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| Formula: |
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| System: | Monoclinic | Colour: | White, pale yellow | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Name: | For Arthur Earland (1866-1958), British oceanographer. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemically identical to calcium citrate tetrahydrate - a citric acid salt. Occurs in unconsolidated ocean floor sediment at 2,580 meters in depth. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Classification of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| IMA status: | Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered" | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Strunz 8th edition ID: | 9/A.02-30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID: | 10.AC.10 10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS A : Salts of organic acids C : Benzine Salts | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Dana 8th edition ID: | 50.2.2.1 50 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 2 : Mellitates, Citrates, Cyanates, Acetates and Formates | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Hey's CIM Ref.: | 31.2.1 31 : Oxalates, Citrates, Mellitates and Acetates 2 : Citrates | |||||||||||||||||||||
| mindat.org URL: | http://www.mindat.org/min-1344.html Please feel free to link to this page. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Type Occurrence of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type Locality: | 71°22'S; 16°34'W, Weddell Sea, Western Antarctica, Antarctica | |||||||||||||||||||||
| General Appearance of Type Material: | Warty,fine-grained nodules. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of Conservation of Type Material: | The Natural History Museum, London, England: #1936,978, 1936,979. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: #134573.U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #105859, 162618. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Year of Discovery: | 1936 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Geological Setting of type material: | Unconsolidated ocean sediments. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Associated Minerals at type locality: |
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Physical Properties of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diaphaneity (Transparency): | Translucent | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Colour: | White, pale yellow | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comment: | Hardness not determined. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (measured): | 1.80 - 1.95 g/cm3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (calculated): | 1.96 g/cm3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Crystallography of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal System: | Monoclinic | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cell Parameters: | a = 30.94Å, b = 5.93Å, c = 10.56Å β = 93.74° | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio: | a:b:c = 5.218 : 1 : 1.781 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit Cell Volume: | V 1,933.36 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Z: | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Morphology: | Veruginous, fine-grained nodules. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comment: | Crystal System determination based on observations on synthetic material. Class and Space Group not determined. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Optical Data of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type: | Biaxial (+) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| RI values: | nα = 1.515 nβ = 1.530 nγ = 1.580 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2V: | Measured: 60° , Calculated: 50° | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum Birefringence: | δ = 0.065 Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Surface Relief: | Low | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Dispersion: | r > v | |||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical Properties of Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Formula: |
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| Essential elements: | C, Ca, H, O | |||||||||||||||||||||
| All elements listed in formula: | C, Ca, H, O | |||||||||||||||||||||
Relationship of Earlandite to other Species | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping): - + | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Names for Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Other Information | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health Warning: | No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care. | |||||||||||||||||||||
References for Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reference List: | Bannister (1936) Discovery Reports: 13: 67. American Mineralogist (1937): 22: 71. Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1105–1106. Pogainis, E.M. and E.H. Shaw (1957) The unit cell dimensions of tricalcium citrate tetrahydrate. Proc. South Dakota Academy of Science, 36, 56–59. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Articles/Blogs about Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Internet Links for Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Localities for Earlandite | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the
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