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Epistolite

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Poudrette quarry (Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Desourdy quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire), Mont Saint-Hilaire, Rouville RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
© 11/12 DM

Show Epistolite Photos (23)



Formula:
Na
 
2
(Nb,Ti)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:White, yellowish grey, ...
Hardness:2½ - 3
Member of:Murmanite Group


Murmanite Group.

Classification of Epistolite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.0-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BE.30

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:56.2.7.1

56 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O
2 : Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.8.1

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
8 : Silicates with niobate or tantalate
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Type Occurrence of Epistolite

Type Locality:Tugtup Agtakorfia (Tuttup Attakoorfia), Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord), Ilimaussaq complex, Narsaq, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
Year of Discovery:1900

Physical Properties of Epistolite

Lustre:Silky, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent, Opaque
Colour:White, yellowish grey, pinkish beige, tan, silver on {001}
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3

Crystallography of Epistolite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.41Å, b = 7.08Å, c = 12.07Å
α = 103.03°, β = 96.03°, γ = 88.36°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.764 : 1 : 1.705
Unit Cell Volume:V 447.91 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Epistolite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.610 nβ = 1.650 nγ = 1.682
2V:Measured: 60° , Calculated: 80°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.072

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:relatively strong

Chemical Properties of Epistolite

Formula:
Na
 
2
(Nb,Ti)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Na, Nb, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:H, Na, Nb, O, Si, Ti
Common Impurities:Al,Ta,Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca,K,F,P

Relationship of Epistolite to other Species

Member of:Murmanite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Murmanite
Na
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Vuonnemite
Na
 
11
Ti
4+
 
Nb
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(F,OH)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BE.02Wadsleyite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
9.BE.05Hennomartinite
SrMn
3+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Lawsonite
CaAl
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Noelbensonite
BaMn
3+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Itoigawaite
SrAl
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BE.07Ilvaite
CaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
9.BE.07Manganilvaite
Ca(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
9.BE.10Suolunite
Ca
 
2
(H
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
7
) · H
 
2
O
9.BE.12Jaffeite
Ca
 
6
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
6
9.BE.15Fresnoite
Ba
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
9.BE.17Baghdadite
Ca
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
9.BE.17Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)F
 
2
9.BE.17Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Janhaugite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Låvenite
(Na,Ca)
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Niocalite
(Ca,Nb)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Normandite
NaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb,Zr)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)OF
9.BE.17Wöhlerite
NaCa
 
2
(Zr,Nb)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite I
Na
 
4
Ca
 
8
Zr
 
2
(Nb,Mn,Ti,Fe,Mg,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
3
F
 
5
9.BE.17Marianoite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(Nb,Zr)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(O,F)
 
4
9.BE.20Mosandrite
(◻,Ca,Na)
 
3
(Ca,REE)
 
4
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
[H
 
2
O,OH,F]
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
9.BE.20Nacareniobsite-(Ce)
Na
 
3
Ca
 
3
(Ce,La,Nd)Nb(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
OF
 
3
9.BE.22Götzenite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
5
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
F
 
4
9.BE.22Hainite
Na
 
4
Ca
 
8
(Ti,Zr,Mn)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
F
 
4
9.BE.22Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)OF
9.BE.22Kochite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Ca)ZrTi(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(F,O)
 
4
9.BE.23Dovyrenite
Ca
 
6
Zr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
9.BE.25Barytolamprophyllite
(Ba,Na)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O(OH,F)
9.BE.25Ericssonite
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
9.BE.25Lamprophyllite
(Sr,K,Ba)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O(O,OH,F)
9.BE.25Ericssonite-2O
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH)
9.BE.25Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Mn
2+
2
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
4
F
 
4
9.BE.25Nabalamprophyllite
Na
 
3
(Ba,Na)
 
2
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.25Grenmarite
(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Mn,Na)(Zr,Mn)
 
2
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(O,F)
 
4
9.BE.25Schüllerite
Ba
 
2
Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe
3+
 
,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(O,F)
 
4
9.BE.25Lileyite
Ba
 
2
(Na,Fe,Ca)
 
3
MgTi
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
F
 
2
9.BE.27Murmanite
Na
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.BE.32Lomonosovite
Na
 
5
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(PO
 
4
)O
 
2
9.BE.35Vuonnemite
Na
 
11
Ti
4+
 
Nb
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(F,OH)
9.BE.37Sobolevite
Na
 
13
Ca
 
2
Mn
 
2
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
3
F
 
3
9.BE.40Innelite
Na
 
2
CaBa
 
4
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
4
9.BE.40Phosphoinnelite
Na
 
3
Ba
 
4
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
F
9.BE.42Yoshimuraite
Ba
 
2
Mn
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(PO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BE.45Quadruphite
Na
 
14
Ca
 
2
Ti
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
F
9.BE.47Polyphite
Na
 
5
(Na
 
4
Ca
 
2
)Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
F
 
2
9.BE.50Bornemanite
Na
 
6
BaTi
 
2
Nb(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)F
9.BE.50Shkatulkaite
Na
 
10
Mn
2+
 
Ti
 
3
Nb
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
6
(OH)
 
2
F · 12H
 
2
O
9.BE.55Bafertisite
Ba(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(O,OH)
 
2
9.BE.55Hejtmanite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH,F)
9.BE.55Bykovaite
(Ba,Na,K)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(H
 
2
O,F,OH)
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
9.BE.55Nechelyustovite
(Ba,Sr,K)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(O,H
 
2
O,F)
 
2
 · 4.5H
 
2
O
9.BE.60Delindeite
(Na,K)
 
2
(Ba,Ca)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.BE.65Bussenite
Na
 
2
Ba
 
2
Fe
2+
 
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
3
F
9.BE.67Jinshajiangite
BaNaFe
2+
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
9.BE.67Perraultite
BaNaMn
2+
4
Ti
 
2
 (Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
9.BE.67Surkhobite
NaCaBa
 
2
Mn
 
8
Ti
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
5
F
 
5
9.BE.70Karnasurtite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Th)(Ti,Nb)(Al,Fe)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
9.BE.70Perrierite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca,Th)
 
4
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Fe
3+
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Strontiochevkinite
(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Chevkinite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Ca,Th)
 
4
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Fe
2+
 
,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Polyakovite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca)
 
4
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Cr
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Rengeite
Sr
 
4
ZrTi
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Matsubaraite
Sr
 
4
Ti
 
5
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Dingdaohengite-(Ce)
(Ce,La)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Ti,Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Maoniupingite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca)
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti,Fe
2+
 
,◻)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Nb)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Perrierite-(La)
(La,Ce,Ca)
 
4
(Fe,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)Fe
3+
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70UKI-2008-(SiO:SrTiZr)
Sr
 
4
ZrTi
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.70Hezuolinite
(Sr,REE)
 
4
Zr(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
9.BE.72Fersmanite
Ca
 
4
(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
F
 
3
9.BE.75Belkovite
Ba
 
3
(Nb,Ti)
 
6
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
12
9.BE.77Nasonite
Pb
 
6
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
3
Cl
 
2
9.BE.80Kentrolite
Pb
 
2
Mn
3+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
9.BE.80Melanotekite
Pb
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
9.BE.82Tilleyite
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(CO
 
3
)
 
2
9.BE.85Killalaite
Ca
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
) · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.BE.87Stavelotite-(La)
(La,Nd,Ca)
 
3
Mn
2+
3
Cu(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
4+
 
)
 
26
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
6
O
 
5
9.BE.90Biraite-(Ce)
Ce
 
2
Fe
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(CO
 
3
)
9.BE.92Cervandonite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,La)(Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ti,Al)
 
3
O
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(As
3+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
9.BE.95Batisivite
BaV
3+
8
Ti
 
6
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
22
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.8.2Murmanite
Na
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
17.8.3Perraultite
BaNaMn
2+
4
Ti
 
2
 (Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
17.8.4Niocalite
(Ca,Nb)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.8.5Mongolite
Ca
 
4
Nb
 
6
Si
 
5
O
 
24
(OH)
 
10
 · nH
 
2
O
17.8.6Fersmanite
Ca
 
4
(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
F
 
3
17.8.7Nacareniobsite-(Ce)
Na
 
3
Ca
 
3
(Ce,La,Nd)Nb(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
OF
 
3
17.8.8Nenadkevichite
(Na,◻)
 
8
Nb
 
4
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
4
 · 8H
 
2
O
17.8.9Natrokomarovite
(Na,Ca,H)
 
2
Nb
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
(OH,F)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
17.8.10Wöhlerite
NaCa
 
2
(Zr,Nb)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.8.11Belkovite
Ba
 
3
(Nb,Ti)
 
6
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
12
17.8.12Baotite
Ba
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
8
Si
 
4
O
 
28
Cl
17.8.13Shcherbakovite
(K,Ba)KNa(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)O
 
2
17.8.14Ilímaussite-(Ce)
(Na,K)
 
7-8
(Ba,K)
 
10
Ce
 
5
(Nb,Ti)
 
6
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
4
(Si
 
9
O
 
18
)O
 
6
(O,OH)
 
24
17.8.15Komarovite
(Ca,Mn)Nb
 
2
[O
 
3
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · 3.5H
 
2
O
17.8.16Manganbelyankinite
(Mn,Ca)(Ti,Nb)
 
5
O
 
12
 · 9H
 
2
O
17.8.17Niobophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
6
(Nb,Ti)
 
2
Si
 
8
(O,OH,F)
 
31
17.8.18Caesium-Kupletskite

Other Names for Epistolite

Other Languages:
German:Epistolit
Russian:Эпистолит
Spanish:Epistolita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Epistolite

Reference List:

- +
Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen (1986): 155: 289.

Sokolova, E. & Hawthorne F. C. (2004): The crystal chemistry of epistolite. Canadian Mineralogist, 42, 797-806.

Németh, P., Ferraris, G., Radnóczi, G., Ageeva, O. A. (2005): TEM and X-ray study of syntactic intergrowths of epistolite, murmanite and shkatulkalite. Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 973-987.

Internet Links for Epistolite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Epistolite on Google
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    • External Links:
  • Look for Epistolite on Webmineral
  • Look for Epistolite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Epistolite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Epistolite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Epistolite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Lajemmerais RCM
          • Varennes & St-Amable
            • Saint-Amable sill
    		Horváth, L., Pfenninger-Horváth, E., Gault, R. A., & Tarassoff, P. (1998): Mineralogy of the Saint-Amable Sill, Varennes and Saint-Amable, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 29: 83-118.
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359.
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
        • Ilimaussaq complex
          • Kangerdluarssuq (Kangerdluarssuk; Kangerdluarsuk) Firth
            • Head of Kangerdluarssuq
              • Lilleelv
                • Mellemelv
    		Pekov, I.V. et. al. (2004): Potassic-Arfvedsonite a K-dominant Amphibole of the Arfvedsonite-series from agpaitic pegmatites, Neues Jahrbuch Mineralogie, Monatshefte, Vol. 12, 555-574
    Petersen, O., Giester, G., Brandstätter, F., Niedermayr, G. (2002): Nabesite, a new mineral species from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 40, 173-181
            • Kvanefjeld Uranium deposit
              • Kvanefjeld adit
    		Peterson, O., Johnson, O. Leonardsen, E., Roensbo, J. (1984): Kvanefjeldite a new mineral species from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, South West Greenland, Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 22, 465-467
          • Tasseq area
    		in the collection of Christof Schäfer
          • Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord)
    		Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Meddelelser om Grønland, Vol. 149/3, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    [Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurrence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn] [Horvath L., Petersen, O. V. & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals First described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist Special Publication 8]
    • Kitaa Province (West Greenland)
      • Narsaq
        • Ilimaussaq complex
          • Tasseq area
            • Nakalak Mt (Nakalaq; Nakkaalaaq)
    		Semenov, E.I., Kazakova, M.E., Bukin, V.J. (1968): Ilimaussite, a new rare earth – niobium – barium silicate, from Ilimaussaq, South Greenland, Medd. Groenland, Vol. 181 (7), 3-7
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Lovozero Massif
    		Maggie Wilson
    Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 130, issue 2, 53-58
            • Karnasurt Mt
              • Second Eastern Stream
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Ermolaeva, V.N., Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Zadov, A.E. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(8), 758-775.
            • Sengischorr Mt
              • Motchisuai River Valley
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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