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Crookesite

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Skrikerum Mine, Valdemarsvik, Östergötland, Sweden
© 2005 M. Kampf

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Formula:
(Cu,Tl,Ag)
 
2
Se
System:TetragonalColour:Lead Grey
Lustre:MetallicHardness:2½ - 3
Name:
For British scientist, Sir William Crookes (1832-1919), who discovered thallium in 1861.
This page provides mineralogical data about Crookesite.

Classification of Crookesite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/B.03-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.BD.50

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
D : With Hg, Tl
Dana 8th edition ID:2.4.12.1

2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.5.12

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
5 : Sulphides etc. of Hg and Tl
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Type Occurrence of Crookesite

Type Locality:Skrikerum Mine, Valdemarsvik, Östergötland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1866
Geological Setting of type material:Hydrothermal deposits

Physical Properties of Crookesite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Lead Grey
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=92 - 123 kg/mm2
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
Two at right angles
Density (measured):6.90 g/cm3
Density (calculated):7.443 g/cm3

Crystallography of Crookesite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Cell Parameters:a = 10.435Å, c = 3.954Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.379
Unit Cell Volume:V 430.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Disseminated specks and in veinlets.

Optical Data of Crookesite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Weak but distinct in brownish tones

Chemical Properties of Crookesite

Formula:
(Cu,Tl,Ag)
 
2
Se
Essential elements:Cu, Se
All elements listed in formula:Ag, Cu, Se, Tl
Common Impurities:Fe

Relationship of Crookesite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.BD.UM2004-33-S:AgCuHgSe
(Ag,Cu)
 
8
Hg
 
3
(S,Se)
 
7
2.BD.05Imiterite
Ag
 
2
HgS
 
2
2.BD.10Gortdrumite
(Cu,Fe)
 
6
Hg
 
2
S
 
5
2.BD.15Balkanite
Cu
 
9
Ag
 
5
HgS
 
8
2.BD.15Danielsite
(Cu,Ag)
 
14
HgS
 
8
2.BD.20Donharrisite
Ni
 
8
Hg
 
3
S
 
9
2.BD.25Carlinite
Tl
 
2
S
2.BD.30Bukovite
Tl
 
2
(Cu,Fe)
 
4
Se
 
4
2.BD.30Murunskite
K
 
2
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
4
2.BD.30Thalcusite
Tl
 
2
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
4
2.BD.35Rohaite
(Tl,Pb,K)
 
2
Cu
 
8.7
Sb
 
2
S
 
4
2.BD.40Chalcothallite
Tl
 
2
(Cu,Fe)
 
6
SbS
 
4
2.BD.45Sabatierite
Cu
 
6
TlSe
 
4
2.BD.55Brodtkorbite
Cu
 
2
HgSe
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.5.1Cinnabar
HgS
3.5.2Hypercinnabar
HgS
3.5.3Metacinnabar
HgS
3.5.4Imiterite
Ag
 
2
HgS
 
2
3.5.5Tiemannite
HgSe
3.5.6Balkanite
Cu
 
9
Ag
 
5
HgS
 
8
3.5.7Danielsite
(Cu,Ag)
 
14
HgS
 
8
3.5.8Coloradoite
HgTe
3.5.9Gortdrumite
(Cu,Fe)
 
6
Hg
 
2
S
 
5
3.5.10Polhemusite
(Zn,Hg)S
3.5.11Carlinite
Tl
 
2
S
3.5.13Sabatierite
Cu
 
6
TlSe
 
4
3.5.14Picotpaulite
TlFe
 
2
S
 
3
3.5.15Raguinite
TlFeS
 
2
3.5.16Thalcusite
Tl
 
2
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
4
3.5.17Bukovite
Tl
 
2
(Cu,Fe)
 
4
Se
 
4
3.5.18Gallite
CuGaS
 
2
3.5.19Roquesite
CuInS
 
2
3.5.20Indite
FeIn
 
2
S
 
4

Other Names for Crookesite

Other Languages:
German:Crookesit
Russian:Крукесит
Spanish:Crookesita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Crookesite

Reference List:Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 183.

American Mineralogist (1988): 73: 933.

American Mineralogist (1989): 74: 1404.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 181: 241-249.

Internet Links for Crookesite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Crookesite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Crookesite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Crookesite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • La Rioja
      • Sierra de Umango
        • Sierra de Cacho
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Huaibei Prefecture
        • Suixi Co.
          • Sanpu ore field
    		Yanjing Chen, Huayong Chen, Khin Zaw, Pirajno, F., and Zengjie Zhang (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31, 139-169.
    Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Nové Město na Moravě
    		Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38. ; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
        • Rožná deposit
    		Vavřín, I.: Nové poznatky o selenidech Českého masívu. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 82-89. ; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Kvaček, M.: Selenides from the deposits of Western Moravia, Czechoslovakia – Part II. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1979, vol. 23, nos. 1-2, s. 15-38.
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Sachsa
          • Zorge
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Lerbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    Sweden
     
    • Östergötland
      • Valdemarsvik
    		Am Min 35 (1950), 337; Sandström, F. (2007): Skrikerum. Litiofilen 24 (1), 22-38; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Switzerland
     
    • Aargau
      • Laufenburg
        • Kaisten
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 126.
      • Rheinfelden
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 126.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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