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Fluocerite-(Ce)

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Hundholmen, Tysfjord, Nordland, Norway
© Knut Eldjarn

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Formula:
(Ce,La)F
 
3
System:HexagonalColour:Light yellow; darkening ...
Hardness:4½ - 5
Name:In allusion to its composition containing FLUOrine and CERium, plus the "-(Ce)" suffix due to cerium being the dominant rare earth element (REE).


The cerium analogue of Fluocerite-(La).

Classification of Fluocerite-(Ce)

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:3/A.10-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:3.AC.15

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
C : M:X = 1:3
Dana 8th edition ID:9.3.4.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
3 : AX3
Hey's CIM Ref.:8.7.1

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
7 : Halides of the rare earth metals
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Type Occurrence of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Co-type Localities:Broddbo, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden
Finnbo (Finbo), Falun, Dalarna, Sweden

Physical Properties of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Light yellow; darkening to yellow- and red-brown; colourless to pale pink (transmitted light)
Streak:Off-white
Hardness (Mohs):4½ - 5
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
{0001} distinct; {11_20} indistinct.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Splintery, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):5.93 - 6.14 g/cm3

Crystallography of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 7.124Å, c = 7.28Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.022
Unit Cell Volume:V 319.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals prismatic [0001] or tabular {0001}. Massive, coarsely granular.

Optical Data of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.612 - 1.618 nε = 1.607 - 1.611
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.005 - 0.007

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Fluocerite-(Ce)

Formula:
(Ce,La)F
 
3
Essential elements:Ce, F
All elements listed in formula:Ce, F, La

Relationship of Fluocerite-(Ce) to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
3.AC.05Zharchikhite
AlF(OH)
 
2
3.AC.10Molysite
FeCl
 
3
3.AC.15Fluocerite-(La)
(La,Ce)F
 
3
3.AC.20Gananite
BiF
 
3
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
8.7.2Fluocerite-(La)
(La,Ce)F
 
3
8.7.3Tveitite-(Y)
(Y, Na)
 
6
Ca
 
6
Ca
 
6
F
 
42
8.7.4Gagarinite-(Y)
NaCaYF
 
6

Other Names for Fluocerite-(Ce)

Other Languages:
German:Neutrales Fluorcerium
Russian:Флюоцерит-(Ce)
Swedish:Neutralt Fluss-spatsyrat Cerium

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in H2SO4 but virtually unaffected by HCl or HNO3.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Fluocerite-(Ce)

Reference List:

- +
Berzelius (1818): 6: 56 (as Neutralt flussspatssyradt).

Allen and Comstock (1880) American Journal of Science: 19: 390.

Hillebrand (1899) American Journal of Science: 7: 51.

Flink (1910) Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi, Stockholm: 3: 1.

Koechlin (1912) Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Vienna: 31: 528.

Geijer (1921) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 43: 19.

Oftedal (1931) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: Abteilung B: 13: 190.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 48.

Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994): 529.

Mineralogical Record (1990): 21: 429.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1997) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume III. Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 628pp.: 203.

American Mineralogist (1987): 72: 1031 (Appendix 2).

Internet Links for Fluocerite-(Ce)

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    • Localities for Fluocerite-(Ce)

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Mt Babbage area (Inlier)
    		Wulser PA et al. U-Th-REE mobility in and around the Mt Painter & Mt Babbage inliers, Northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia. 2005, Abstracts Geol. Soc. Austra. Vol.78
    Brazil
     
    • Amazonas
      • Presidente Figueiredo
        • Pitinga mine
    		A. C. Bastos Neto, V. P. Pereira, L. H. Ronchi, E. F. de Lima and J. C. Frantz (2009): The world-class Sn, Nb, Ta, F (Y, REE, Li) deposit and the massive cryolite associated with the albite-enriched facies of the Madeira A-type granite, Pitinga mining district, Amazonas State, Brazil. Canadian Mineralogist 47, 1329-1357.
    • Minas Gerais
      • Iron Quadrangle
        • Ouro Preto
          • Dom Bosco (old Hargreaves)
    		Hussak and Prior (1900) Mineralogical Magazine: 12: 244.
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Zhangjiakou Prefecture
    		Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): "Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp.
    Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): "Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp.
    Finland
     
    • Southwestern Finland Region
    		Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland (1988): 60(1): 45-53.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); KOLITSCH, U., GRÖBNER, J. & BAYERL, R. (1995): Die Mineralien der Silber-Antimon-Vererzungen der Grube Clara im Zeitraum 1993 bis 1995. - Erzgräber 9 (2), 61-77. ; KOLITSCH, U. & GÖTZINGER, M. (2000): Einige Neufunde aus der Grube Clara im mittleren Schwarzwald: Eulytin, Namibit, Volborthit, Gearksutit, Spertiniit, Monazit-(La), Protasit, Sainfeldit, Cyanotrichit und Vauquelinit. - Erzgräber 14, 33-47.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Altenberg
    		Mineralien-Welt, (2), 17-39.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
    		JAHN, St.; SCHNAITMANN, E.A.; NIEDERMAYR, G. (2010): Spektakuläre Neufunde aus dem Erongo (IV). - MINERALIEN-Welt (5), 60-66.
    Nigeria
     
    • Nassarawa (Nasarawa) State
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41-46.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Iveland
        • Birkeland
    		Neumann, H. & Bergstøl, S. (1963): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway No.17. Cerianite from cleavelandite pegmatite dykes in Iveland. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 43,247-255
    Frigstad, O. F. (1999): Amazonittpegmatitter i Iveland-Evje. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 15: 60-73.
        • Kåbuland
    		Neumann, H. & Bergstøl, S. (1963): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway No.17. Cerianite from cleavelandite pegmatite dykes in Iveland. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 43,247-255 + Neumann (1985, p. 51).
    • Nordland
      • Tysfjord
        • Drag
    		Sverdrup, T.L., Sæbø,P.Chr. & Bryn, K.Ö. (1965): Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway No. 31. Tysonite (fluocerite), a new mineral for Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 45: 177-188
    Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum.Skrift 38: 5-28
    Neumann, H. (1959): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway. No. 1. An introduction. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift. 39, 231-236.
    • Telemark
      • Drangedal
        • Tørdal
    		Sverdrup, T.L., Sæbø,P.Chr. & Bryn, K.Ö. (1965): Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway No. 31. Tysonite (fluocerite), a new mineral for Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 45: 177-188
    Larsen, A.O. (1982): Mineralene i Skarsfjell pegmatittbrudd, Tørdal. in Geologisk Museum. Interne notater 1961-1990. Published by Geologisk Museums Venner, Oslo 1991, p 101
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
    		P.M. Karashov data
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Kromdraai 209 JR farm
    		S. Weinert (2006) Locality Data Sheet ML35 (South African Micromount Society); Rocks & Minerals 83:5 pp 410-421
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Kenhardt District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
    		Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 1, 119; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49; Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 41. Kjellman (unpublished)
      • Säter
        • St. Skedevi
    		Weibull, M. (1886): Om fluoceriten från Österby i Dalarne. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 8, 496-500
    • Västmanland
      • Skinnskatteberg
        • Riddarhyttan
    		Öhman, L. , Nysten, P. and Langhof, J. (2004): Famous mineral localities: the Bastnäs mines - Riddarhyttan ore field, Bergslagen district, Västmanland, Sweden. The Mineralogical Record, 35 (3):187-200
    USA
     
    • California
        • Ivanpah District (Copper World District)
          • Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range)
            • Clark Mountain Sub-District
              • Mountain Pass
    		USGS Bulletin 2160
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Dailey District (Jones Pass District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; USGS Open-File Report 80-661
      • El Paso Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
        • Mount Rosa
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 49.
    Müller, M. M., Kleebe, H.-J., Lauterbach, S. and Zito, G. (2011): Crystallographic orientation relationship between bastnaesite, fluocerite and cerianite observed in a crystal from the pikes peak pegmatites. Z. Kristallogr. 226 (2011) 467-475.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • South Platte Pegmatite District
    		Mineralogical Record: 21: 429; Rocks & Minerals: 64: 471.
      • Park Co.
    		Jim Hall
      • Teller Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals: 63: 457.
    • New Hampshire
      • Carroll Co.
        • Albany
    		Rocks & Minerals (1990): 65: 295.
      • Grafton Co.
        • Bethlehem
    		Nashua Min. Soc. Disp. Cat., 1995; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    • New York
    		John H. Betts (2009) "The minerals of New York City", Rocks & Minerals, 84, 204-240.
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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