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Ettringite

Big Photo

Caspar quarry, Ettringer Bellerberg Mt. (Bellberg Mt.; Bellenberg Mt.; Billenberg Mt.; Boilenberg Mt.), Bellerberg volcano, Ettringen, Mayen, Eifel Mts, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Ettringite Photos (152)
Formula:
Ca
 
6
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 26H
 
2
O
System:TrigonalColour:Colourless; colourless ...
Hardness:2 - 2½
Name:After the type locality at Ettringen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.


Ettringite Group.

Although it is generally assumed that a solid solution series between ettringite and thaumasite exists, both species have different space groups and a possible discontinuity was identified, characterised by a gap in the a-dimension of the solid solution phases (Barnett et al., 2000).

Well-known as a synthetic phase in concrete.
Has been discussed as a potential phase for immobilisation of toxic metals.

Classification of Ettringite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.13-10
Strunz 9th edition ID:7.DG.15
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DG.15

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations; with NO3, CO3, B(OH)4, SiO4 or IO3
Dana 8th edition ID:31.10.2.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.4.13

25 : Sulphates
4 : Sulphates of Ca, Sr and Ba
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Type Occurrence of Ettringite

Co-type Localities:Mayener Feld, Southern lava flow, Bellerberg volcano, Ettringen, Mayen, Eifel Mts, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Ettringer Feld, Western lava flow, Bellerberg volcano, Ettringen, Mayen, Eifel Mts, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Year of Discovery:1874
Geological Setting of type material:In cavities of metamorphosed limestone inclusions in a leucite-nepheline-tephrite rock.

Physical Properties of Ettringite

Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless; colourless in transmitted light.
Comment:Turns white upon partial dehydration.
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½
Cleavage:Perfect
On {10_10}, perfect.
Density (measured):1.77 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.76 g/cm3

Crystallography of Ettringite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal
Space Group:P3 1c
Cell Parameters:a = 11.23Å, c = 21.44Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.909
Unit Cell Volume:V 2,341.61 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Crystals small and prismatic [0001], commonly without terminal faces.

Optical Data of Ettringite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.491 nε = 1.470
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.021

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Comments:Becomes uniaxial positive on dehydration.

Chemical Properties of Ettringite

Formula:
Ca
 
6
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 26H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Ca, H, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, H, O, S

Relationship of Ettringite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DG.05Darapskite
Na
 
3
NO
 
3
SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.DG.10Clinoungemachite
(Na, K, Fe, SO
 
4
)
7.DG.10Humberstonite
Na
 
7
K
 
3
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(NO
 
3
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
7.DG.10Ungemachite
K
 
3
Na
 
8
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(NO
 
3
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Bentorite
Ca
 
6
(Cr
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 26H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Charlesite
Ca
 
6
(Al,Si)
 
2
[(OH,O)
 
12
|B(OH)
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 26H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Jouravskite
Ca
 
6
Mn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
4
|(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)]
 
3
 · 26H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Sturmanite
Ca
 
6
(Fe
3+
 
,Al,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
12
|B(OH)
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 25H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Thaumasite
Ca
 
3
[CO
 
3
|SO
 
4
|Si(OH)
 
6
] · 12H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Carraraite
Ca
 
3
Ge(OH)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(CO
 
3
)·12H
 
2
O
7.DG.15Buryatite
Ca
 
3
(Si,Fe,Al)[SO
 
4
][B(OH)
 
4
](OH)
 
5
O•
 
12
H
 
2
O
7.DG.20Rapidcreekite
Ca
 
2
[CO
 
3
|SO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
7.DG.20Korkinoite
Ca, SO
 
4
, H
 
2
O reported
7.DG.25Tatarskite
Ca
 
6
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
Cl
 
4
(OH)
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.DG.30Nakauriite
Cu
 
8
[(OH)
 
6
|CO
 
3
|(SO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 48H
 
2
O
7.DG.35Chessexite
(Na,K)
 
4
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Zn)
 
3
Al
 
8
[(SO
 
4
)
 
10
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 40H
 
2
O
7.DG.40Carlosruizite
K
 
6
(Na,K)
 
4
Na
 
6
Mg
 
10
(SeO
 
4
)
 
12
(IO
 
3
)
 
12
·12H
 
2
O
7.DG.40Fuenzalidaite
K
 
6
(Na,K)
 
4
Na
 
6
Mg
 
10
(SO
 
4
)
 
12
(IO
 
3
)
 
12
·12H
 
2
O
7.DG.45Chelyabinskite
(Ca,Mg)
 
3
[(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
|Si(OH)
 
6
] · 9H
 
2
O (?)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.4.1Anhydrite
CaSO
 
4
25.4.2Bassanite
Ca[SO
 
4
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
25.4.3Gypsum
Ca[SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.4.4Glauberite
Na
 
2
Ca(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.4.5Cesanite
Na
 
3
Ca
 
2
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
25.4.6Eugsterite
Na
 
4
Ca(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
25.4.7Hydroglauberite
Na
 
10
Ca
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
8
·6H
 
2
O
25.4.8Syngenite
K
 
2
Ca(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
25.4.9Görgeyite
K
 
2
Ca
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
·H
 
2
O
25.4.10Polyhalite
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
25.4.11Koktaite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Ca(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
25.4.12Ye'elimite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
6
[O
 
12
|SO
 
4
]
25.4.14Bentorite
Ca
 
6
(Cr
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 26H
 
2
O
25.4.15Celestine
SrSO
 
4
25.4.16Kalistrontite
K
 
2
Sr(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.4.17Baryte
BaSO
 
4

Other Names for Ettringite

Synonyms:
Woodfordite
Other Languages:
German:Chalkomorphit
Ettringit
Russian:Эттрингит
Spanish:Ettringita

Other Information

Other Information:Readily soluble in dilute acids. Partially decomposed by water, rendering an alkaline solution.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ettringite

Reference List:Vom Rath, G. (1873): Über ein neues Mineral (Chalkomorphit) auf einem Einschluß in der Lava von Niedermendig, Annalen der Chemie und Physik, Ergänzungsband VI, 376-378

Lehmann, J. (1874): Untersuchungen über die Einwirkung eines feurig-flüssigen basaltischen Magmas auf Gesteins- und Mineraleinschlüsse, Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preußischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Vol. 31, Cohen Bonn, p 1-40

Lehmann, J. (1874): "Über den Ettringit, ein neues Mineral in Kalkeinschlüssen der Lava von Ettringen (Laacher Gebiet)", N. Jb. Mineral. Geol. Paläont., 273-275.

Moses (1893) American Journal of Science: 45: 489.

Brauns, R.A. (1922) Die Mineralien der niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete. 225pp., 4to, Stuttgart: 173.

Bannister, M.A. (1935): Ettringite from Scawt Hill, Co. Antrim, Mineralogical Magazin, Vol. 24, 324-329.


Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 589-590.

McConnell, Duncan & Joseph Murdoch (1962): Crystal chemistry of ettringite. Mineralogical Magazine: 33: 59-64.

Carpenter, A.B. (1963): Oriented overgrowths of thaumasite on ettringite. Am. Mineral. 48, 1394–1396.

McCarthy, Gregory J.; Hassett, David J.; Bender, Jason A. (1992): Synthesis, crystal chemistry and stability of ettringite, a material with potential applications in hazardous waste immobilization. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 245, 129-140.

Barnett, S.J., Adam, C.D. & Jackson, A.R.W. (2000): Solid solutions between ettringite and thaumasite. Journal of Materials Science 35, 4109-4114.

Barnett, S.J., Adam, C.D. & Jackson, A.R.W. (2001): An XRPD profile fitting investigation of the solid solution between ettringite, Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12.26H2O and carbonate ettringite, Ca6Al2(CO3)3(OH)12.26H2O. Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 13-17.

Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F. and Neubauer, J. (2006): Refined ettringite (Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12•26H2O) structure for quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis. Powder Diffr. 21, 4-11.

Internet Links for Ettringite

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    Localities for Ettringite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Bad Radkersburg
        • Klöch
    		Postl, W. & Walter, F. (1983); R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs, 1993
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
          • Brixlegg - Schwaz area
            • Brixlegg - Rattenberg
              • St Gertraudi
    		Lapis 19 (7/8):69 (1994)
    Belgium
     
    • Limburg Province
      • Dilsen-Stokkem
    • Namur Province
      • Andenne
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Puy-de-Dôme
        • Clermont-Ferrand
          • Ceyrat
    		H. Grünhagen and J. Mergoil, Bull. Soc. Franç. Minér. Crist. , 1963, LXXXVI, pp. 149-157.; Grunhagen, H. et al. (1963): Découverte d\'hydrocalumite et afwillite associées à l\'ettringite dans les porcélanites de Boisséjour près Ceyrat (Puy de Dôme). Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 86, 149-157.
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
        • Espalion
    		Boutry C., Pelisson P., Pillard F. (1986), Les zéolites d'Espalion, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°2, pp: 3-7
    Eytier J.R. & Ch., Favreau G., Devouard B., Vigier J. (2004), Minéraux de pyrométamorphisme de Lapanouse-de Sévérac (Aveyron), Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°85, pp: 3-58
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Maroldsweisach
    		Pöllmann, H. (1991): Die Afwillit-Portlandit Paragenese im Basalt des Zeilbergs bei Maroldsweisach/Unterfranken. Aufschluss, 42, 257-266
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Richelsdorf District
          • Süss
            • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Aachen
        • Eschweiler
        • Stolberg
    International Association of Collectors of Slag
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Daun
          • Hinterweiler
    		Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors
          • Üdersdorf
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
              • Ettringer Bellerberg Mt. (Bellberg Mt.; Bellenberg Mt.; Billenberg Mt.; Boilenberg Mt.)
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise (München), 1983
              • Northern Lava flow
    		Lehmann, J. (1874): Untersuchungen über die Einwirkung eines feurig-flüssigen basaltischen Magmas auf Gesteins- und Mineraleinschlüsse, Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preußischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Vol. 31, Cohen Bonn, p 1-40
              • Southern lava flow
    		Lehmann, J. (1874): Untersuchungen über die Einwirkung eines feurig-flüssigen basaltischen Magmas auf Gesteins- und Mineraleinschlüsse, Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preußischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Vol. 31, Cohen Bonn, p 1-40
    Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise (München), 1983
    Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Simmons, W.B., Tillmanns, E., Fischer, R.X., (1984): Willhendersonite, a new zeolite isostructural with chabazite, Amer. Mineral. 69, 186-189
              • Western lava flow
    		Lehmann, J. (1874): Untersuchungen über die Einwirkung eines feurig-flüssigen basaltischen Magmas auf Gesteins- und Mineraleinschlüsse, Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preußischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Vol. 31, Cohen Bonn, p 1-40
        • Mendig
          • Bell
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
          • Niedermendig
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Niederzissen
          • Brenk
    		Hentschel, G., Ettringit vom Schellkopf bei Brenk in der Eifel, Der Aufschluss, 19, 198-200, 1968
      • Lahn valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
          • Frücht
    		Der Aufschluss Vol.55, March/April 2004
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District slag localities
          • Passa Limani area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet, and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals of the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
          • Sounion area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet and Rewitzer, Christian, (1996) Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
          • Thorikos area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
          • Vrissaki area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet, and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    Israel
     
    • Negev desert
    		Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp.; Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 723-724.
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
          • Monte Somma
            • Ercolano
              • San Vito
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
    		Caponera, I., Fiori, S., Pucci, R., & Signoretti, E. (2007). I minerali dei Colli Albani. Un aggiornamento sugli ultimi dieci anni di ricerche. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 31 (2), 74-91.
        • Rome
          • Valleranello
      • Viterbo Province
        • Montalto di Castro
          • Pietra Massa Locality
    		Passaglia, E. & Turconi, B. (1982): Silicati ed altri minerali di Montalto di Castro - VT. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1982, 97-110.
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Campiglia Marittima
    		http://www.comune.pisa.it/apsn/Articoli/Scorie/Capattoli.htm
        • Piombino
    		Franzini & Perchiazzi, 1992. I minerali delle scorie ferrifere di Baratti (Livorno). Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., Serie A: 43-77
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
    		Lapis, 15 (12), 27-32+50.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
    		Matsuyama, F. (2001)
    Jordan
     
    • Amman
      • Hashem region
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    http://www.natural-analogues.com/maqarin.htm
    Palestine
     
    • West Bank
      • Hatrurim formation
    		Rob Lavinsky; Rob Lavinsky
    Romania
     
    • Brașov Co.
    		Szakáll, S., Almási, E., Köllı, A., Sajó, I., Vezzalini, G. (2006): New data about the minerals of the copper ore deposit at Balan (East Carpathians) and of limestone xenolithes from basalt at Racosu de Jos (Persani Mts.), Romania. Acta Mineral.-Petrogr., Abstr. Ser. 5, p. 112. [http://www.mineral.hermuz.hu/acta_05/pdf/szakalls1.pdf]
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Northern Caucasus Region
      • Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
        • Verkhnechegemskaya (Upper Chegem) volcanic structure
    		A. E. Zadov data
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari (Afrique du Sud) manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302.]
    [Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
        • Kuruman
          • N'Chwaning Mines
    		No reference listed
    Minerals of South Africa + Hochleitner, R. (1986). Sturmanit und Ettringit aus den Kalahari-Manganfeldern. LAPIS 11 (10), 19-24
    Tuvalu
     
    • Funafuti Island
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1988 52 : 411-414.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Troon-Lanner area
            • Lanner
      • Derbyshire
        • Ashover
          • Milltown
    		Rust, S. Seltene Mineralien aus dem Steinbruch Milltown bei Ashover LAPIS Mineralienmagazin 1994, 12, p.13-17, 58; Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of Derbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55
    • Northern Ireland
      • Co. Antrim
        • Larne
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 590.; Mineralogical Magazine 1942 26 : 190-196
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Argyllshire)
        • Ardnamurchan
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1965 34 : 1-15.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Tombstone Hills
          • Tombstone District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 590; Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 217; Butler, B.S., et al (1938b), Geology and ore deposits of the Tombstone district, AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 143.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1962 33 : 59-64.
    • Vermont
      • Windham Co.
        • Putney
    		Rocks & Min. vol. 71, (1996)
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Highland Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 7th Nov 2009 11:47:05