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Baumstarkite

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San Genaro Mine, Castrovirreyna District, Castrovirreyna Province, Huancavelica Department, Peru
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Baumstarkite Photos (5)
Formula:
AgSbS
 
2
System:TriclinicColour:greyish black to black
Lustre:MetallicHardness:2½
Name:For German mineralogist and mineral dealer, Manfred Baumstark (b. 1954), who discovered the mineral.


The triclinic polymorph of Miargyrite and Cuboargyrite.

Classification of Baumstarkite

IMA status:Approved 1999
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.16-15
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.HA.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
A : With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)
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Type Occurrence of Baumstarkite

Type Locality:San Genaro Mine, Castrovirreyna District, Castrovirreyna Province, Huancavelica Department, Peru
General Appearance of Type Material:Individual crystals not exceeding 3 mm, crystal aggregates up to 40x10mm coating miargyrite. Anhedral grains in miargyrite common (up to several mm)
Year of Discovery:1999
Geological Setting of type material:In high-grade silver ores of hypogene origin.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
StanniteSphaleriteRobinsonitePyritePyrargyrite
MiargyriteKësteriteGalenaDiaphoriteChalcopyrite
Andorite

Physical Properties of Baumstarkite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:greyish black to black
Streak:greyish black
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Hardness (Vickers):VHN25=89.3 kg/mm2
Tenacity:Sectile
Cleavage:Perfect
on {001}, good on {100}
Density (measured):5.33 g/cm3
Density (calculated):5.39 g/cm3

Crystallography of Baumstarkite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 7.766Å, b = 8.322Å, c = 8.814Å
α = 100.62°, β = 104.03°, γ = 90.22°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.933 : 1 : 1.059
Unit Cell Volume:V 542 ų
Z:6
Morphology:{001},{10_1},{201},{010} and {01_1} most frequent, {100} subordinate.
Twinning:Occasionally on (001)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.425 (8)
3.224 (6)
2.841 (8)
2.798 (100)
2.013 (5)
1.971 (5)

Optical Data of Baumstarkite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Strong to weak
Reflectivity:
470nmR1=31.30%R2= 39.65%imR1= 16.60%imR2= 23.60%
546nmR1=29.20%R2= 37.30%imR1= 14.60%imR2= 21.15%
589nmR1=27.80%R2= 36.10%imR1= 13.35%imR2= 20.10%
650nmR1=26.15%R2= 33.05%imR1= 12.16%imR2= 17.60%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 39.65%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:Grey to white
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Baumstarkite

Formula:
AgSbS
 
2
Essential elements:Ag, S, Sb
All elements listed in formula:Ag, S, Sb
Analytical Data:Means of 22 sets of electron microprobe data
Cu (0.10)
Ag (36.3)
Sb (40.2)
As (0.7)
S  (22.0)

Total: 99.3 wt.%
Empirical Formula:
Ag
 
0.99
(Sb
 
0.97
As
 
0.03
)
 
Σ1.00
S
 
2.01

Relationship of Baumstarkite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.HA.05Chalcostibite
CuSbS
 
2
2.HA.05Emplectite
CuBiS
 
2
2.HA.10Miargyrite
AgSbS
 
2
2.HA.20Berthierite
FeSb
 
2
S
 
4
2.HA.20Garavellite
FeSbBiS
 
4
2.HA.20Clerite
MnSb
 
2
S
 
4
2.HA.25Aramayoite
Ag(Sb,Bi)S
 
2

Other Names for Baumstarkite

Synonyms:
IMA1999-049
Other Languages:
German:Baumstarkit
Russian:Баумстаркит
Spanish:Baumstarkita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Baumstarkite

Reference List:Effenberger, H., Paar, W.H., Topa, D., Criddle, A.J., and Fleck, M. (2002) The new mineal baumstarkite and a structural reinvestigation of aramayoite and miargyrite. American Mineralogist: 87: 753-764.

Internet Links for Baumstarkite

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    Localities for Baumstarkite

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Sud Chichas Province
        • Atocha-Quechisla District
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Ste Marie-aux-Mines (Markirch)
    		Lapis 27(11), 2002
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Ishikari Province
    Peru
     
    • Huancavelica Department
      • Castrovirreyna Province
        • Castrovirreyna District
    		Amer.Min.(2002) 87, 753-764; Lapis 27(11), 2002
    Mineral and/or Locality
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