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Fairfieldite

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Formula:
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:White, greenish white, ...
Hardness:
Member of:Fairfieldite Group
Name:
Named in 1878 by George J. Brush and Edward S. Dana after Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA, the type locality.

Classification of Fairfieldite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/C.17-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CG.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:40.2.2.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.12.38

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
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Type Occurrence of Fairfieldite

Type Locality:Fillow Quarry (Branchville Quarry; Branchville Mica Mine; Smith Mine), Branchville, Town of Ridgefield, Fairfield Co., Connecticut, USA
Year of Discovery:1879
Geological Setting of type material:Granite Pegmatite
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TriploiditeReddingiteLithiophiliteFillowiteEosphorite
Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)

Occurrences of Fairfieldite

Geological Setting:Late stage phosphate mineralization in granite pegmatite.

Physical Properties of Fairfieldite

Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Waxy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Lustre on the perfect {001} cleavage is brilliant
Colour:White, greenish white, light amber, salmon-yellow; colourless in transmitted light.
Comment:May be slightly stained yellow
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {001} perfect; on {010}, good; on {1_10}, distinct.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):3.08 - 3.11 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.095 g/cm3
Comment:Measured value on Branchville material.

Crystallography of Fairfieldite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Space Group Setting:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 5.78Å, b = 6.57Å, c = 5.48Å
α = 102.08°, β = 108.71°, γ = 90.09°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.88 : 1 : 0.834
Unit Cell Volume:V 192.21 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Crystals prismatic to equant; frequently composite. Commonly in foliated to lamellar crystalline aggregates, superficially resembling gypsum at times. Curved, foliated or fibrous at times; radiating masses.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
6.40 (90)
3.23 (100)
3.20 (70)
3.03 (80)
2.86 (70)
2.66 (70)
2.63 (70)

Optical Data of Fairfieldite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.633 - 1.640 nβ = 1.641 - 1.650 nγ = 1.652 - 1.660
2V:Measured: 86° , Calculated: 86° to 88°
Birefringence:0.019
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.019 - 0.020

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r>v relatively weak
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Fairfieldite

Formula:
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, Mn, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Fe, H, Mn, O, P

Relationship of Fairfieldite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Collinsite (see here)
Member of:Fairfieldite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Cassidyite
Ca
 
2
(Ni
2+
 
,Mg)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Collinsite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Gaitite
Ca
 
2
Zn(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Messelite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Nickeltalmessite
Ca
 
2
Ni(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Parabrandtite
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Talmessite
Ca
 
2
Mg(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
β-Roselite
Ca
 
2
(Co
2+
 
,Mg)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
Jahnsite GroupHureauliteEosphorite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.CG.05Cassidyite
Ca
 
2
(Ni
2+
 
,Mg)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Collinsite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Gaitite
Ca
 
2
Zn(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Messelite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Parabrandtite
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Talmessite
Ca
 
2
Mg(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.05Hillite
Ca
 
2
(Zn,Mg)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2 H
 
2
O
8.CG.10Brandtite
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.10Roselite
Ca
 
2
(Co
2+
 
,Mg)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.10Wendwilsonite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Co
2+
 
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.10Zincroselite
Ca
 
2
Zn(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.10Rruffite
Ca
 
2
Cu(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.15Ferrilotharmeyerite
Ca(Fe
3+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Lotharmeyerite
Ca(Zn,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Mawbyite
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Mounanaite
PbFe
3+
2
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,F)
8.CG.15Thometzekite
Pb(Cu,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Tsumcorite
Pb(Zn,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Cobaltlotharmeyerite
Ca(Co,Fe
3+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Cabalzarite
Ca(Mg,Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Krettnichite
(Pb,Sr)(Mn
3+
 
,Co)
 
2
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Cobalttsumcorite
Pb(Co,Fe
3+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Nickellotharmeyerite
Ca(Ni,Fe
3+
 
,Co)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.15Manganlotharmeyerite
Ca(Mn
3+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Schneebergite
(Bi
3+
 
,Ca)(Co,Ni,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.15Nickelschneebergite
(Bi
3+
 
,Ca)(Ni,Co,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(OH,H
 
2
O)
8.CG.20Gartrellite
Pb(Cu,Fe
3+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.20Helmutwinklerite
Pb(Zn,Cu)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.20Zincgartrellite
Pb(Zn,Fe
3+
 
,Cu)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.20Rappoldite
Pb(Co,Ni,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.20Phosphogartrellite
Pb(Cu,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.20Lukrahnite
Ca(Cu,Zn)(Fe
3+
 
,Zn)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CG.25Pottsite
HPbBi(VO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
8.CG.35Nickeltalmessite
Ca
 
2
Ni(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.12.1Metaswitzerite
Mn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 4H
 
2
O
19.12.2Bermanite
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 4H
 
2
O
19.12.3Natrophilite
NaMn
2+
 
PO
 
4
19.12.4Sidorenkite
Na
 
3
Mn
2+
 
(CO
 
3
)(PO
 
4
)
19.12.5Niahite
(NH
 
4
)(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(PO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
19.12.6Robertsite
Ca
 
3
Mn
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
· 3H
 
2
O
19.12.7Pararobertsite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
· 3H
 
2
O
19.12.8Sinkankasite
H
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.9Mangangordonite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.10Heterosite
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)PO
 
4
19.12.11Purpurite
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)PO
 
4
19.12.12Wolfeite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
19.12.13Triploidite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
19.12.14Lipscombite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.12.15Frondelite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
5
19.12.16Rockbridgeite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
5
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
3
19.12.18Landesite
Mn
2+
3-x
Fe
3+
x
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
x
· (3-x)H
 
2
O
19.12.19Phosphoferrite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 3H
 
2
O
19.12.20Reddingite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 3H
 
2
O
19.12.21Earlshannonite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 4H
 
2
O
19.12.22Hureaulite
(Mn,Fe)
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
· 4H
 
2
O
19.12.23Switzerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 7H
 
2
O
19.12.24Laueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.25Pseudolaueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.26Strunzite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 6H
 
2
O
19.12.27Stewartite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.28Alluaudite
(Na,Ca)Mn
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.29Ferroalluaudite
(Na,Ca)Fe
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.30Fillowite
{Mn
2+
 
}{Na
 
8
}{Ca
 
4
Na
 
4
}{(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
43
}(PO
 
4
)
 
36
19.12.31Johnsomervilleite
{Ca}{Na
 
6
[ ]
 
2
}{Ca
 
6
Na
 
2
}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
43
}(PO
 
4
)
 
36
19.12.32Wicksite
NaCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
4
MgFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
· 2H
 
2
O
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)
{KNa}{Mn
2+
 
◻}{Ca}{Na
 
3
}{Mn
2+
13
}{Al}(PO
 
4
)
 
12
(OH)
 
2
19.12.34Sarcopside
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.35Ludlamite
(Fe,Mn,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 4H
 
2
O
19.12.36Graftonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.37Wilhelmvierlingite
CaMnFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.39Beusite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.40Messelite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
· 2H
 
2
O
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.44Keckite
CaMn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
(H
 
2
O)
 
7
19.12.45Stanfieldite
Ca
 
7
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
9
(PO
 
4
)
 
12
19.12.46Laubmannite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
Fe
3+
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
12
19.12.47Zodacite
Ca
 
4
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
4
· 12H
 
2
O
19.12.48Hagendorfite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.49Maghagendorfite
(□,Na,)(Na,Ca,Fe
2+
 
)Mn(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.50Varulite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.51Griphite
Na
 
4
Li
 
2
Ca
 
6
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
19
Al
 
8
(PO
 
4
)
 
24
(F,OH)
 
8
19.12.52Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)
{KNa}{Fe
2+
 
◻}{Ca}{Na
 
2
◻}{Fe
2+
13
}{Al}(PO
 
4
)
 
11
(HPO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
19.12.54Lun'okite
(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
OH · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.55Eosphorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
· H
 
2
O
19.12.56Ernstite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
· H
 
2
O
19.12.57Childrenite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
· H
 
2
O
19.12.58Bobfergusonite
Na
 
2
Mn
 
5
FeAl(PO
 
4
)
 
6
19.12.59Qingheiite
NaMn
3+
 
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg)
{Ca}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg)
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.63Rittmannite
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)}{Mn
2+
 
}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
}{(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
· 8H
 
2
O
19.12.64Zanazziite
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
5
Be
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
4
· 6H
 
2
O
19.12.65Samuelsonite
(Ca,Ba)Ca
 
8
Fe
2+
2
Mn
2+
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
10
(OH)
 
2

Other Names for Fairfieldite

Synonyms:
Leucomanganite
Other Languages:
German:Fairfieldit
Russian:Файрфильдит
Spanish:Fairfieldita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Not Fluorescent in UV
Other Information:Soluble in acids.

Found as an alteration product of Dickinsonite and as pseudomorphs after Rhodochrosite.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Fairfieldite

Reference List:

- +
Brush and Dana (1879) American Journal of Science: 17: 359.

Sandberger (1879) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: 370.

Sandberger (1885) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: I: 185.

Brush and Dana (1890) American Journal of Science: 39: 212.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 74.

Landes (1925) American Mineralogist: 10: 386.

Berman and Gonyer (1930) American Mineralogist: 15: 375.

Wolfe (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 748.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 720-722.

American Mineralogist (1955): 40: 828-833.

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  • Localities for Fairfieldite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Tanti
          • Cerro Blanco pegmatite district
    Mr. Nelson Valenzuela.
    • Salta
      • Nevados de Palermo
    Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina); Galliski, M. A. (1983). Distrito minero El Quemado, Deptos. La Poma y Cachi, provincia de Salta. II. Geología de sus pegmatitas. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argentina, 38, 340-380.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    Australian Jour.Min. v.6, no. 1
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Koralpe
        • Moschkogel - Weinebene area
          • Brandrücken
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce valley
        • Conselheiro Pena
    Min Rec 36:3 p293
          • Ferruginha
    sergio varvello collection
        • Galiléia
          • Sapucaia do Norte
    Baijot, M., Hatert, F. & Philippo, S. (2012): Mineralogy and geochemistry of phosphates and silicates in the Sapucaia pegmatite, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Genetic implications. Canadian Mineralogist. 50, 1531-1554
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    Can.Min.47,1225(2009)
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Plzeň Region
        • Poběžovice (Ronsperg; Ronsberg; Ronsperk)
          • Otov
    Masau, M., Staněk, J., Černý, P., Chapman, R. (2000). Metasomatic wolfeite and associated phosphates from the Otov I granitic pegmatite, western Bohemia. J. Czech Geol. Soc. 45, 159-173.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    Staněk, J.: Parageneze minerálů pegmatitových žil z Hatí u Dolních Borů na západní Moravě. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. nat., vol. 76, pages 19-49.
    Finland
     
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    Sandström, F. & Lahti, S.I. (2009): Viitaniemipegmatiten i Eräjärvi, Orivesi, Finland. Litiofilen 26 (1): 11-38
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Zwiesel
            • Rabenstein
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 721; Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Iran
     
    • Esfahan Province (Isfahan Province; Aspadana Province)
      • Nain County (Nayin County)
        • Anarak District
    Italy
     
    • Lombardy
      • Lecco Province
        • Colico
    Vignola, P., Fransolet, A.M., Guastoni, A. & Appiani, R. (2011). Le pegmatiti di Piona. Recenti studi sui filoni Malpensata, Luna e Sommafiume. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/2011, 30-38
    Morocco
     
    • Marrakech-Tensift-El Haouz Region
      • El Kelaâ des Sraghna Province
        • Sidi Bou Othmane
    Favreau, G. (2012): Deux pegmatites à phosphates de Sidi Bou Othmane (Maroc). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 3-2012, 71-109
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Usakos
          • Sandamap North Farm 115 (Sandamab)
    in the collection from F.J.Emmerich
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Sowie Mts
    Pieczka A., Łobos K., Sachanbiński M. 2004: The first occurence of elbaite in Poland. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 35, 3-14
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Sabugal
        • Bendada
    Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    • Viana do Castelo District
      • Ponte da Barca
        • Touvedo
    Self-find by Nuno Afonso; optical and XRD analysed
    • Vila Real District
    Martins, T., Lima, A., Simmons, W.B. Falster, A.U. & Noronha, F. (2011): Geochemical fractionation of Nb-Ta oxides in Li-bearing pegmatites from the Barroso-Alvão pegmatite field, Northern Portugal. Canadian Mineralogist. 49, 777-791
    • Viseu District
      • Mangualde
    Mineralien Atlas
        • Mesquitela
    Pedro Alves collection (p-XRD and SEM EDS analysed samples)
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Sweden
     
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
        • Brissago
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 196.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
    AmMin 67: 97-113 (1982)
          • Independence Gulch
    Am Min 67:97-113
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Chief Mountain
    Mineralogical Record (2002): 33(5): 388.
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Town of Ridgefield
          • Branchville
    Brush and Dana (1878); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 671, 721; NJMM (1957), 78; Lapis (1984): 2: 5.; Rocks & Minerals (1995) 70:396-409
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Haddam
          • Haddam Neck
    Schooner, Richard. (circa 1980s), Untitled manuscript on central Connecticut mineralogy.
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
            • Strickland pegmatite (Strickland-Cramer Quarry; Strickland-Cramer Mine; Strickland-Cramer Feldspar-Mica Quarries)
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press); Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • West Mount Apatite District
    No reference listed
        • Poland
    King, V. T. and Foord, E. E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, Descriptive Mineralogy, volume 1, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, Maine, USA, pp. 418 + 88 plates.
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Town of Baldwin
          • West Baldwin
    Thompson, W.B., et,al., 2000, Rocks & Minerals, vol. 75, no. 6, pgs 408-418; Rocks and Minerals (1999) 74:188,189; Anthony R. Kampf, Stuart J. Mills, W.B. Simmons, James W. Nizamoff, and R.W. Whitmore (2012) Falsterite, A New Zinc-Bearing Secondary Phosphate From The Palermo #1 Mine, North Groton, New Hampshire. 39th Rochester Symposium abstracts.
      • Oxford Co.
        • Buckfield
    King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1.; King and Foord, 2000, Addenda to Volume 1, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 2.
        • Greenwood
    Maine Pegmatite Workshop 2004
    Kink, V. and Foord, E.E., 1992 Maine Mineralogy, Vol. 1, Maine Geologic Survey, Augusta.
    Mineral News (1993) 9:2 p. 8; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    Mineral News (1995) 11:2 pp1,2,5
        • Hebron
    King, V. and Foord, E, 1994, Mineralogy of Maine.
        • Newry
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    "Mineralogy of Maine, Vol. 1" by King, V.T. & Foord, E.E., Maine Geologic Survey, 1994
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2
        • Norway
    No reference listed
        • Paris
    King, V. T. and Foord, E. E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, Descriptive Mineralogy, volume 1, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, Maine, USA, pp. 418 + 88 plates.
        • Peru
        • Rumford
    "Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998)
    King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, Vol. 1
    Tim Blake, Lookout Mine Owner
        • Stoneham
    No reference listed
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Alstead
    Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
        • Marlow
    Kevin Czaja Collection
        • Walpole
    Etienne Médard collection, 2006
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 686, 953; Rocks & Minerals: 16: 208-211.; Am. Min. 50 (1965), 713-717; USGS Prof Paper 255; USGS Prof Paper 353; NIZAMOFF, James W., SIMMONS, William B., and FALSTER, Alexander U. (2004) PHOSPHATE MINERALOGY AND PARAGENESIS OF THE PALERMO #2 PEGMATITE, NORTH GROTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
    Whitmore & Lawrence, 2004. The Pegmatite Mines Known As Palermo, p. 96.; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
          • Parker Mountain
    Switzer, The Paragenesis of the Center Strafford NH Pegmatite (AmMin 23:811); Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241; USGS Prof Paper 255; American Mineralogist 23:811
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    Brannock, K.C. (1967) Rocks and Minerals: June: 403-406.; Am Min 54 (1969), 1467-1469; Rocks and Minerals, (1985) 60:76-82; Carolina Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook 1981, 39-48
        • Bessemer City
    Rui Nunes - 2nd February, 2006
        • Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt
          • Bessemer City
    Saenger,Abigail L. and Swanson,Samuel E.(2012) Mineralogy Of Primary Phoshate Minerals In Li Pegmatites Of The Kings Mountain District,North Carolina; The Geological Society Of America
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Fourmile
    Mineralogical Record: 14: 195; Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    Rocks & Min.:10:147 & 60:112,116.
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    • Utah
      • Utah Co.
        • Oquirrh Mts
          • Fairfield
    Liferovich, R.P., Subbotin, V.V., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Lyalina, M.F. (1998) A new type of scandium mineralization in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Kovdor Massif, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 36, 971-980.
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