
9.AE.50Sphaerobertrandite
Be
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.7.1Sanbornite
Ba
 
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)
14.7.2Krauskopfite
BaSi
 
2
O
 
5
 · 3H
 
2
O
14.7.3Walstromite
BaCa
 
2
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
14.7.4Macdonaldite
BaCa
 
4
Si
 
16
O
 
36
(OH)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
14.7.5Ericssonite
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
14.7.6Ericssonite-2O
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
14.7.7Gillespite
BaFe
2+
 
[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
14.7.8Andrémeyerite
BaFe
2+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
14.7.9Pellyite
Ba
 
2
Ca(Fe,Mg)
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
17
14.7.10Taikanite
Sr
 
3
BaMn
2+
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)O
 
2
14.7.11Willemite
Zn
 
2
SiO
 
4
14.7.12Hemimorphite
Zn
 
4
Si
 
2
O
 
7
(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
14.7.13Zincsilite
Zn
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
14.7.14Hardystonite
Ca
 
2
Zn(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
14.7.15Petedunnite
Ca(Zn,Mn
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Si
 
2
O
 
6
14.7.17Junitoite
CaZn
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
7
 · H
 
2
O
14.7.18Larsenite
PbZnSiO
 
4
14.7.19Esperite
PbCa
 
2
Zn
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
14.7.20Hodgkinsonite
Mn
2+
 
Zn
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
14.7.21Gerstmannite
MnMgZn(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
14.7.22Gageite
Mn
 
21
O
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)
 
2
(OH)
 
20
14.7.23Franklinfurnaceite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
 
Mn
2+
3
Mn
3+
 
(Zn
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8

Other Names for Clinohedrite

Other Languages:
German:Clinohedrit
Klinoedrit
Russian:Клиноэдрит
Spanish:Clinohedrita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Bright orange (SW UV); dull orange (LW UV).
Health Warning:None.
Industrial Uses:None.

References for Clinohedrite

Reference List:

- +
Palache, Charles (1935), USGS PP 180: 106.

Dunn, P.J., et al (1983): American Mineralogy: 68: 1033-1037.

Dunn, P.J. (1995): Pt3: 365.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 144: 377-392.

Internet Links for Clinohedrite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    • Localities for Clinohedrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    China
     
    • Gansu Province
      • Gannan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Luqu Co.
    		Hanjie Wen, Carignan, J., Yuzhuo Qiu, and Shirong Liu (2006): Environmental Science and Technology 40(4), 1126-1132.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 177; Rocks & Min.:60:238; Dr. Sidney Williams, AZ
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Palache(1935):106; Dunn, et al: Am. Min.:68:1033-1037 (1983); Dunn(1995):Pt3:365.
    Weissman purchased specimen
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