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Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

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Nordmark (Nordmarksberg), Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
© Peter Haas

Show Pyrosmalite-(Fe) Photos (28)



Formula:
(Fe,Mn)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
System:TrigonalHardness:4½
Member of:Pyrosmalite Group
Name:For the Fe-dominance.
Isostructural with:Pyrosmalite Group


Pyrosmalite-(Fe)-Pyrosmalite-(Mn) Series.

The work of Yang et al. (2012) suggests the presence of disordered structural water in pyrosmalite-(Fe), consistent with infrared spectroscopic data measured from the same sample.

Classification of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.28-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EE.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
E : Single tetrahedral nets of 6-membered rings connected by octahedral nets or octahedral bands
Dana 8th edition ID:72.4.1a.1

72 : PHYLLOSILICATES Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings
4 : Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings with 4-, 6-, and 12-membered rings
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.3.12

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
3 : Silicates with chloride (including aluminosilicates)
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Type Occurrence of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Type Locality:Pegmont Pb-Zn deposit, Cloncurry District, Mount Isa - Cloncurry area, Queensland, Australia
Year of Discovery:1987

Physical Properties of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Hardness (Mohs):4½

Crystallography of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:P3m1 {P3 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 13.3165(2) Å, c = 7.0845(2) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.532
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,087.98 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.680 nε = 1.640
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.040

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Formula:
(Fe,Mn)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Cl, Fe, H, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Mg

Relationship of Pyrosmalite-(Fe) to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Pyrosmalite-(Mn) (see here)
Member of:Pyrosmalite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Friedelite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
Mcgillite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
8
Cl
 
2
Nelenite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
)(OH)
 
14
[As
3+
3
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
]
Pyrosmalite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
Schallerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
Si
 
12
As
 
3
O
 
36
(OH)
 
17
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.EE.05Bementite
Mn
 
7
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
8
9.EE.10Brokenhillite
Mn
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
10
9.EE.10Friedelite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
9.EE.10Pyrosmalite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
9.EE.10Mcgillite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
8
Cl
 
2
9.EE.15Nelenite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
)(OH)
 
14
[As
3+
3
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
]
9.EE.15Schallerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
Si
 
12
As
 
3
O
 
36
(OH)
 
17
9.EE.20Palygorskite
(Mg,Al)
 
5
(Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
9.EE.20Tuperssuatsiaite
Na
 
2
Fe
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EE.20Yofortierite
Mn
 
5
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 8-9H
 
2
O
9.EE.20Windhoekite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
2.67
[Si
 
8
O
 
20
](OH)
 
4
 · 10H
 
2
O
9.EE.25Falcondoite
(Ni,Mg)
 
4
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.EE.25Loughlinite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 8H
 
2
O
9.EE.25Sepiolite
Mg
 
4
(Si
 
6
O
 
15
)(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.EE.25Kalifersite
(K,Na)
 
5
Fe
3+
7
Si
 
20
O
 
50
(OH)
 
6
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.EE.30Gyrolite
NaCa
 
16
Si
 
23
AlO
 
60
(OH)
 
8
 · 14H
 
2
O
9.EE.30Orlymanite
Ca
 
4
Mn
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.EE.30Tungusite
Ca
 
4
Fe
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
6
9.EE.35Reyerite
(Na,K)
 
2
Ca
 
14
(Si,Al)
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.EE.35Truscottite
(Ca,Mn)
 
14
Si
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.EE.40Natrosilite
Na
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
9.EE.45Makatite
Na
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
8
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EE.50Varennesite
Na
 
8
Mn
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
25
(OH,Cl)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.EE.55Raite
Na
 
4
Mn
2+
3
Ti
 
0.25
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
9.EE.60Intersilite
Na
 
6
Mn
2+
 
Ti[Si
 
10
O
 
24
(OH)](OH)
 
3
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.EE.65Shafranovskite
(Na,K)
 
6
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.EE.65Zakharovite
Na
 
4
Mn
 
5
Si
 
10
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.EE.70Zeophyllite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,F)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.EE.75Minehillite
(K,Na)
 
2-3
Ca
 
28
Zn
 
4
Al
 
4
Si
 
40
O
 
112
(OH)
 
16
9.EE.80Fedorite
(Na,K)
 
2-3
(Ca
 
4
Na
 
3
)Si
 
16
O
 
38
F
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
9.EE.80Martinite
(Na,Ca)
 
11
Ca
 
4
(Si,S,B)
 
14
B
 
2
O
 
40
F
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EE.85Lalondeite
(Na,Ca)
 
6
(Ca,Na)
 
3
Si
 
16
O
 
38
(F,OH)
 
2
·3H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.3.1Rustumite
Ca
 
10
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
Cl
 
2
17.3.2Zunyite
Al
 
13
Si
 
5
O
 
20
(OH,F)
 
18
Cl
17.3.3Sodalite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
2
17.3.4Marialite
Na
 
4
Al
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
Cl
17.3.5Tugtupite
Na
 
4
(AlBeSi
 
4
O
 
12
)Cl
17.3.6Eudialyte
Na
 
15
Ca
 
6
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
3
Zr
 
3
[Si
 
25
O
 
73
](O,OH,H
 
2
O)
 
3
(OH,Cl)
 
2
17.3.7Alluaivite
Na
 
19
(Ca,Mn)
 
6
(Ti,Nb)
 
3
Si
 
26
O
 
74
Cl · 2H
 
2
O
17.3.8Nasonite
Pb
 
6
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
3
Cl
 
2
17.3.9Asisite
Pb
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)O
 
4
Cl
 
2
17.3.10Jagoite
(Pb,Ca)
 
3
FeSi
 
3
O
 
10
(Cl,OH)
17.3.11Friedelite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
17.3.13Pyrosmalite
17.3.14Pyrosmalite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH,Cl)
 
10
17.3.16Mcgillite
(Mn,Fe)
 
8
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
8
Cl
 
2
17.3.17Traskite
Ba
 
21
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Mn,Ti)
 
4
(Ti,Fe,Mg)
 
12
(Si
 
12
O
 
36
)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
6
(O,OH)
 
30
Cl
 
6
·14H
 
2
O
17.3.18Muirite
Ba
 
10
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Ti[(OH,Cl,F)|HSi
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
5
17.3.19Verplanckite
Ba
 
2
(Mn,Fe,Ti)Si
 
2
O
 
6
(O,OH,Cl,F)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O or near

Other Names for Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Synonyms:
FerropyrosmalitePyrosmalite
Other Languages:
German:Ferropyrosmalit
Spanish:Ferropyrosmalita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

Reference List:

- +
Mineralogical Magazine (1987): 51: 174.

Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 1-6 (manganpyrosmalite structure)

Canadian Mineralogist (1993): 31: 695.

Mineralogical Magazine (1986): 50: 527.

American Mineralogist: 73: 933-934.

Yang, H., Downs, R.T., Yang, Y.W., and W. H. Allen, W.H. (2012): Pyrosmalite-(Fe), Fe8Si6O15(OH,Cl)10. Acta Crystallographica, E68, i7-i8.

Internet Links for Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Ferropyrosmalite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Pyrosmalite-(Fe)

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		No reference listed
    Birch et al - 1999 - Minerals of Broken Hill, Second Edition.
    • Queensland
      • Mount Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Cloncurry District
    		MM 1987, 174
        • Selwyn District
    		G. Dong & P. J. Pollard (1997): Identification of ferropyrosmalite by Laser Raman microprobe in fluid inclusions from metalliferous deposits in the Cloncurry District, NW Queensland, Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 61(2), 291–293.
    Brazil
     
    • Pará
      • Carajás mineral province
        • Parauapebas
    		Grainger, C.J., Groves, D.I., Tallarico, F.H.B., and Fletcher, I.R. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 451-489.
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Thompson Nickel Belt
        • Moab-Setting Lakes area
    		Y. Chen, M. E. Fleet and Y. Pan (1993) Platinum-group minerals and gold in Arsenic-rich ore at the Thompson mine, Thompson Nickel Belt, Manitoba, Canada. Mineralogy and Petrology 49:127-146; Can. Min. 31, 695
    • Ontario
      • Sudbury District
        • Levack
    		Springer (1989) Can. Min. 27, 311-313; C. Li and A. J. Naldrett (1993) High chlorine alteration minerals and calcium-rich brines in fluid inclusions from the Strathcona deep copper zone, Sudbury, Ontario. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists 88:1780-1796
      • Thunder Bay District
        • Manitouwadge
    		Can. Min. 31, 695; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1992, 29(7): 1375-1388
    Can. Min. 31, 695
    • Québec
      • Nord-du-Québec
        • Matagami
    		Can. Min. 31, 695
    Norway
     
    • Oslo
      • Grorud
    		Knut Eldjarn specimen
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Kromdraai 209 JR farm
    		Rocks & Minerals 83:5 pp 410-421
    Spain
     
    • Extremadura
      • Badajoz
        • Burguillos del Cerro
    		Sanabria, R. and Calvo, M. (2002). Los yacimientos de magnetita de Burguillos del Cerro. Revista de Minerales, 2 (3), 4-25
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Gällivare
        • Aitik
    		No reference listed
    • Södermanland
      • Utö
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		No reference listed
        • Nordmark district
    		No reference listed
    Thailand
     
    • Loei Province
    		International Geological Congress (2008) MRD-06 Geology and genesis of reduced gold skarn formation at Phu Thap Fah deposit, northeast Thailand
    USA
     
    • New York
      • Rockland Co.
        • Ramapo Township
    		Marian Lupulescu (2008) Rocks and Minerals, 83, #3.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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