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Eriochalcite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About EriochalciteHide

Formula:
CuCl2 · 2H2O
Colour:
Bluish green, greenish blue, yellowish tint at times.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
Specific Gravity:
2.47
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
From the Greek έριου, wool, and χαλκός, copper, in allusion to the form of aggregation of the original Vesuvius material.
A secondary, water-soluble mineral.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1398
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1398:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
b18c4cd4-25cb-4ce7-8ae0-fe266f27c16b

IMA Classification of EriochalciteHide

Classification of EriochalciteHide

3.BB.05

3 : HALIDES
B : Simple halides, with H2O
B : M:X = 1:2
9.2.8.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
2 : AX2
8.2.3

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
2 : Halides of Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
EchIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of EriochalciteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of EriochalciteHide

Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Bluish green, greenish blue, yellowish tint at times.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {110} perfect; on {001} good.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.47 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.55 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of EriochalciteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.646 nβ = 1.685 nγ = 1.745
2V:
Measured: 75° , Calculated: 82°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.099
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
weak

Chemistry of EriochalciteHide

Mindat Formula:
CuCl2 · 2H2O

Crystallography of EriochalciteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pmna
Setting:
Pmna
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.047 Å, b = 3.725 Å, c = 7.376 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.16 : 1 : 1.98
Unit Cell V:
221.10 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Lichen-like aggregates of crystals elongated [01]. The center of these aggregates is occupied by small, deeply grooved spire-like cvrystals, often bent or entirely recurved as with gypsum "flowers"; wool-like aggregates.
Twinning:
On {021}, as nearly rectangular penetration twins.
Comment:
Also given as (Pbmn setting): a = 7.38, b = 8.04, c = 3.72 A.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0017922EriochalciteHarker D (1936) The Crystal Structure of Cupric Chloride Dihydrate Cu Cl2 (H2 O)2 _cod_database_code 1011014 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 93 136-14519360293
0010555EriochalciteMacGillavry C H, Bijvoet J M (1936) Die kristallstruktur der cadmium-und quecksilber-diammin-dihalogenide Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 94 231-2451936synthetic0293
0010986EriochalciteBrownstein S, Han N F, Gabe E, LePage Y (1989) A redetermination of the crystal structure of cupric chloride dihydrate Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 189 13-151989synthetic0293
0016637EriochalcitePeterson S, Levy H (1957) Proton positions in Cu Cl2 (H2 O)2 by neutron diffraction _cod_database_code 1008760 Journal of Chemical Physics 26 220-22119570293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.476 Å(100)
4.050 Å(56)
3.093 Å(40)
2.638 Å(82)
2.2088 Å(29)
2.0240 Å(22)
1.6048 Å(23)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Type Occurrence of EriochalciteHide

Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 97927.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Active volcanic fumaroles.
Reference:
Scacchi, A. (1870) Dell'eriocalco e del melanotallo, nuove specie di minerali. Rendiconto dell'Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche (sezione della Societa reale di Napoli): 9: 86-89.

Synonyms of EriochalciteHide

Other Language Names for EriochalciteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Eriochalcite associated with AmarantiteFe3+2(SO4)2O · 7H2O
4 photos of Eriochalcite associated with ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
3 photos of Eriochalcite associated with RiotintoiteAl(SO4)(OH) · 3H2O
2 photos of Eriochalcite associated with KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2
2 photos of Eriochalcite associated with ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
2 photos of Eriochalcite associated with BandyliteCu[B(OH)4]Cl
2 photos of Eriochalcite associated with VendidaiteAl2(SO4)(OH)3Cl · 6H2O
1 photo of Eriochalcite associated with BelloiteCu(OH)Cl

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

3.BB.10RokühniteFeCl2 · 2H2OMon.
3.BB.15BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
3.BB.20NickelbischofiteNiCl2 · 6H2OMon. 2/m
3.BB.25SinjariteCaCl2 · 2H2OTet.
3.BB.30AntarcticiteCaCl2 · 6H2OTrig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
3.BB.35AravaipaitePb3AlF9 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
3.BB.35TachyhydriteCaMg2Cl6 · 12H2OTrig. 3 : R3
3.BB.40GhiaraiteCaCl2 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Readily soluble in water to a pale blue solution and in NH4OH to an intense blue solution.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for EriochalciteHide

References for EriochalciteHide

Reference List:

Localities for EriochalciteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
Gablina et al. (2018)
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Pernatty Lagoon
      • Mount Gunson Copper mines
Noble R.J. +1 other reference
    • Yorke Peninsula
      • Moonta
Austria
 
  • Styria
    • Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District
      • Breitenau am Hochlantsch
        • Hochlantsch
Bojar (1993)
Chile
 
Clark (1993)
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Sierra Gorda
Malcherek et al. (2010)
    • El Loa Province
      • Calama
        • Chuquicamata District
          • Toki Cu deposit (Toki Cluster)
45 +1 other reference
Hungary
 
  • Heves County
    • Pétervására District
      • Recsk
Sánoor Szakáll et al. (1997)
Iran
 
  • Kerman Province
    • Sirjan County
      • Pariz
Khorasanipour et al. (2011) +1 other reference
Italy (TL)
 
  • Campania
    • Naples
      • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
Palache et al. (1951)
Pelloux (1927) +2 other references
Peru
 
  • Tacna
    • Jorge Basadre Province
Diaby et al. (2006)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Polkowice County
      • Gmina Polkowice
        • Komorniki
Łukasz Kruszewski PXRD & EPMA data (2019)
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Wodzisław County
      • Radlin
Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data
Russia
 
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
Diederik Visser List #39
Pekov (1998)
          • Northern Breakthrough (North Breach)
            • Second scoria cone
Pekov et al. (2015)
        • Plosky Tolbachik Volcano
Sharygin et al. (2018)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Pinal County
      • Casa Grande
Grant et al. (2005)
  • Nevada
    • Mineral County
Castor et al. (2004)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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