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Cronstedtite

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Hohe Warte Mine, Gernrode, Harz Mts, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
© Thomas Witzke

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Formula:
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[(Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
](OH)
 
4
Colour:Black, dark brown-black, ...Hardness:3½
Name:
After Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1722-1765), Swedish chemist and mineralogist who discovered nickel, scheelite and coined the term zeolite.
This page provides mineralogical data about Cronstedtite.

Classification of Cronstedtite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.27-120
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.ED.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
D : Phyllosilicates with kaolinite layers composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th edition ID:71.1.2c.7

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
1 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 1:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.19.7

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
19 : Silicates of Fe
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Type Occurrence of Cronstedtite

Type Locality:Příbram, Central Bohemia Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic
Year of Discovery:1821

Occurrences of Cronstedtite

Geological Setting:Low temperature hydrothermal mineral.

Physical Properties of Cronstedtite

Lustre:Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Black, dark brown-black, green-black
Streak:Dark olive green
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Tenacity:Elastic
Cleavage:Perfect
on {001}
Density (measured):3.34 - 3.35 g/cm3

Crystallography of Cronstedtite

Cell Parameters:a = 5.49Å, b = 9.51Å, c = 7.32Å
β = 104.51°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.577 : 1 : 0.77
Unit Cell Volume:V 0.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Hexagonal prisms, divergent fibrous groups, cylindroidal, reniform, massive.
Twinning:Twin axis [100], interpenetrating trigonal pyramids.
Comment:Stacking polytypes

Optical Data of Cronstedtite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.720 nβ = 1.800 nγ = 1.800
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.080

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r < v moderate
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:In brown and blacks

Chemical Properties of Cronstedtite

Formula:
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[(Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
](OH)
 
4
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Ca

Relationship of Cronstedtite to other Species

Member of:Serpentine Group
Common Associates:
SideritePyriteSphaleriteClinochloreQuartz
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.ED.05Dickite
Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.05Kaolinite
Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.05Nacrite
Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.05Odinite
(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)
 
2.4
(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.10Halloysite
Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.10Hisingerite
Fe
3+
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
9.ED.10Halloysite-7Å
Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al[(OH)
 
4
|AlSiO
 
5
]
9.ED.15Antigorite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
[(OH)
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
5
]
9.ED.15Berthierine
(Fe,Fe,Mg)
 
2-3
(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Brindleyite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)
 
2
Al(Si,Al)O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Chrysotile
Mg
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
[(OH)
 
4
|(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
]
9.ED.15Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Kellyite
Mn
2+
2
Al[(OH)
 
4
|AlSiO
 
5
]
9.ED.15Lizardite
Mg
 
3
[(OH)
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
5
]
9.ED.15Manandonite
LiAl
 
4
Si
 
3
BO
 
10
(OH)
 
6
9.ED.15Népouite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Pecoraite
Ni
 
3
[(OH)
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
5
]
9.ED.20Allophane
(Al
 
2
O
 
3
)(SiO
 
2
)
 
1.3-2
·2.5-3H
 
2
O
9.ED.20Chrysocolla
(Cu,Al)
 
2
H
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
·nH
 
2
O
9.ED.20Imogolite
Al
 
2
SiO
 
3
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.20Neotocite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
·H
 
2
O
9.ED.25Bismutoferrite
Fe
3+
2
Bi[OH|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
9.ED.25Chapmanite
Fe
3+
2
Sb
3+
 
[OH|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.19.1Fayalite
Fe
2+
2
[SiO
 
4
]
14.19.2Ferrosilite
Fe
 
2
[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
14.19.3Laihunite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
[SiO
 
4
]
 
2
14.19.4Ferro-anthophyllite
☐[Fe
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.19.5Ferripyrophyllite
Fe
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
14.19.6Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
14.19.8Hisingerite
Fe
3+
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O

Other Names for Cronstedtite

Synonyms:
Chloro-melaneCronstediteMelanglimmerSideroschisolite
Other Languages:
German:Cronstedit
Cronstedtit
Sideroschisolith
Russian:Кронстедтит
Spanish:Cronstedita
Cronstedtita
Sideroschisolita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Cronstedtite

Reference List:Mineralogical Record (1988): 19: 169.

Internet Links for Cronstedtite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Cronstedtite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Cronstedtite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Cronstedtite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Cue Shire
    		MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, MARCH 1982, VOL, 46, PP. 127-30
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Rotgülden
            • Lower Rotgülden lake
    		[Lapis 1993:5 p.13-28]
    Bolivia
     
    • La Paz Department
      • Inquisivi Province
        • Colquiri
    		Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
    • Oruro Department
      • Dalence Province
        • Huanuni
    		[MinRec 32:472]
    • Potosí Department
      • Rafael Bustillo Province
        • Llallagua
    		Mineralogical Record: 32: 474.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (7076CL).
    Am Min 47 (1962), 781
          • Březové Hory (Birkenberg)
            • Březové Hory deposit
    		[Bull.N.M.Praha 2002, 10, p.43-77]
      • Pardubice Region
    		Novák, F., Jansa, J.: Parageneze nerostů s helvínem z chvaletického ložiska. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1965, roč. 10, č. 1, s. 75-79.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Aude
        • Carcassonne
          • Mas-Cabardès
            • Salsigne
    		 Le Règne Minéral, Hors série (3), 36-54
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Waldsassen
            • Pfaffenreuth
    		F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd. ed. (1984), pp. 29-32
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Harz Mts
        • Gernrode
    		Lapis 15(7/8), 38-40 (1990)
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Börzsöny Mts.
        • Nagybörzsöny
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Sestri Levante
    		Carbone, C. , Marescotti, P., Cabella, R., Lucchetti, G. (2002): Sulfide alteration and related secondary minerals from the Libiola mine (Eastern Liguria, Italy). Poster at the 82° SIMP Congress , Arcavacata di Rende (CS) 18-20/09/2002. Abstract in Plinius 28 , 88-89.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Malenco Valley
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		"Le miniere di Brosso" I.Campostrini 2001 - ed. Museo Regionale Torino
    • Sardinia
      • Sassari Province
        • Porto Torres
    		Stara, P. & Conti-Vecchi, G. (1991): Minerali della Sardegna. Edizioni Della Torre, Cagliari, 276 pp.
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aquiles Serdán
        • Santa Eulalia District
          • East Camp
    		Panczner (1987): 77-395.
          • West Camp
            • Francisco Portillo
    		Panczner (1987):94-366.
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Langangen
          • Rønningen (Skredderrønningen)
    		Andersen, F., Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. Mineralien-Welt 7(4), 21-100
    Peru
     
    • Huánuco Department
      • Dos de Mayo Province
        • Huallanca District
    		Hyrsl & Rosales (2003) Mineralogical Record, 34, 241-254.
    Romania
     
    • Maramures Co.
      • Baia Mare (Nagybánya)
    		Huber, P. & Muresan,I. (1996): Die Erzlagerstätte Herja - Eisen-, Blei- und Antimonminerale aus der Erzlagerstätte Herja (Herzsabánya). Lapis, 21 (7), 27ff. (in German)
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Rožňava (Rozsnyo; Rosenau) Mining District
    		Pauliš P., Ďuďa R., 2002:Nejznámejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora, 136p
    South Africa
     
    • Western Cape Province
      • Cold Bokkeveld Mts
    		Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIV (2003)
    Spain
     
    • Murcia
      • Sierra de Cartagena
        • La Unión
    		Calvo, M. (1996). Mineralogía. La Unión. Bocamina, 2, 14-35
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Gwennap area
            • Baldhu
    		Hey's Mineral Index 3rd ed.
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Penzance - Ludgvan Area
            • Paul
    		No reference listed
        • St Austell District
          • Lanivet Area
            • Lanlivery
    		Dines, H.G: The Metalliferous Mining Region of South-West England, Vol II, pp 517 - 518
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Mohave Co.
        • Aquarius Mts (Aquarius Range; Peacock Range)
    		Heinrich, E. Wm. (1960), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 167: 12-18; Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 194, 303; Kauffman, A.J., Jr. & Jaffe, H.W. (1946), Chevkinite (tscheffkinite) from AZ, Am.Min.: 31:582-588.
    Kauffman and Jaffe (1946): 582; Heinrich, E.Wm. (1960), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 167: 19.
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Trumbull
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Cornucopia District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    Yemen
     
    • South Yemen
    		Zolensky, M. & A.Ivanov, Chemie der Erde 63,185-246(2003)
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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