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Cornwallite

Big Photo

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Cornwallite Photos (119)
Formula:
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
System:MonoclinicColour:Verdigis green, ...
Hardness:4½
Name:Named after Cornwall, England, wherein lies the type locality.
Dimorph of:Cornubite


The monoclinic dimorph of Cornubite.

A secondary mineral formed by the oxidation of arsenical copper ores.

Classification of Cornwallite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.11-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BD.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4= 2:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.4.2.2

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)5(XO4)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:20.1.4

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
1 : Arsenates of Cu
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Type Occurrence of Cornwallite

Type Locality:Wheal Gorland, St Day United Mines (Poldice Mines), Gwennap area, Camborne - Redruth - St Day District, Cornwall, England, UK
Place of Conservation of Type Material:The Natural History Museum, London, England, MI 1985,1754.
Year of Discovery:1846

Occurrences of Cornwallite

Geological Setting:Found in the oxidized zones of copper deposits.

Physical Properties of Cornwallite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent, Opaque
Comment:Satiny or rough on surfaces from terminations of minute crystals.
Colour:Verdigis green, blackish-green, emerald-green; emerald-green in transmitted light.
Streak:Apple green
Hardness (Mohs):4½
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On one direction.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density (measured):4.17 g/cm3
Density (calculated):4.64 g/cm3

Crystallography of Cornwallite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/b {P1 1 21/b} {P21/c} {P1 21/c 1} {P21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 17.33Å, b = 5.82Å, c = 4.6Å
β = 92.22°
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.978 : 1 : 0.79
Unit Cell Volume:V 463.61 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Microcrystalline, radial fibrous botyroidal to globular and vitreous crusts. Less common as rounded tabular to blocky crystals.

Optical Data of Cornwallite

Type:Biaxial (+/-)
RI values: nα = 1.810 - 1.820 nβ = 1.815 - 1.860 nγ = 1.850 - 1.880
2V:Measured: 30° to 50°, Calculated: 34°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.040 - 0.060

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v

Chemical Properties of Cornwallite

Formula:
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
Essential elements:As, Cu, H, O
All elements listed in formula:As, Cu, H, O

Relationship of Cornwallite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BD.05Pseudomalachite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.05Reichenbachite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.10Arsenoclasite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.10Gatehouseite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.15Parwelite
Mn
 
10
Sb
 
2
As
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
24
8.BD.20Reppiaite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|VO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.25Ludjibaite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.30Cornubite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
20.1.1Lammerite
Cu
 
3
[AsO
 
4
]
 
2
20.1.2Olivenite
Cu
 
2
[OH|AsO
 
4
]
20.1.3Clinoclase
Cu
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|AsO
 
4
]
20.1.5Cornubite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
20.1.6Chlorotile (of Frenzel)
20.1.7Geminite
Cu
 
2
[As
 
2
O
 
7
] · 3H
 
2
O
20.1.8Euchroite
Cu
 
2
[OH|AsO
 
4
] · 3H
 
2
O
20.1.9Strashimirite
Cu
 
8
[OH|AsO
 
4
]
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
20.1.10Arhbarite
Cu
 
2
Mg[(OH)
 
3
|AsO
 
4
]
20.1.11Lindackerite
CuCu
 
4
[HAsO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8-9H
 
2
O
20.1.12Conichalcite
CaCu[OH|AsO
 
4
]
20.1.13Liroconite
Cu
 
2
Al[(OH)
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
20.1.14Ceruleite
Cu
 
2
Al
 
7
[(OH)
 
13
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 11.5H
 
2
O
20.1.15Chenevixite
Cu
 
2
Fe
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
20.1.16Arthurite
CuFe
3+
2
[(OH,O)|(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O

Other Names for Cornwallite

Synonyms:
Erinite (of Haidinger)
Other Languages:
German:Cornwallit
Russian:Корнваллит
Spanish:Cornwallita

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in nitric acid.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Cornwallite

Reference List:Haidinger (1828) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 14: 228 (as Erinite).

Haidinger (1828) Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 4: 154 (as Erinite).

Turner (1828) Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 4: 155.

Zippe (1847) Konigliche boehmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Prague, Abh.: [5], 4: 649.

Greg, R.P. and Lettsom, W.G. (1858) Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland. 483pp., London: 321.

Church (1868) Journal of the Chemical Society, London: 21: 276.

Hillebrand and Washington (1888) American Journal of Science: 35: 299.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 63, 72.

Berry, L.G. (1951) Observations on conichalcite, cornwallite, euchroite liroconite and olivenite. American Mineralogist: 36: 484–503.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 798-799 (as Erinite), 925.

Claringbull, G.F., M.H. Hey, and R.J. Davis (1959) Cornubite, a new mineral dimorphous with cornwallite. Mineralogical Magazine: 32: 1–5.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1999): 468-480.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 129.

Internet Links for Cornwallite

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    Localities for Cornwallite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Australian Mineralogist (1997): 3: 1.
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Yudnamutana District
    		Personal collection of Mark Willoughby
    S Sorrell (pers comm)
      • Olary Province
        • Kalabity homestead area
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
        • Plumbago homestead
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    • Western Australia
      • Pilbara Region
        • Ashburton Shire
    		[MinRec 24:203]
            • Anticline prospect
    		Mineralogical Record 24,203-216,218.
    Min. Record 24,203-218(1993)
    Min. Record 24,203-218(1993)
    Min.Record 24,203-218(1993)
    Downes, P. J., Hope, M., Bevan, A. W. R. and Henry, D. A. (2006): Chalcocite and associated secondary minerals from the Telfer gold mine, Western Australia. Austral. J. Mineral. 12, 25-42.
    Austria
     
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
          • Brixlegg - Schwaz area
            • Brixlegg - Rattenberg
              • Geyer - Silberberg District
                • Silberberg Mt.
    		R. Poeverlein and J. Gröbner (2007): "Der Bergbau Geyer bei Rattenberg in Tirol und seine Mineralien", Lapis 32(2), 34-38.
              • Gratlspitz Mt.
    		Lapis 19(7/8):13-78 (1994)
    Bulgaria
     
    • Balkan Mts (Stara-Planina Mts)
    		Mincheva-Stefanova, I. (1968): Strashimirite, a new hydrous copper arsenate. Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 97, 470-477 (in Russian). [Abstract in Am. Mineral. 54 (1969) 1221];
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • Antofagasta Province
        • Santa Catalina
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Horní Slavkov (Schlaggenwald)
          • Krásno
    		Petr Pauliš (2000): Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech, Kuttna, Kutná Hora; Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P., Fikar, M., Veselovský, F., Mach, Z., Gabašová, A., Skoda, R. & Beran, P. (2006): Supergene minerals at the Huber stock and Schnöd stock deposits, Krásno ore District, the Slavkovský les area, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 57-101.
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Dubí
    		Sejkora, J.: Minerály ložiska Moldava v Krušných horách. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 110-116.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Bas-Rhin
        • Villé Valley
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Fecht valley (Munster valley)
          • Munster
    		J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
          • Zimmerbach
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", 1997
        • Rouffach
          • Osenbach
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
        • Ste Marie-aux-Mines (Markirch)
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
    Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", 1997
    Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", 1997
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Hérault
        • Lodève
    		[Le Règne Minéral 1997, 13, p.5-18]
    • Lorraine
      • Vosges
        • St Dié
          • Saulcy-sur-Meurthe
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
        • Val-d'Ajol
          • Faymont
            • Les Roches valley - Bois de la Vèche area
    		J.C. Escande, Z. Johan, J. Lougnon, P. Picot, F. Pillard : "Note sur la présence de minéraux de bismuth dans un filon de barytine et fluorine à Faymont, près Le Val-d'Ajol (Vosges)", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. , 1973, 96, 398-399.
    Lheur C., Moreau F. (1994), Les minéralisations du filon du Bas Hérival près du Val d'Ajol (Vosges), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°2, pp: 3-14
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
        • Monteils
    		No reference listed
      • Tarn
        • Ambialet
    		Queneau Patrice collection
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Var
        • Pradet
    		[UKJMM 2:11-15 "Cap Garonne Secondary Copper and Lead - W.R. van den Berg"]
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Rhône
        • Monsols
    		Favreau G., Legris J-R., Dardillac M. (1996), La Verrière (Rhône): Histoire et Minéralogie, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°3, pp:3-28
        • Poule-les-Echarmeaux
    		Valverde J. (1999), L'ancienne mine de plomb argentifère de Longefay (Rhône), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°4, pp: 14-24
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
          • Kälbelberg
    		No reference listed
        • Baiersbronn
          • Schönegründ
    		No reference listed
        • Calw
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
        • Emmendingen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Freudenstadt
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Wittern,A. (1995) Mineralien finden im Schwarzwald
        • Schapbach
          • Tiefenbach valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Burgfelsen
    		No reference listed
            • Heubach Valley
    		No reference listed
        • Villingen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart Mts
          • Hösbach
            • Sailauf
              • Hartkoppe Mt.
    		see locality page
          • Schöllkrippen
            • Sommerkahl
    		No reference listed
    • Hesse
      • Odenwald
        • Bensheim
          • Reichenbach
            • Hohenstein
    		Lapis 25(2), 13-30 (2000)
    Belendorff, K & Petitjean, K. (1987): Reichenbach im Odenwald. Die Mineralien von Fundpunkt 16.1. bei Reichenbach. LAPIS 12 (10), 23-32 + 58
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Lauterberg
    		Koch, H.-P. (2008): Die Minerale der Grube "Frische Lutter" bei Bad Lauterberg, Harz (Teil 1). Aufschluss 59, 65-76.
    Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1991): Mineralogische Notizen V, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 42, 155-171
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Bergisches Land
        • Rösrath
    		min max
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
    		Henrich, M. (2008): Neues von der Grube Eisenzecher Zug. Mineralien-Welt 19 (5), 16-25.
        • Gosenbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Littfeld
          • Silberg
    		Mineralien-Welt 19 (1), 28-35.
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Kirchheimbolanden
        • Imsbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Siegerland
        • Gebhardshain
          • Kausen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundstellen in Deutschland", 2001
      • Westerwald
        • Wied Iron Spar District
          • Neuwied
            • Puderbach
    		Lapis, 9 (9), 31-38.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Oberwiesenthal
          • Niederschlag
    		Lapis, 19 (4), 13-22+50.
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Langenberg
    		Lapis, 17 (7/8), 51-58+90.
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
    		No reference listed
    Hungary
     
    • Fejér Co.
      • Velencei Mts.
        • Lovasberény
    		No reference listed
    Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral species of Hungary, 2005
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Kerry
      • Beara
        • Tuosist
    		Moreton, S. & Green, D.I. (2006) UK Journal of Mines & Minerals, No. 27, p41-4.
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Ne
    		[MinRec 32:360]
    Redazionale (2005): Sistematica ligure: resoconto 2005. Notiziario di Mineralogia del Ferrania Club, 19 , 3-5.
            • Reppia
    		Redazione (2005): Sistematica ligure: resoconto 2005. Notiziario di Mineralogia Ferrania Club, 19, 3-5.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Viù Valley
              • Usseglio
    		Boscardin M.,Gaetani E.,Mattioli V. (1994)-Olivenite ed altre novità di Punta Corna,Valle di Viù,Piemonte-Rivista Mineralogica Italiana,Milano-Fasc. 2,pp 113-121
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Muravera
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Brizzi G., (1993): Sarrabus Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", 208 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kinki Region
        • Nara Prefecture
    		Ohori and Kobayashi (1996) Chigaku Kenkyu, 44, 223-232.
    Ohori and Kobayashi (1996) Chigaku Kenkyu, 44, 223-232.
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Urique
        • Urique
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    • Sonora
      • Cerro Morita
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1972 38 : 541-544.
    Mongolia
     
    • Hovd Aimag (Khovd Aimag)
      • Altai Mts
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
          • Bou Azzer District
            • Aghbar
    		Favreau, G. and Dietrich, J. E. (2006). Die Mineralien von Bou Azzer. Lapis 31(7/8), 27-68
            • Khder
    		Favreau, G. and Dietrich, J. E. (2006). Die Mineralien von Bou Azzer. Lapis 31(7/8), 27-68
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Czarnów
          • Rędziny
    		Domańska, J.: Rędziny. Otoczak, nr. 29, p. 38-52; Gołębiowska B., A. Pieczka, & W. Franus: "Olivenite-adamite solid solution from oxidation zone in Redziny (West Sudetes, Poland)": Mineralogia Polonica 37 (2006) 101-111.
        • Jelenia Góra District
    		Siuda R., Kruszewski L., 2006: New data on bayldonite, cornwallite, olivenite and philipsburgite from Miedzianka (Rudawy Janowickie Mts., Sudetes, Poland). Mineralogia Polonica Special Papers, 28, 202-204
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Ľubietová (Libetbánya; Libethen) ore belt
    		Pauliš,P.,Ďuďa,R.,2002: Nejzajímavejší mineralogická naletište Slovenska. Kuttna,K.Hora, 136p
        • Poniky
    		Pauliš, P., Ďuďa, R.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Slovenska. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2002, s. 50 - 51.
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Gelnica ore belt
    		Lapis 2003(1), 15-17
        • Spišská Nová Ves Mining District
          • Novoveská Huta
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Marble Hall
    		Robert O. Meyer collection; Dr. Hans Börner collection
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Almería
        • Níjar
          • Rodalquilar
    		S.Rust collection
    • Castile-La Mancha
      • Guadalajara
        • Pardos
    		J. Gröbner und B. Sainz de Barranda (1999): Die Mineralien der Kupfergrube bei Pardos in der Provinz Guadalajara, Spanien. Mineralien-Welt 10 (4), 26-31. (in German)
    • Murcia
      • Mazarrón-Águilas
        • Pastrana
    		P Haas collection
    MinRec-2003-0708-315
    • Valencian Community
      • Castellón
        • Castellnovo
    		CASANOVA HONRUBIA, JUAN MIGUEL & CANSECO CABALLÉ, MANUEL, 2002, Minerales de la Comunidad Valenciana : 237 p. Ed. Caja de Ahorros del Mediterráneo. Alicante
        • Chóvar
          • Bellota ravine
    		Joan Vinals & Miguel Calvo (2007) Corderoite, Kenhsuite and Perroudite, mercury sulphohalides from Chovar (Xovar), Castello, Spain. Mineral Up, June 2007.
        • Vall d'Uxó
          • La Corraliza
    		Casanova Honrubia, Juan Miguel & Canseco Caballé, Manuel, 2002, Minerales de la Comunidad Valenciana : 237 p. Ed. Caja de Ahorros del Mediterráneo. Alicante
        • Villahermosa del Rio
    		Collection and photos of Adrian Pesudo
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Callington District
          • Gunnislake Area
    		No reference listed
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Carn Brea area
            • Carn Brea and Tincroft United Mine
    		No reference listed
          • Gwennap area
            • Carharrack
              • West Clifford United Mines
    		Bruce, I, & D. Aubrey-Jones (1998) UKJMM 19:18-23
            • St Day
    		No reference listed
            • St Day United Mines (Poldice Mines)
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    No reference listed
    Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
        • Liskeard District
          • Caradon & Phoenix Area (South-Eastern Bodmin Moor)
            • Linkinhorne
    		No reference listed
        • Mount's Bay District
          • St Hilary
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
        • St Erth - Gwithian Area
          • Gwinear
            • Fraddam
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : 1-5.
        • St Just District
          • Botallack - Pendeen Area
            • Botallack
              • Botallack Mine
    		No reference listed
            • Truthwall
    		collected by M Perry, St Just
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
    		No reference listed
    BMS Database
            • Potts Gill
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    BMS Database
      • Devon
        • North Devon
          • North Molton District
    		BMS Collection
        • Tavistock District
          • Devon Great Consols
    		Collected Dec 2004
    Collected Dec 2004
          • Tavistock Hamlets
    		[Ian Bruce, 1996 - pers. comm.] and BMS collection
    • Scotland
      • Strathclyde (Lanarkshire)
        • South Lanarkshire
          • Leadhills
            • Mine Hill
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 798.
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Yukon-Koyukuk Borough
        • Kaiyuh District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)
          • Agua Fria District
            • Mayer
              • Copper Mountain
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 177, 188.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 188.
    • California
      • Plumas Co.
        • Last Chance District
          • Spring Creek area
    		Mineralogical Record (In press)
      • Sierra Co.
        • Antelope Valley
          • Loyalton
    		Mineralogical Record 24: 381
    • Montana
      • Silver Bow Co.
        • Butte District
    		The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen
          • East Ridge
    		Min. Rec. 33:1
    • Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
        • Truckee District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Weepah District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • Cortez District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Mineral Co.
        • Fitting District
          • Luning
            • Rhyolite Pass
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Pershing Co.
        • Antelope District
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Ameican Mineralogist, Volume 63, pages 704-708, 1978
    Jensen, M. (1993): Update on the mineralogy of the Majuba Hill mine, Pershing County. Mineralogical Record. 24, 171-180.
      • Washoe Co.
        • Pyramid District
    		Rocks & Minerals, Nov. 1999
    • New Mexico
      • Doña Ana Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
    • Utah
      • Juab Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • Tintic District
    		Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 1092; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 579, 798.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 798; Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 1092; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 562; Rocks & Minerals: 63: 130.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Big Indian District (Big Indian Wash - Lisbon Valley Area)
    		R&M 68:6 p372-380
    R&M 68:6 p381-393
      • Tooele Co.
        • Deep Creek Mts
          • Gold Hill District (Clifton District)
    		Mineral Collector 1:12 p179
            • Gold Hill
              • Gold Hill Mine (Western Utah Mine)
    		Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22
    Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22; Adams, P.M. (2005): Zalesiite from the Gold Hill Mine, Toole County, Utah. Mineral News, 21(8), 1; 3; 5.
    Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland West
      • Kadoma District
    		Vetter, U., Weck, H.-D., Weale, T., Klosa, D., Wittich, C. and Hoffmann, K. (1999): A provisional inventory of the Sanyati oxide-zone minerals, Zimbabwe. Z. Angew. Geol. 45, 15-21.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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